| “子君父臣”现象中的礼制问题研究——以醇亲王奕譞为例 |
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| 作者姓名： | 徐笑运 |
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| 作者单位： | 华东师范大学历史学系 |
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| 摘 要： | 光绪帝即位产生的"子君父臣"现象,是清代政权统治中前所未有的特殊情形,更是光绪一朝时刻触动君臣神经的敏感话题。清廷在安置醇亲王奕譞的问题上,始终刻意回避本生父称谓,精心设计出以亲王世袭罔替、虚位优尊的一套礼制,暂时平定新帝即位引发的礼法冲突,却又不可避免地为日后议礼埋下隐患,后又借奕譞密陈的《豫杜妄论奏》巧妙化解吴大澂请上醇王尊号引发的礼法危机。奕譞作为整个议礼事件的核心人物,姿态备受时人注目,他不但严守亲藩体制、小心自处于帝后之间,固辞世袭罔替封号在前,积极配合慈禧化解礼法矛盾于后,极力排除尊崇本生的可能。生前未获本生父封号的他,身后却被慈禧以"皇帝本生考"名义治丧,其饰终典礼远超清代一般亲藩诸王。最终清代并未重蹈前明大礼仪政争的覆辙,不可不谓奕譞之功、清王朝之幸。
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| 关 键 词： | 子君父臣 奕譞 醇亲王 皇帝本生父 饰终典礼 |
Ritual Problems in“Father Serving Emperor-Son”:A Case Study of Prince Chun |
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| Authors: | Xu Xiaoyun |
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| Abstract: | With Emperor Guangxu ascending the throne,his own father Yihuan,also known as Prince Chun,became a government official under him,which challenged the ritual system and remained a sensitive issue throughout the Guanxu reign.To deal with the ritual problems,the Qing government ceremonially conferred the title"Irreplaceable Hereditary Prince"世袭罔替]on Yihuan.It later faked a memorial allegedly presented by Yihuan himself to cleverly resolve a ritual crisis caused by Wu Dacheng’s questioning of Yihuan’s title.Throughout the ritual debate,Yihuan kept to his duty and carefully positioned himself between Emperor Guangxu and Empress Dowager Cixi.Following his attempted refusal of the title"Irreplaceable Hereditary Prince",he actively cooperated with Cixi in solving ritual issues and avoiding to be honoured as the"emperor’s father".After death,he was conferred by Cixi the funerary title"Emperor’s Father"and exceeded other Qing princes in funeral level.In addition,Yichun contributed to the stability of the Qing ritual system by preventing violent ritual-political conflicts like that occurred in the previous Ming dynasty. |
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| Keywords: | Father serving emperor-son Yi Xuan Prince Chun emperor’s father funeral ceremony |
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