Estimating reliability of school-level scores using multilevel and generalizability theory models |
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| Authors: | Min-Jeong Jeon Guemin Lee Jeong-Won Hwang Sang-Jin Kang |
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| Institution: | (1) University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, USA;(2) Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea |
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| Abstract: | The purpose of this study was to investigate the methods of estimating the reliability of school-level scores using generalizability
theory and multilevel models. Two approaches, ‘student within schools’ and ‘students within schools and subject areas,’ were
conceptualized and implemented in this study. Four methods resulting from the combination of these two approaches with generalizability
theory and multilevel models were compared for both balanced and unbalanced data. The generalizability theory and multilevel
models for the ‘students within schools’ approach produced the same variance components and reliability estimates for the
balanced data, while failing to do so for the unbalanced data. The different results from the two models can be explained
by the fact that they administer different procedures in estimating the variance components used, in turn, to estimate reliability.
Among the estimation methods investigated in this study, the generalizability theory model with the ‘students nested within
schools crossed with subject areas’ design produced the lowest reliability estimates. Fully nested designs such as (students:schools)
or (subject areas:students:schools) would not have any significant impact on reliability estimates of school-level scores.
Both methods provide very similar reliability estimates of school-level scores. |
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| Keywords: | Reliability Generalizability theory Multilevel model |
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