共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 140 毫秒
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肌肉放松能力是维持短跑运动员长时间高速跑的重要因素,放松能力对于掌握和有效运用短跑技术,提高跑的技术效果,优化短跑技术结构,使运动员在跑的过程中更经济地运用自身体能,有效地发挥最大潜能是非常重要的。就此,对短跑肌肉放松机制、放松技术、提高肌肉放松能力的训练方法加以探究,为从事短跑训练的同仁提供一些参考。 相似文献
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对于短跑这项体育活动而言,放松技术不仅与体育成绩息息相关,还能最大程度上将运动员潜能激发出来,帮助运动员取得优异的成绩。本文通过查阅大量文献资料,基于各种学术角度分析放松技术在短跑中的特点以及影响放松技术的因素,然后针对影响放松技术的影响因素提出了提升短跑运动员放松跑能力与改进短跑放松技术的建议。 相似文献
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通过文献法、观察法、经验总结等方法对短跑放松技术的作用、影响因素进行分析,提出了改进短跑放松技术、提高放松跑能力的基本策略和具体方法。一、放松技术在短跑中的作用1、在短跑中利用放松技术可以改善神经系统的功能,提高频率,发挥运动员的最大速度。2、使运动员能合理分配,尽可能减少多余的肌肉工作现象,合理地运用能量;促进全身血液循环,改善快速奔跑中肌肉的功能过程, 相似文献
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肌肉放松能力的训练可通过各种形式的短跑练习,来提高短跑中的放松能力,在训练中我们要给运动员反复强调放松技术在短中的重要性,只有运动员正确认识和理解了短跑放松技术的作用后,训练方法与手段才能真正贯彻下去,短跑放松技术可以增加每一步的幅度和加快两腿交换的频率。 相似文献
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通过文献法、观察法、经验总结等方法对短跑放松技术的作用、影响因素进行分析,提出了改进短跑放松技术、提高放松跑能力的基本策略和具体方法。一、放松技术在短跑中的作用1、在短跑中利用放松技术可以改善神经系统的功能,提高频率,发挥运动员的最大速度。2、使运动员能合理分配,尽可能减少多余的肌肉工作现象,合理地运用能量;促进全身血液循环,改善快速奔跑中肌肉的功能过程,提高速度耐力,提高运动 相似文献
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采用献法及分析法对短跑的放松能力进行分析研究，阐述了放松技术在短跑中的作用和原理，并提出短跑放松技术训练的方法。 相似文献
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周谦为 《上海体育学院学报》1985,(4)
一、放松技术的作用中外优秀短跑运动员的运动实践证明,良好的放松技术对提高短跑成绩有着重要的作用。美国著名短跑教练布什认为:“没有速度就不能成为优秀短跑运动员,而不会放松则不能成为短跑冠军”。这是因为,短跑运动员具备良好的放 相似文献
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谈少年短跑运动员放松能力的培养 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
放松对于短跑运动员掌握合理技术,提高运动成绩是一个重要因素。本文对影响少年短跑运动员肌肉放松训练有关的生理机制、技术特点、少年运动员的训练特点进行分析,并提出培养少年短跑运动员放松能力的训练方法及训练建议。 相似文献
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李雪艳 《哈尔滨体育学院学报》2005,23(1)
从现代短跑运动技术结构特征、运动生理学和运动心理学角度 ,分析影响短跑肌肉放松及如何尽可能地保持短跑最高速度的机制 ,并就提高短跑运动肌肉放松能力 ,对短跑教学与训练提出一些参考意见。 相似文献
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短跑放松技术是当代短跑技术的重要特征之一.为了培养优秀的短跑运动员,必须从青少年的初级训练阶段抓起,使之正确认识放松技术的意义,懂得如何辨别放松技术和掌握一些简单的训练方法. 相似文献
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Mark A. Guadagnoli PhD Lanie A. Dornier Richard D. Tandy 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(2):239-248
Abstract Because manipulations of knowledge of results (KR) are critical to motor learning, researchers have attempted to establish an optimal length for summary KR. Experiment 1 of the present study investigated the option that optimal summary length may be dependent on a subject's task-related experience. Participants in a summary 1, 5, or 15 condition practiced a simple striking task for one session on three consecutive days with each day followed by a 24-hour no KR retention test. The retention test results indicated that optimal summary length is dependent on task-related experience. Experiment 2 investigated the nature of the relationship between task-related experience and complexity and optimal summary length (summary 1, 5, or 15). Again, striking tasks (simple and complex) were used. There was one practice session with either a simple or complex striking task for either novice or experienced performers, followed by a 24-hour no KR retention test. Data from the two experiments suggest that task complexity and performer experience interact in determining optimal summary length. 相似文献
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采用实验法,研究放松状态和紧张状态下优秀运动员和普通大学生的情绪反应特点。研究发现:优秀运动员的情绪反应剖面图变化平稳,而普通大学生剖面图变化陡峭;健将级运动员在紧张应激情境下良性心境增加,负性心境减少,并且在紧张情境下情绪反应稳定,而一级运动员的情绪反应呈起伏变化的趋势。 相似文献
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This experiment investigates the recent proposal of Schmidt, Young, Swinnen, and Shapiro (1989) that summary knowledge of results (KR) improves skill retention. In Schmidt et al.'s experiment, however, summary length varied concomitantly with the frequency of KR presentation. The current investigation held KR presentation frequency constant while manipulating the number of trials seen in the summary KR display. Subjects were required to perform a timing task on a linear slide. Five groups (n = 12) of subjects participated in acquisition trials then in 10-min and 2-day delayed no-KR retention tests. In 4 conditions, subjects completed each acquisition block without any KR, but following each block they received KR on either 15, 7, 3, or 1 of the 15 trials performed in that block. In the final condition subjects received immediate KR. Analysis of the absolute constant error (magnitude of CE) data for acquisition revealed all groups improved with practice and the immediate KR group performed better than all the summary groups which in turn did not differ significantly. Analysis of the magnitude of CE retention data found performance to be worse on the 2-day retention test for all groups. The effect of condition was significant. The 1/1 group had lower error scores than all other groups, which in turn were not significantly different. Analyses of variable error (VE) revealed only that VE decreased with practice. These findings suggest frequency of KR presentation may be the basis for the summary KR effect found by Schmidt et al. (1989). 相似文献
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蒋志学 《哈尔滨体育学院学报》2014,32(5):1-5
科技备战工作是2014年索契冬奥会备战工作的重要组成部分,并取得了较好的成绩.召开2014年索契冬奥会科技工作总结会,目的是对获得索契冬奥会科研攻关与科技服务项目贡献奖的科研项目进行表彰,对在本次工作中做出突出贡献的单位和个人进行表扬.2014年索契冬奥会科技备战工作总结会主要对冬奥会科技备战工作的基本情况,工作取得的成效和经验以及具体问题与不足进行了全面分析.本总结会得到总局领导的关心和支持,得到总局各司局的协调和帮助,体现了总局对广大科研人员的关心和对体育科技工作的重视. 相似文献
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John S. Croucher 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(3):285-288
Abstract Summary knowledge of results (KR) involves delaying the presentation of KR until a predetermined number of trials has been completed. Schmidt, Young, Swinnen, and Shapiro (1989) found an optimal summary length of 15 trials (compared to 1, 5, and 10) and Schmidt, Lange, and Young (1990) found an optimum length of 5 trials (compared to 1, 10, and 15) for 1 and 2 kinematic degree of freedom timing tasks, respectively. Experiment 1 was designed to determine the optimal summary length for learning a simple isometric force production task. The results indicated better retention for the 16-trial summary than for 8- or 1-trial summaries. Experiment 2 was an initial attempt to determine the locus of the 16-trial summary effect. Specifically, Experiment 2 focused on the role played by both the information provided in the summary presentations and the practice per se of the first 14 trials in the 16-trial block. The results suggest KR is important to ensure response stability. However, it also appears important to restrict the subject's immediate utilization of KR. This latter requirement may potentially aid the parameterization process, resulting in a reduction in response bias. 相似文献
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Summary knowledge of results (KR) involves delaying the presentation of KR until a predetermined number of trials has been completed. Schmidt, Young, Swinnen, and Shapiro (1989) found an optimal summary length of 15 trials (compared to 1, 5, and 10) and Schmidt, Lange, and Young (1990) found an optimum length of 5 trials (compared to 1, 10, and 15) for 1 and 2 kinematic degree of freedom timing tasks, respectively. Experiment 1 was designed to determine the optimal summary length for learning a simple isometric force production task. The results indicated better retention for the 16-trial summary than for 8- or 1-trial summaries. Experiment 2 was an initial attempt to determine the locus of the 16-trial summary effect. Specifically, Experiment 2 focused on the role played by both the information provided in the summary presentations and the practice per se of the first 14 trials in the 16-trial block. The results suggest KR is important to ensure response stability. However, it also appears important to restrict the subject's immediate utilization of KR. This latter requirement may potentially aid the parameterization process, resulting in a reduction in response bias. 相似文献
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Anderson R Harrison A Lyons GM 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2005,4(2):179-195
The training and competition regimen of elite athletes demands rapid feedback about their performance. The aim of this study was to determine if real-time visual ipsative (comparison with oneself) feedback of instantaneous kinematic consistency improves overall kinematic consistency in rowing. Accelerometry-based data, representing the upper and lower body kinematics, were determined for 13 experienced rowers. Kinematic consistency data -- represented by percentage time outside the acceptable performance bandwidth, performance consistency -- represented by power-stroke dispersion, and several performance indicators were acquired for all the rowers for three 2000 m time trials on a RowPerfect ergometer with three different visual feedback interventions: no feedback, detailed feedback, and summary feedback. Results indicated significantly increased performance consistency for detailed feedback than for both no feedback (p < 0.01) and summary feedback (p < 0.05). No significant difference between summary feedback and no feedback was found (p = 0.173). We deemed feedback of detailed information to enhance kinematic consistency significantly more than both no feedback (p < 0.01) and summary feedback (p < 0.01) interventions, although summary feedback was shown to enhance kinematic consistency more than no feedback (p < 0.01). No improvements were found for performance-related parameters. 相似文献
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