共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Effects of breakfast with different calorigenic amounts on blood glucose,insulin and glucagon levels
SUBJECTSANDMETHODSSubjectsTwenty four 2 1to 2 4yearsoldhealthymedi calstudentsenrolledinZhejiangUniversityCol legeofMedicinevolunteeredforthestudy .Theyconsistedof1 1malesand 1 3femalesweightsallwithinthenormalrangefortheirheightaccordingtoChinesenorms.Me… 相似文献
2.
目的：观察诺和锐30特充对2型糖尿病患者血浆C-反应蛋白的影响。方法：选择80例2型糖尿病病人,随机分为诺和锐治疗组及诺和灵30R治疗组,诺和锐为餐前即刻皮下注射,诺和灵30R为餐前30min皮下注射,观察两组病人治疗前后餐前、餐后血糖及血浆C-反应蛋白（C-reactive protein,CRP）情况。结果：诺和锐治疗组餐后血糖水平低于诺和灵30R组（P〈0.01）,诺和锐治疗组治疗后C反应蛋白水平明显低于诺和灵30R治疗组（P〈0.01）。结论：对于2型糖尿病患者,诺和锐疗效优于诺和灵30R,而且可以显著降低血浆CRP的水平。 相似文献
3.
梅晓霞 《金华职业技术学院学报》2012,12(3):87-89
目的：观察个体化饮食干预疗法对妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）的治疗作用;方法：将确诊为GDM的50例孕妇随机分为观察组及对照组,观察两组治疗前后的血糖水平及胰岛素用量等的变化;结果：出院时观察组空腹血糖（FPG）、餐后2小时血糖（p2hBG）、血糖迭标时每日胰岛素总量及住院期阍出现低血糖次数较对照组均有明显下降（P〈0．05）;结论：个体化饮食干预治疗对GDM患者血糖有较好的控制效果。 相似文献
4.
研究小鼠禁食不同时间及注射胰岛素导致小鼠休克时血糖的变化,并观察酸性生理盐水稀释胰岛素对低血糖休克出现时间及血糖值有无影响.结果表明,小鼠分别禁食12﹑18﹑22﹑24h时的血糖值之间无明显差异（P〉0.05）,在各组小鼠注射胰岛素后,血糖均明显下降（P〈0.05）,但各组下降后的血糖值之间无明显差异（P〉0.05）;不同剂量的胰岛素或是否用酸性生理盐水稀释胰岛素,注射后出现休克的时间及休克时各组小鼠血糖值之间无明显差异（P〉0.05）. 相似文献
5.
Neil Morris Peter Sarll 《Educational research; a review for teachers and all concerned with progress in education》2013,55(2):201-207
Low blood sugar level resulting from fasting has been shown to reduce performance on a number of cognitive tasks. In this study, 80 non-diabetic A-level students missed breakfast. They completed a version of Daneman and Carpenter's Listening Span Test at 9.00 a.m. Half were then given a drink containing glucose, while the other half received a saccharine drink matched for taste. After 20 minutes, both groups completed another form of the Listening Span Test. A subset of the sample had their blood glucose levels determined immediately before the drink and again before the second application of the test. Blood glucose levels did not change, but listening span performance significantly improved after a glucose drink yet not after a saccharine drink. It is concluded that missing breakfast does not seriously affect blood sugar levels in healthy young students, but listening span performance which is a good predictor of listening comprehension is improved when fasting individuals imbibe a glucose-rich drink, although not when a saccharine drink is drunk. Ideally students should eat breakfast, but if this is omitted, then a glucose snack or drink before the first class may reverse any adverse effects. 相似文献
6.
Research on the protection effect of pioglitazone for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease （NAFLD） in rats 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
Objective： The prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease （NAFLD） has markedly increased. Insulin resistance has been implicated in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. This study was aimed at observing the relationship between insulin resistance and NAFLD, and evaluating the role of pioglitazone （PGZ） acting as insulin-sensitizing agents in the prevention and treatment of rat fatty liver induced by high fat feeding. Methods： The rats were separated randomly into 6 groups： model group Ⅰ were fed high fat diet for 8 weeks, PGZ prevention group were given PGZ 4 mg/（kg.d） simultaneously, while control group Ⅰ were fed normal food for 8 weeks; model group Ⅱ were fed high fat diet for 16 weeks, PGZ treatment group were given PGZ 4 mg/（kg.d） orally simultaneous with high fat diet for 8 weeks after high fat feeding for 8 weeks, control group Ⅱ were fed normal food for 16 weeks. The rats were sacrificed after 8 weeks and 16 weeks respectively. Liver weight, body weight, serum activities of alanine aminotransferase （ALT）, aspartate aminotransferase （AST）, alkaline phosphatase （ALP）, tumor necrosis factor alpha （TNF-α）, fasting blood glucose （FBG）, fasting plasma insulin （FINS）, HOMA （homeostasis model assessment） insulin resistance index （HOMA-IR）, and the liver histology of rats of all groups were assayed. Results： After 8 weeks, the liver in model group Ⅰ showed typical steatosis, accompanied with mild to moderate lobular inflammatory cell infiltration, liver indexes and serum levels of ALT, AST, ALP, TNF-α were significantly increased （P〈0.05） compared with control group Ⅰ. Whereas, the degree of hepatic injury was attenuated in PGZ prevention group, liver indexes and serum levels of ALT, ALP were significantly decreased （P〈0.05） compared with model group Ⅰ. After 16 weeks, notable steatosis, and lobular inflammation were observed in model group Ⅱ rat liver, while the degree of hepatic injury was attenuated in the PGZ treatment group. Liver index, serum levels ofALT, AST, ALP, FINS and HOMA-IR were significantly increased （P〈0.05） in model group Ⅱ compared with control group Ⅱ. Whereas, in PGZ treatment group, serum levels of AST and FINS showed decreasing tendency, liver indexes, serum levels of ALT, ALP, TNF-α and HOMA-IR were significantly decreased compared with model group Ⅱ. Conclusion： Insulin resistance plays a role in the pathogenesis of NAFLD in rats. Pioglitazone can attenuate insulin resistance and biochemical and histological injury in high fat-induced fatty liver in rats. 相似文献
7.
Yang Li Hang Yan Wu-jun Xue Pu-xun Tian Xiao-ming Ding Xiao-ming Pan Xin-shun Feng Xiao-hui Tian He-li Xiang Jun Hou 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2009,10(11):820-828
Objective: To explore the effects of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection on rejection-related gene expression in the endothelial cells of renal transplantation recipients. Methods: Endothelial cells (ECs) were cultured and stimulated by a variety of factors: A, normal control group; B, inactivated human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection group; C, HCMV infection group; D, HCMV supematant infection group; and E, ganciclovir HCMV group. Expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and major histocompability complex (MHC) class Ⅰ and class Ⅱ antigens was detected by flow cytometry (FCM) and immuno-histochemistry. Results: We found characteristic CMV-infected ECs in this study. There were no significant differences among groups A, B and D (P>0.05). Although the expression levels of ICAM-1 were not significantly different between groups C and E (P>0.05), the ICAM-1 expression in these two groups was significantly higher than that in group A (P<0.05). ICAM-1 expression was detected in groups C and E, while there was no expression in groups A, B and D. Furthermore, there was no significant difference of ICAM-1 mRNA expression between groups C and E (P>0.05). Human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-ABC expression was detected in all the groups, while HLA-DR expression was only detected in groups C and E. There were no significant dif-ferences of HLA-ABC and HLA-DR expression among groups A, B and D (P>0.05). However, the HLA-ABC and HLA-DR expression levels in groups C and D were higher than those of the remaining groups previously reported (P<0.05). Meanwhile, the HLA-ABC and HLA-DR expression levels in group E were lower than those of group C (P<0.05). Conclusion: CMV could up-regulate the expression levels of ICAM-1 and MHC antigens, which was closely related to allograft rejection. 相似文献
8.
Study on the neurotoxic effects of low-level lead exposure in rats 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
Objective: To investigate effects of developmental lead exposure on nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity in different brain regions and on N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor mRNA expression in the hippocampus of rats. On the basis of these observations, we explored possible mechanisms by which lead exposure leads to impaired learning and memorizing abilities in children. Methods: A series of rat animal models exposed to low levels of lead during the developing period was established (drinking water containing 0.025%, 0.05% and 0.075% lead acetate). NOS activities in the hippocampus, the cerebral cortex, the cerebellum and the brain stem were determined with fluorescence measurement and levels of mRNA expression of the NMDA receptor 2A (NR2A) subunit and NMDA receptor 2B (NR2B) subunit in the rat hippocampus were measured with Retro-translation (RT-PCR). Results: There were no differences in the body weight of rat pups between any of the groups at any given time (P>0.05). The blood lead level of Pb-exposed rat pups showed a systematic pattern of change: at 14 d of age, it was lower than that at 7 d of age, then rising to the peak level at 21 d and finally falling to lower levels at 28 d. The hippocampal NOS activities of lead-exposed groups were all lower than that of the control group on the 21st and 28th day (P<0.01). NOS activities in the cerebellum of lead-exposed groups were all lower than that of the control group on the 21st and 28th day (P<0.001) and the NOS activity of the 0.025% group was significantly lower than that of the 0.05% and 0.075% groups on the 28th day (P<0.05). NOS activity in the cerebral cortex of the 0.075% group was significantly lower than that of the control, 0.025% and 0.05% groups on the four day spans (P<0.001). There was no significant difference of NOS activity in the brain stem between any lead-exposed group and the control group on the four day spans. In the 0.05% and the 0.075% groups, the level of NR2A mRNA expression was higher than that in the control group at 7 d and 14 d of age (P<0.05). In the 0.025% group, the level of NR2A was found to be higher than that in the control group at 7 d of age only (P<0.05). No significant differences were found for the levels of NR2B mRNA expression between any of the groups at any given time. Conclusions: NOS activity in the hippocampus, the cerebral cortex and the cerebellum are inhibited by lead exposure. The degree of the inhibitory effect depends on the time span of exposure and the lead concentration. Developmental low-level lead exposure was found to raise the level of NR2A mRNA expression in the hippocampus of rats. Developmental low-level lead exposure does not affect the level of NR2B mRNA expression in the hippocampus. 相似文献
9.
朱海燕 《泰州职业技术学院学报》2010,10(3):29-30,59
目的观察慢性充血性心力衰竭（CHF）患者的血胰岛素和糖代谢变化,并探讨依那普利对CHF患者胰岛素敏感性的影响。方法CHF患者69例,依那普利（n=37）（第一周10mg,1次／d,后三周20mg,1次／d）和地高辛（n=32）（第一周0．25mg,1次／d,后三周0．125mg,1次／d）,治疗前和治疗4周后检测空腹血糖（FPG）、空腹血清胰岛素（FINS）和空腹血清C肽（CP）水平,并计算出FPG／FINS比值、胰岛素敏感性指数IAI值[IAI=－ln（FPG×FINS）]作为机体胰岛素敏感性评价指标,分别比较两组患者治疗前后的胰岛素敏感性变化。结果治疗4周后,依那普利组CHF患者的胰岛素敏感性显著增加,而地高辛组患者胰岛素敏感性无显著变化。结论依那普利有改善CHF患者IR的作用。 相似文献
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本文观察了49例基底节区出血量与血糖,血脂和血压的关系。结果表明,基底节区出血量与急性期血糖、甘油三酯呈正相关,r分别为0.533(P<0.01)及0.43(P<0.05)。而与血胆固醇、病后12h血压、高血压病程无相关性(P>0.05)。 相似文献
11.
目的：分析空腹和餐后,有氧运动对II糖尿病患者血浆脂蛋白特性、前B1一HDL浓度、体外HDL,清除巨噬细胞胆固醇和抑制LDL氧化能力的作用。方法：受试者分为三组,健康对照组（A,n=11）;II糖尿病运动组（B,n=11）;II糖尿病不运动组（C,n=11）。A和B组进行4个月的有氧运动。所有受试者都进行一次脂肪餐负荷试验以分析各种参数的基础值和最后值。结果：运动没有改变体重、BMI、血浆总胆固醇、LDL、HDL、TG、胰岛素浓度和HOMA—IR,但是降低了腰围。HDL3没有变化,有氧运动没有改变其清除细胞胆固醇的能力。糖尿病患者进行有氧运动能改善饥饿状态下HDL,阻止LDL最大氧化率能力的15％,降低餐后血浆前β1-HDL浓度,表明增加前β1-HDL向大的、更加成熟的HDL转化。就此而言,规律的有氧运动增加健康人空腹和餐后的HDL2和TG,增加糖尿病患者空腹时HDL2和TG。结论：研究结果显示糖尿病患者进行有氧运动改善HDL抑制LDL氧化的效力,帮助HDL成熟。这个结果不依赖于胰岛素抵抗的改变和血浆HDL浓度的变化。 相似文献
12.
陈洁 《武汉职业技术学院学报》2014,(5):96-98
目的:观察姜黄素对胰岛素抵抗(IR)大鼠糖脂代谢及血清脂肪细胞因子的影响,探讨姜黄素干预IR的作用机制。方法:采用高脂饲料喂养,建立IR大鼠模型。将IR大鼠随机分为3组:模型组、吡咯列酮组和姜黄素组。给药4周后测定空腹血糖、胰岛素、血脂、TN F-α、Leptin等指标。结果:模型组大鼠血清FIN S、TC、TG和LDL水平均较空白组显著升高,而ISI及HDL水平显著下降;血清TN F-α、Leptin及FFA水平也较空白组明显升高;用姜黄素干预后,大鼠ISI较模型组显著升高,血脂得到改善,FINS、TNF-α、Leptin及FFA水平均显著下降。结论:姜黄素可改善IR大鼠糖脂代谢紊乱,增加胰岛素的敏感性,其机制可能与其调节脂肪细胞因子TNF-α、Leptin的分泌有关。 相似文献
13.
This paper examines the impact of the implementation of a universal free school breakfast policy on meals program participation, attendance, and academic achievement. In 2003, New York City made school breakfast free for all students regardless of income, while increasing the price of lunch for those ineligible for meal subsidies. Using a difference-in-difference estimation strategy, we derive plausibly causal estimates of the policy's impact by exploiting within and between group variation in school meal pricing before and after the policy change. Our estimates suggest that the policy resulted in small increases in breakfast participation both for students who experienced a decrease in the price of breakfast and for free-lunch eligible students who experienced no price change. The latter suggests that universal provision may alter behavior through mechanisms other than price, highlighting the potential merits of universal provision over targeted services. We find limited evidence of policy impacts on academic outcomes. 相似文献
14.
目的:观察脂肪肝大鼠在生化、病理、脂肪代谢、细胞因子、胰岛素及瘦素各方面指标的变化.方法:雄性Wistar大鼠22只,按体重层次随机分为2组,对照组(A)11只,脂肪肝组(B)11只.对照组饲以普通鼠饲料,脂肪肝组饲以高脂饲料.8周后,全部处死,取血及肝组织,测定血中AIT、AST、TG、CHO、INS、FBS、FFA、Ieptin、II-6、TNF.肝组织匀浆测定肝组织TC,TG,SOD、MDA,观察肝脏组织学变化.结果:脂肪肝大鼠存在明显脂肪代谢紊乱,肝功能异常,胰岛素抵抗及瘦素表达增高;细胞因子升高.结论:实验性高脂饮食脂肪肝大鼠存在瘦素抵抗及胰岛素抵抗. 相似文献
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16.
Bo ZHU Zhixin MA Yuning ZHU Lei FANG Hong ZHANG Hongwei KONG Dajing XIA 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2021,22(3):223-232
Gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM) is characterized by glycemia and insulin disorders.Bile acids(BAs) have emerged as vital signaling molecules in glucose metabolic regulation.BA change in GDM is still unclear,which exerts great significance to illustrate the change of BAs in GDM.GDM patients and normal pregnant women were enrolled during the oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT) screening period.Fasting serums were sampled for the measurement of BAs.BA metabolism profiles were analyzed in both pregnant women with GDM and those with normal glucose tolerance(NGT).Delivery characteristics,delivery gestational age,and infant birthweight were extracted from medical records.GDM patients presented distinctive features compared with NGT patients,including higher body mass index(BMI),elevated serum glucose concentration,raised insulin(both fasting and OGTT),and increased hemoglobin A1 c(HbA1c) levels.Higher homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance(HOMA-IR) and decreased β-cell compensation(i.e.,oral disposition index(DIo)) were also prevalent in this group.Total BAs(TBAs) remained stable,but glycodeoxycholic acid(GDCA) and taurodeoxycholic acid(TDCA) levels declined significantly in GDM.GDCA was inversely correlated with HOMA-IR and positively correlated with DIo.No obvious differences in clinical outcome between the GDM and NGT groups were observed.However,GDM patients with high HOMA-IR and low DIo tended to have a higher cesarean delivery rate and younger delivery gestational age.In conclusion,GDCA provides a valuable biomarker to evaluate HOMA-IR and DIo, and decreased GDCA levels predict poorer clinical outcomes for GDM. 相似文献
17.
Objective： To observe the value of HbA1c level evaluating the total daily basal insulin dose by continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion （CSII） in 268 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, Methods： 5-point capillary blood glucose was monitored in pre- and post-CSII and the insulin dose which could stabilize blood glucose was defined as the total daily dose of insulin, including basal and bolus total dose. Correlation between HbA1c level and total daily dose of insulin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus was analyzed. Correlation between HbA1c level and 5-point capillary blood glucose was also analyzed. Results： Obvious correlation was observed between HbA1c level and the basal total daily dose of insulin if HbA1c was more than 9.3% （r=0.635, P〈0.05）. The average of 5-point capillary blood glucose was best correlated with HbA1c and fasting blood glucose next best. Conclusion： HbA1c level can forecast basal total daily dose of insulin in CSII. 相似文献
18.
探讨运动对糖耐量减低（IGT）患者血清抵抗素、脂联素和胰岛素敏感性的影响．56名中老年IGT患者随机分为3组：对照组（18例）、健步走组（19例）、健步走＋抗阻力组（19例）,健步走组采取24周健步走运动处方锻炼．健步走＋抗阻力组采取健步走和抗阻力运动相结合的运动处方锻炼,运动干预前后采用放射免疫法测定血清胰岛素、抵抗素、血清脂联素。计算胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA-IR）．健步走组、健步走＋抗阻力组的抵抗素、脂联素和HOMA-IR与对照组相比均有极其显著性差异（P〈0．01）;健步走组与健步走＋抗阻力组的抵抗素和HOMA-IR与健步走组相比无显著性差异（P〉0．05）,脂联素比较有极其显著性差异（P〈0．01）．运动可改善IGT患者的代谢水平．健步走＋抗阻力运动对脂联素的影响较单纯健步走更为明显． 相似文献
19.
通过对长沙市2095名小学生进行问卷调查,发现长沙市小学生存在对早餐认识不到位,早餐行为现状令人堪忧,学校早餐营养健康知识教育欠缺等问题。针对这些问题,我们可采取加强小学生早餐营养健康知识教育,培养良好的饮食行为习惯,促进健康饮食;提倡课间加餐,缓解课间饥饿;适当推迟上学时间,预留就餐时间;实施“校园早餐计划”等措施。 相似文献
20.
This study was aimed at evaluating the daily vitamin intakes of senile diabetics whose diets were self-selected in order to apply the data obtained to prevent and treat senile Type 2 diabetics effectively. The daily vitamin intakes of 43 Type 2 diabetics (group A) and 43 healthy non-diabetics (group B) as revealed by their answer to a questionnaire were evaluated by computer analysis and compared with the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA). The data obtained in this study showed that the daily vitamin B1 and B2 intakes in both groups were obviously low, less the 50% of RDA; and that in group A was lower than that in group B. The daily intakes of vitamin E and A were significantly different between group A and group B (P<0.01 for vitamin E and P<0.05 for vitamin A). So the vitamin intakes of the senile diabetics with their self-selected diets were inadequate. The author suggests that it is necessary to give a scientific guide for the diets of senile diabetics. If the vitamin intake from foods is inadequate, vitamin supplements should be given to prevent complications. 相似文献