| 实践的自由与美的范畴 |
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| 引用本文： | 张玉能.实践的自由与美的范畴[J].华中师范大学学报(人文社会科学版),2003,42(1):47-53. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张玉能 |
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| 作者单位： | 华中师范大学,文学院,湖北,武汉,430079 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家社会科学基金项目“马克思主义实践美学范畴体系”(0 1BZX0 44) |
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| 摘 要： | 人，作为个体的生存，从实践（以物质生产为中心）出发才逐步生成，而在实足走向创造的过程中，人们才不断达到一定的自由境界。正是人的实践－创造的自由使自然人化，人也人化，从而产生出人对现实的审美关系；这种审美关系体现对象之上就是美，而体现在人本身之上则是美感。人类的实践－创造的自由同样是一个历时性的过程和一个共时性的结构，因此，它不仅有不同的自由程度和不同的自由境界，而且还有自由，反自由，不自由，准自由等几个维度；与这些不同的自由给度相关便形成了美，丑，柔美，刚美，悲剧性，喜剧性，滑稽，幽默的相应的美的范畴，并形成各个美的范畴之间的过渡，转化，对应等关系，从而形成一个完整的美的范畴体系。
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| 关 键 词： | 实践-创造 自由 反自由 准自由 不自由 美 丑 柔美 刚美 悲剧性 喜剧性 幽默 滑稽 |
| 文章编号： | 1000-2456(2003)01-0047-07 |
| 修稿时间： | 2002年4月26日 |
The Freedom of Practice and the Categories of Beauty |
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| ZHANG Yu,neng.The Freedom of Practice and the Categories of Beauty[J].Journal of Central China Normal University(Humanities and Social Sciences),2003,42(1):47-53. |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Yu neng |
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| Abstract: | Man, existing as an individual, is produced by practice (especially by material production) gradually. During the process of practice's developing into creation, man attains different levels of freedom. It is man's freedom of practice creation that humanlize nature and man himself, and produces aesthetic relationship between man and reality, which embodies as beauty in the object, as the sense of beauty in the subject. Man's freedom of practice creation is a synchronic structure as well as a diachronic process. So it has different levels of freedom and can be divided into: freedom, quasi freedom, unfreedom, anti freedom. Based on the different levels of freedom, aesthetic categories such as beauty, ugliness, grace, muscular beauty, tragic, comic, humour, ironic, etc. come into being. These categories can be transferred into one another, thus form a complicated system of aesthetic categories. |
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| Keywords: | practice creation freedom quasi freedom unfreedom anti freedom beauty ugliness grace muscular beauty tragic comic humour ironic |
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