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1.
1998-2011年海河流域植被覆盖变化及气候因子驱动分析 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
基于1998-2011年的SPOT/NDVI数据,结合海河流域土地覆盖数据分析了海河流域植被覆盖的时空变化特征,然后利用海河流域30个气象站的气温和降水资料对海河流域植被覆盖变化的气候驱动力进行了分析。结果表明：1998-2011年海河流域NDVI呈缓慢上升趋势,植被覆盖状况总体上在改善,但是在空间存在明显差异,其中农田、森林、湿地改善最为明显,植被明显改善区域与植被高波动区分布基本一致,植被覆盖基本不变区域与植被低波动区基本一致;海河流域植被覆盖变化受气候因子驱动的面积比例为31.7%,非气候因子驱动型分布于整个流域,占整个流域面积的68.3%,其分布地区土地覆盖类型主要是农田、建设用地,表明人类活动对植被变化的影响较大。 相似文献
2.
以MODIS—NDVI长时间序列数据为基础,利用像元二分模型对广西区内2001-2013年的植被覆盖度进行了估算,并采用转移矩阵的方法,分析了年份间覆盖度高低变化的方向。结果表明:13年间植被覆盖度呈波动式变化,在空间上的分布规律为东西部大于中部,越往中部植被覆盖度越低;区内植被覆盖度处于较高覆被,且总体呈增长趋势;13年间植被覆盖度变化大多处于稳定状态;2001~2007年和2007~2013年,各等级植被覆盖度以较低覆盖度向高一等级覆盖度转移为主,且正向转移大于负向转移。 相似文献
3.
2000—2019年黄河流域植被覆盖度时空变化 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
科学认识黄河流域植被覆盖度的空间格局和时序变化特征,对了解黄河流域生态环境质量演变,综合治理水土流失具有重要的应用价值。本文基于MOD13Q1数据产品和国家气象站降水数据,采用像元二分模型、一元线性回归模型和Hurst指数,分析了2000—2019年黄河流域植被覆盖度空间格局、时序变化和发展趋势。研究发现：①黄河流域植被覆盖度年际变化呈明显的上升趋势,增长速度为0.0603/10 a,月际变化呈先升后降的变化过程,8月植被覆盖度达到最大值0.672;②流域中部植被覆盖明显改善,西北部和西部改善程度相对较低;③在空间上,呈现从西北至东南阶梯状增大的分布态势,河南省植被覆盖状况最佳;④降水量是影响植被覆盖空间分布的决定性因素,但对年际变化的影响较小,且对中游的影响程度明显大于上游地区;⑤未来黄河流域植被覆盖发展较好,植被覆盖度上升趋势占流域总面积的64.51%。研究可为黄河流域生态保护方案的制定提供数据支撑和科学指导。 相似文献
4.
以呼和浩特市为主要的研究区域,以1990年、1995年、2000年、2005年、2010年呼和浩特市Landsat4-5TM卫星数字影像,以及2015年、2017年Landsat8OLI TIRS卫星数字影像为数据,通过ArcGIS和ENVI软件平台提取植被覆盖度,研究1990年～2017年呼和浩特市植被覆盖度的总体变化及发展趋势。在此基础上研究呼和浩特市植被覆盖度的时空变化规律,并综合分析呼和浩特市植被覆盖度的变化情况。结果表明,时间上,1990年～1995年呼和浩特市的植被覆盖度处于下降的趋势,1995年～2010年,呼和浩特市的植被覆盖度处于平稳变化阶段,2010年～2015年,呼和浩特市的植被覆盖度再次出现下降趋势,但到2017年,呼和浩特市的植被覆盖度稳步上升,有明显的改善;空间上,呼和浩特市呈现中部植被覆盖度较高,南北植被覆盖度低的空间格局,植被覆盖度空间分布不均匀。 相似文献
5.
黄河源区植被覆盖度对气温和降水的响应研究 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
本文基于1982-2006年NOAA/AVHRR NDVI和2000-2012年MODIS NDVI两种遥感植被数据以及同期站点的月平均气温和降水资料,通过对重叠观测时期的数据建立映射关系,对NOAA/AVHRR NDVI数据延长插补,分析黄河源区1982-2012年植被的时空变化特征及其对气候变化的响应。结果表明,黄河源区植被覆盖度呈由东南向西北递减的分布格局;海拔在3 000m以下和4 500m以上地区植被覆盖度相对较差,3 000~4 500m地区植被覆盖度相对较好;植被覆盖度在时间变化上呈增加趋势,但在2000年出现突变点,2000年之后增加速率约为之前的2倍;植被覆盖在整体增加的背景下,也存在零星的退化现象,而在西部高海拔和北部较干旱的低植被覆盖度区域植被覆盖的增加仍存在着较大的年际波动,并不稳定;相对于降水,研究区的植被覆盖对气温变化的响应更为敏感,属于热量限制型生态区。 相似文献
6.
基于遥感与地理信息技术,利用2000至2009年十年间MODISNDVI数据对石羊河流域植被覆盖情况进行了动态监测。采用最大化合成植被指数NDVI,通过趋势分析、不同年份植被覆盖度差值比较,并辅助2000年石羊河流域的景观数据,综合判断石羊河流域植被变化情况,发现石羊河流域上中游植被退化趋势明显,下游以改善为主,整个流域植被退化的部分所占的面积百分比要高于植被改善的比例,近10年石羊河流域生态环境仍处于恶化的趋势。 相似文献
7.
广西西江流域作为我国西南地区重要的水源涵养区,也是生态环境敏感脆弱的区域,对这一区域的植被覆盖进行检测和分析具有重要意义。文章基于2000-2016年分辨率为250米的MODIS-NDVI数据,采用Theil-Sen Median趋势分析法和Mann-Kendall检验,研究了广西西江流域NDVI时空变化特征和变化趋势,结果表明:(1)广西西江流域总体植被覆盖度较高,高植被覆盖区域主要分布在流域东部和西北部,中低值区域主要分布在流域中南部,形成了四周较高植被覆盖度,中间较低植被覆盖空间分布特征。(2)2000-2016年广西西江流域植被覆盖呈缓慢增加的趋势,植被覆盖明显改善的区域主要分布在流域中部,植被覆盖明显退化的地区主要位于南宁市、贵港市的浔郁谷地平原地区、百色市的右江谷地地区。(3)不同的土地利用类型中,建设用地、耕地中植被覆盖显著退化的比例最高,草地、林地的植被覆盖改善比例最高,同时具有随高程、坡度等级的增加植被覆盖呈退化趋势比例减少的特点。 相似文献
8.
植被覆盖度是评价气候变化影响与生态系统状况的重要指标.基于MODIS-NDVI数据对吉林省2001—2010年的植被覆盖度进行估算,并分析其时空动态变化.结果表明:1)近10年吉林省东部的植被覆盖情况明显好于西部,但西部的植被覆盖情况在10年中有显著变好的趋势.根据人口重心原理可知,吉林省10年的植被覆盖度重心有向高纬度、低经度方向移动的趋势;2)不同的土地利用类型的植被覆盖度差异很大,林地、农田和草地的植被覆盖度依次减小;3)分析气象站点10年期间的降雨数据后发现,处在东部的延吉站降雨量与植被覆盖度呈正相关,处在中西部的长春、四平及前郭尔罗斯3个气象站点的降雨量与植被覆盖度均成负相关. 相似文献
9.
《青海科技》2021,(3)
以祁连山南坡为研究区,基于2000～2020年250m分辨率的MODIS NDVI数据,采用最大合成法分别获取6、7、8月NDVI值,然后对6、7、8月NDVI值采用均值法获得年平均NDVI值,利用像元二分法获得植被覆盖度,用退化率做出植被覆盖的变化,再结合DEM数据和气象数据进行植被覆盖驱动力分析。结果表明:2000～2020年祁连山南坡植被覆盖度空间分布趋势整体为西北低东南高,且多以高覆盖、中高覆盖和极高覆盖为主的植被覆盖面积近20年均有所增加,但是植被覆盖占比较少的中高覆盖、极高覆盖面积基本上成减少的趋势。所以,2000～2020年植被覆盖总体上呈增长趋势。在人类活动相对集中的祁连县和门源县,植被退化明显。海拔3870m时植被覆盖最高,3870m以上植被覆盖随海拔的升高逐渐减少,小于3870m的植被覆盖度随海拔高度逐渐减少;植被覆盖度随坡度的增加而逐渐减少。 相似文献
10.
针对塔里木河下游生态输水的绩效评估和环境效益问题,本文采用2000—2017年的16天合成的MOD13Q1密集时序NDVI数据,辅助以GF-2数据,反演和监测塔里木河下游植被覆盖度（FVC）变化;进而通过最大和平均植被覆盖度指标,探讨了塔里木河下游植被在生态输水条件下的生长和恢复情况。结果表明：总体上,近20年来随着塔河的综合治理工程和人工生态调水工程的推进,塔河下游植被恢复明显,最大植被覆盖度和平均植被覆盖度均呈现显著增加的趋势（P<0.01）,高植被覆盖区从2000年的3425.95 km2增加到2017年5486.52 km2,中植被覆盖区从2000年的6508.18 km2增加到2015年的7131.23 km2。在时间演化过程上,区域植被覆盖度上升变化过程中存在波动性和不稳定性,整个过程可分为3个阶段（2000—2005年快速上升,2006—2009年波动下降,和2010—2017年稳步上升）。在空间格局上,2000—2017年间FVC增加区域主要分布在河道两旁和河流的尾闾湿地,距离河道越近植被恢复越好,远离河道10 km FVC变化特征不显著（P>0.05）。结合下游生态输水数据分析表明,塔河下游植被恢复与输水量之间存在强依赖关系,且对生态输水的响应存在时间滞后性。 相似文献
11.
A research group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol-a chemical found in the skins of red grapes in red wine-can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin according to a report in the October issue of Cell Metabolism.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):14-15
Aresearch group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol--a chemical found in the skins of red grapes and in red wine--can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin, according to a report in the October,2007 issue of Cell Metabolism. As insulin resistance is often characterized as the most critical factor contributing to the development of Type 2 diabetes, the findings“provide a potential new therapeutic approach for preventing or treating” both conditions, the researchers said. 相似文献
12.
Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
13.
A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
14.
Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
15.
《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):2-3
CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing. 相似文献
16.
Active biological molecules functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery disease diagnosis therapy new nanodevice construction.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):22-22
Active biological molecules and functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery, disease diagnosis and therapy, and new nanodevice construction. 相似文献
17.
《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1)
With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants." 相似文献
18.
Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
19.
Leah A. Lievrouw 《The Information Society》2000,16(2):155-159
This essay focuses on universal service and the Internet as means to support social and political participation. The emphasis on access to telecommunications systems in conventional approaches to universal service is contrasted with access to content. A model of the information environment is described that accounts for the roles of content and conduit, both of which are necessary conditions to achieve true access. A method is outlined for employing information indicators to observe or measure the information environment. 相似文献
20.
Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献