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1.
贵州黔东古为荆楚黔中,属湘、黔、鄂、渝、桂五省(市)边境内的武陵地区。武陵山脉的主峰梵净山就坐落在黔东的印江、江口和松桃三县交界处。发源于瓮安的舞水和发源于都匀斗篷山的清水江等大小川流由西向东经黔东而出湖南汇入“古沅水”,最后注入洞庭湖。洞庭湖及其西南广大地区,即武陵“五溪”地域,是中华文明的发祥地,是贵州文明文化的最早源头。特别是原属湖南会同的天柱、锦屏是七千年前的炎帝神农之故里,是伏羲、少嗥、颛顼、吴回和共工等古代帝王和英雄豪杰的最早家园;是中华龙风文化、白陶文化、中华天文历法、中华易学、中华文字和冷兵器等的原发地。  相似文献   

2.
关于中国古代城市兴起和发展的概况   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
中国古代城市的兴起是同手工业和商业的发展分不开的;它是阶级对抗社会的产物,往往又是全国的或区域的政治文化的中心。古代传说里的神农时代,“日中为市,致天下之民,聚天下之货,交易而退’.如果这传说可信的话,这是中国最古老的集市,但那只是氏族部落之间的定期交换,还没有形成为古代的城市。近年来,中国科学院在郑州地区考古发掘的结果,发现了商代治制铜器作坊的遗址,规模很大。然而,它的产品当时大都直接供贵族们使用,并不是商  相似文献   

3.
一 中华民族是一个素以历史悠久、文化发达著称于世的民族。大约170万年前,我国便进入了人类社会的最初形态——原始社会。据《吕氏春秋·持君览》记载:“昔太古尝无君矣,其民聚生群处,知母不知父。无亲戚、兄弟、夫妻、男女之别,无上下、长幼之道,无进退、揖让之礼,无衣服、履带、宫室、畜积之便,无器械、舟车、城郭、险阻之备”。这里所描述的“太古”时代,就是人类第一个社会形态——原始社会。那时无阶级压迫,实行生产资料公有制。当原始社会进入到一定阶段时,氏族制确立了。当氏族制发展至一定阶段时,若干互相通婚的氏族,组成部落。为了扩大奴隶、则富和领地,氏族部落之间发生频繁战争。在战争中一些利害与共的部落联合起来,结成部落联盟。参加联盟的各氏族部落首领,组成联盟议事会。由联盟议事会选举产生部落联盟首领并决定重大事务。  相似文献   

4.
中国古书上,把伏羲、女娲、神农称为"三皇",把太嗥、炎帝、黄帝、少嗥、颛顼称为"五帝".其实"三皇五帝"都是象征性的人物,是想象中的氏族部落或部落联盟的领袖。关于"三皇五帝"的记载,虽然是一些美丽动人的神话,却能反映原始社会氏族和部落的历史。  相似文献   

5.
关于刑罚的起源问题,是历史研究中的一个重要课题。学术界流行着一种观点,认为刑罚起源于战争,在氏族社会晚期,用战争手段杀戮敌人、惩罚战俘和被征服者,即是刑罚的最早施用,后来才用刑罚惩处氏族部落内部成员,并将此视为中国法制起源的一大特点,称之为“刑起于兵”或“刑出于兵”。笔者认为,这一观点是对古文献资料的误解所致,且不符合法制起源的历史实际,很有商讨之必要。  相似文献   

6.
河洛文化是以洛阳为中心的古代黄河和洛水交汇地区的物质与精神文化的总和.以三皇、五帝以及他(她)们的氏族或部落创造的物质及精神文化,显示了史前河洛文化的辉煌.以及河洛在中国文明起源至形成史上的重要地位.  相似文献   

7.
一九八四年全国高等学校招生统一考试历史试题某些答案和评分标准似有不妥之处,谨提出三点质疑,以供参考。第一,填图题答案欠科学。题目要求“在图上相应位置写出古代亚非文明发源地五大河流的名称”,并规定黄河与长江只能填黄河,如“与长江并填不给分”。距今约七千年的河姆渡遗址证明我们的祖先不仅在黄河流域,同样也在长江流域创造了灿烂的原始文化。《中国历史》第一册教学参考书也说:“教材关于七千年前河姆渡氏族的叙述,强调它与半坡氏族处于同一时代……它的发现打破了过去的传统看法,江南的文化发展一向较晚。河姆渡氏族遗址证明长江流域也很早孕育着中华民族的古老文化”。可见,黄河和长江都是中国古代文明的发源地,填图题答案应是黃河与  相似文献   

8.
在素有“衣冠王国”之称的中国,服饰的起源最早可以追溯到1.8万年前.北京周口店山顶洞人遗址和其他一些地区遗址发现的骨针和骨锥,证实古代先民已经初步懂得了缝纫技术.这一时期,以砾石、鱼骨、蚌壳等为原料略作加工的头饰与颈饰也出现了.原始图腾崇拜的绘身、纹面、统理发式则是另一种重要的装饰类型.  相似文献   

9.
赫拉康坡里遗址位于尼罗河第一瀑布以北大约六十公里的河谷地带,是埃及前王朝时代末期的重要文化遗址之一。弄清该遗址的社会性质,对于确定众说纷纭的埃及国家产生的时间及最初国家的形式具有十分重要的意义。本文主要根据赫拉康坡里遗址的规模、墓葬和出土的文物,试就其遗址的社会性质作一初步探讨。从赫拉康坡里遗址的规模来看——考古学者巴赛尔认为,赫拉康坡里遗址的面积大约为五万零八百平方米左右,人口大约为四千七百人至一万人,尚没有防御的城墙,是一个以农业为主要经济部门的村落遗址。根据世界各地区古代和近现代的关于氏族的资料来看,氏族的规模有大有小,大者数百人,甚至上千人,小者也有数十人,一般来讲在一百人至二百人左右。例如,古希腊的雅典人氏族和罗马人氏族就大致如此。部落所含有的氏族数也有少有多,少者两  相似文献   

10.
一、中国古代史内容概述中国古代史开始于一百七十万年前的元谋人,结束于1840年鸦片战争爆发前夕,包括原始社会、奴隶社会和封建社会三个发展阶段。一百七十万年前,中国境内已经出现了人类。经过远古社会和尧舜禹传说时代,原始人类完成了从氏族、部落到国家的发展。公元前  相似文献   

11.
《海外英语》2007,(5):44-45
It is worthy of noting that, whilst Crookston Castle witnessed the earlier and happier portion of Mary's variegated life,  相似文献   

12.
一、吃和喝吃苹果 eat an apple, 吃药 take medicine,吃糖 have some sweets,吃饭 have one's meals,吃馆子 dine out,吃惊 be surprised/  相似文献   

13.
《海外英语》2007,(5):10-11
Many college freshmen arrive woefully unprepared to do college work, and as disadvantaged populations continue to grow, the share of the American work force that has made it through college is expected to plummet. Many experts blame that educational failure not just on high schools but also on colleges. School & College, a special report by The Chronicle, looks at efforts to fix the system. What reforms would better prepare students for college? What should schools and colleges be doing differently? How should state and federal officials help?  相似文献   

14.
The communication of people partially is the communication of cultures. Culture has a direct effect on international commercial activities in all aspects. Different conceptions about time, space, equality, law and the like, lead people to deal with things in different ways. So to know cultures of the counterpart is to facil-itate our enterprises so as to have a smooth and successful communication in commercial activity.  相似文献   

15.
《海外英语》2007,(4):36
There are numbers of crossroads on our long and unpredictable life journey where we totally have no idea about which direction to choose. No matter what our decision is, we should not turn back, but face the music and go ahead instead. I am this kind of girl who always does try without regretting, one example is how I dealt with my love.  相似文献   

16.
王菲 《华章》2007,(12):273-273
Migration occurs behind a variety of reasons and has a great effect on the whole world. People may migrate in order to improve their economic situation, or in order to escape civil strife, persecution, and environmental disasters. The impact of migration is complex, bringing both benefits anddisadvantages. This paper briefly talks about the causes of migration, the allocation of benefits, and the ways in which individual countries and the international community deal with this important subject.  相似文献   

17.
裴水妹 《华章》2007,(11):196
Sister Carrie is one of the most controversial characters in American literature.Thought as a "fallen woman" firstly,she was defined as a "new woman" by some critics later. However, by digging into the motivaton behind the whole process of Carrie's "success", the relationship between Carrie and her creator (the author), the social conditions of then American, it can be found that Carrie has never been free-standing on her thought and she has never found her real-sdf even after becoming a famous actress. In a society dominated by mass consumerism Carrie is only an adherent of her own desires. She also is a representative of all those country girls flooded into cities, a symbol and a sacrifice of the urbanization of America in a time countryside was overcome by cities.  相似文献   

18.
19.
1.IntroductionOne-cyclecontrolmethod,whichwasproposedaboutonedecadeago[1],hasbecomeanattractivemethodinspecialfieldssuchaspowerfactorcorrection[2-6],switchingamplifiers[7,8],etc.Themainideaofthiscontrollerisbasedonintegrationofdiodevoltageinone-cycleandforcesittobeexactlyequaltothereferencevalue.Themainadvantageofthiscontrollerisitsrealtimeabilitytorejectthevariationofinputvoltage[1].Despitethisgreatability,ithasnogoodperformancesinrejectingofloaddisturbanceandfollowingreferencecommands.Espec…  相似文献   

20.
风的曲线     
Rosco and I wait for the fishermen to return.I sit at a wooden bench near the store at Mt.Baker Resort and watch the clouds change shape. Rosco has my belt around his neck and an eight foot tow chain hooked to a tree. Dogs must be on a leash. Ducks and rabbits are loose.  相似文献   

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