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1.
观察微量推注泵输注双异丙酚在全麻诱导插管期间脑电双频谱指数(BIS)和血液动力学的变化。把40例择期行腹部手术病人随机分成2组,每组各20例,Ⅰ组为老年人组,Ⅱ组为成年人组。结果表明:两组病例气管插管前及气管插管后BIS、SBP、DBP及RPP均较麻醉诱导前低(P!0.01),两组间气管插管前及气管插管后BIS、SBP、DBP及RPP变化差异无统计学意义;麻醉诱导期间的心率变化各参数差异无统计学意义。微量推注泵静脉输注国产双异丙酚复合咪达唑仑、拘橼酸芬太尼和罗库溴铵用于全麻诱导插管,不论在成年人或老年人均可维持足够的麻醉深度,并可减轻或消除气管插管时心血管的不良反应。 相似文献
2.
目的：比较瑞芬太尼和芬太尼分别复合丙泊酚对患者全麻诱导期心血管反应的影响。方法：60例胆囊切除术患者随机分为F组（芬太尼复合丙泊酚麻醉）和R组（瑞芬太尼复合丙泊酚麻醉）。入室后常规监测心率（HR）、无创血压（SBP、DBP和MBP）、脉搏血氧饱和度（SPO2）。分别记录入室后（T0）、气管插管前即刻（T1）、气管插管后1min（T2）和5min（T3）时患者的HR、SBP、MBP、DBP数值。结果：两组患者基础值差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。患者诱导前后自身比较,在插管后1min时,F组患者的HR、SBP、MBP、DBP各数值均显著上升,同时R组各指标差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。组间比较,R组患者T1、T2、L时的HR、SBP、MBP、DBP均显著低于F组差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论：相比芬太尼,瑞芬太尼可显著抑制患者全麻诱导期的心血管反应。 相似文献
3.
Objective: To evaluate the predictive performance of ‘Diprifusor‘ TCI (target-controlled infusion) system for its better application in clinical anesthesia. Methods: The predictive performance of a ‘Diprifusor‘ TCI system was investigated in 27 Chinese patients (16 males and 11 females) during upper abdominal surgery under total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) with propofol/fentanyl. Measured arterial propofol concentrations were compared with the values predicted by the TCI infusion system.Performance was determined by the median performance error (MDPE), the median absolute performance error (MDAPE), the divergence (the percentage change of the absolute PE with time), and the wobble (the median absolute deviation of each PE from the MDPE). Results: The median (range) values of 14.9% (-21.6%～42.9%) for MDPE, 23.3% (6.9%～62.5%) for MDAPE, -1.9% h^-1(-32.7%～23.0% h^-1) for divergence, and 18.9% (4.2%～59.6%) for wobble were obtained from 227 samples from all patients.For the studied population, the PE did not increase with time but with increasing target propofol concentration, particularly following induction. Conclusions: The control of depth of anaesthesia was good in all patients undergoing upper abdominal surgical operation and the predictive performance of the ‘Diprifusor‘ target controlled infusion system was considered acceptable for clinical purposes. But the relatively bigger wobble showed that the pharmacokinetic model is not so suitable and requires improvement. 相似文献
4.
目的观察布托啡诺复合丙泊酚麻醉在无痛人工流产手术中的应用。方法选择60例无痛人工流产手术的患者随机分为三组,布托啡诺＋丙泊酚组（A组）、舒芬太尼＋丙泊酚组（B组）、单纯丙泊酚组（C组）,每组20例。观察记录各组术前、术中、术后3min的SBP、DBP、HR、Sp02,同时记录苏醒时间及丙泊酚用量。结果与术前比较,三组患者术中SBP、DBP下降、HR．减慢（P〈0．05）,与C组比较,A、B组患者术后3minSBP、DBP下降、HR减慢明显（P〈0．05）,且A组与B组比较,各时间点的SBP、DBP、HR的差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。A组的唤醒时间短于B、C组（P〈0．05）,丙泊酚用量A、B组明显少于C组（P〈0．05）。结论布托啡诺复合丙泊酚应用于无痛人工流产手术麻醉,可明显减少丙泊酚的用量,麻醉效果确切,术毕苏醒迅速而安全。 相似文献
5.
目的：比较SOS与直接喉镜在合并有门齿状况的老年患者气管插管中的安全性与成功率。方法：选择全麻插管下行择期手术的老年患者80例,其中门齿松动者27例,门齿残缺者32例,门齿孤立牙者21例,随机均分为SOS组（S组）和直接喉镜组（Z组）。记录并对比两组插管次数、插管时间和插管并发症情况。结果：S组患者均能一次性快速经口气管插管成功（100%）,明显高于Z组（45%）,而且Z组12例（25%）患者3次插管不成功改用SOS一次插管成功。S组没有一例患者因插管操作不当造成门齿损伤或脱落,而Z组有4例直接导致门齿脱落,9例导致门齿松动。S组插管时间为21（9~58）s,明显短于Z组的44（15~65）s（P〈0.05）。结论：SOS对于门齿有松动、残缺、甚至孤立牙的老年患者,插管成功率高,用时短,插管并发症少,是一种安全有效的插管方法。 相似文献
6.
[目的]:观察丙泊酚用于老年心脏病病人行口腔颌面部手术时全麻诱导并经鼻气管插管情况.[方法]:选用65例老年心脏病病人行口腔颌面部手术用丙泊酚诱导并与硫贲妥钠相对比,观察插管前及插管后1、3、5 min不同时段血液动力学指标情况.[结果]:插管前两组平均动脉压(MAP),心率(HR)无显著性差异(P>0.05);插管后1、3、5 min不同时段丙泊酚组血液动力学波动明显低于硫贲妥钠组,二者有显著差异(P<0.01).[结论]:丙泊酚用于老年心脏病人行鼻腔插管优于硫贲妥钠等药物. 相似文献
7.
研究目的:探索不同肝功能指数对镇静药咪达唑仑的敏感性以及脑电双频谱指数(BIS)的预测意识消失的影响。创新要点:明确不同肝功能状态的患者对中枢抑制药的敏感性以及BIS预测意识消失概率发生的敏感性。指导临床医生根据患者的肝功能状态合理使用中枢抑制药以及正确利用BIS预测镇定深度。研究方法:选择意识消失作为研究终点,以50%患者意识消失时的咪唑安定的浓度以及BIS值作为观察指标。重要结论:终末期肝病患者对中枢镇静药咪唑安定更敏感,该类患者在BIS预测意识消失概率发生的敏感性存在差异。 相似文献
8.
Background： Spinal hyperbaric ropivacaine may produce more predictable and reliable anesthesia than plain ropivacaine for cesarean section. The dose-response relation for spinal hyperbaric ropivacaine is undetermined. This double-blind, randomized, dose-response study determined the ED50 （50% effective dose） and ED95 （95% effective dose） of spinal hyperbaric ropivacaine for cesarean section anesthesia. Methods： Sixty parturients undergoing elective cesarean section delivery with use of combined spinal-epidural anesthesia were enrolled in this study. An epidural catheter was placed at the L1-L2 vertebral interspace then lumbar puncture was performed at the L3-L4 vertebral interspace, and parturients were randomized to receive spinal hyperbaric ropivacaine in doses of 10.5 mg, 12 mg, 13.5 mg, or 15 mg in equal volumes of 3 ml. Sensory levels （pinprick） were assessed every 2.5 min until a T7 level was achieved and motor changes were assessed by modified Bromage Score. A dose was considered effective if an upper sensory level to pin prick of T7 or above was achieved and no intraoperative epidural supplement was required. ED50 and ED95 were determined with use of a logistic regression model. Results： ED50 （95% confidence interval） of spinal hyperbaric ropivacaine was determined to be 10.37 （5.23-11.59） mg and ED95 （95% confidence interval） to be 15.39 （13.81-23.59） mg. The maximum sensory block levels and the duration of motor block and the rate of hypotension, but not onset of anesthesia, were significantly related to the ropivacaine dose. Conclusion： The ED50 and ED95 of spinal hyperbaric ropivacaine for cesarean delivery under the conditions of this study were 10.37 mg and 15.39 mg, respectively. Ropivacaine is suitable for spinal anesthesia in cesarean delivery. 相似文献
9.
Min-qiang Liu Feng-xian Li Ya-kun Han Jun-yong He Hao-wen Shi Li Liu Ren-liang He 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2017,18(11):955-962
Objective
Fentanyl-induced cough (FIC) is a common complication with a reported incidence from 18.0% to 74.4% during general anesthesia induction. FIC increases the intrathoracic pressure and risks of postoperative nausea and vomiting, yet available treatments are limited. This study was designed to investigate whether administering fentanyl via a slow intravenous fluid line can effectively alleviate FIC during induction of total intravenous general anesthesia.Methods
A total number of 1200 patients, aged 18–64 years, were enrolled, all of whom were American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) grade I or II undergoing scheduled surgeries. All patients received total intravenous general anesthesia, which was induced sequentially by midazolam, fentanyl, propofol, and cisatracurium injection. Patients were randomly assigned to receive fentanyl 3.5 μg/kg via direct injection (control group) or via a slow intravenous fluid line. FIC incidence and the severity grades were analyzed with the Mann-Whitney test. Other adverse reactions, such as hypotension, hypertension, bradycardia, tachycardia, hypoxemia, vomiting, and aspiration, during induction were also observed. The online clinical registration number of this study was ChiCTR-IOR-16009025.Results
Compared with the control group, the incidence of FIC was significantly lower in the slow intravenous fluid line group during induction (9.1%, 95% confidence interval (CI): 6.7%–11.4% vs. 55.9%, 95% CI: 51.8%–60.0%, P=0.000), as were the severity grades (P=0.000). There were no statistical differences between the two groups with regard to other adverse reactions (P>0.05).Conclusions
The administration of fentanyl via a slow intravenous fluid line can alleviate FIC and its severity during induction for total intravenous general anesthesia. This method is simple, safe, and reliable, and deserves clinical expansion.10.
Objective: The aim of this paper is to compare the propofol concentration in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in patients
scheduled for intracranial tumor removal and anaesthetized using propofol as part of a total intravenous anaesthesia technique.
Methods: Twenty-seven patients (ASA I–II) scheduled for elective intracranial tumor removal were studied. Anesthesia was induced
with 2 mg/kg propofol for 5 min and infused at 10 mg/(kg·h) for 5 min and then stopped. CSF and arterial blood were collected
simultaneously before infusion of propofol and at different time points after infusion of propofol according to bispectral
index (BIS) values. Concentrations of propofol in plasma and CSF were measured by HPLC with fluorescence detection. The correlation
coefficient and regression equation between plasma and CSF concentration of propofol were worked out by linear simple regression.
Results: The propofol CSF concentration that we measured was 1.46% of the plasma concentration. The coefficient of relation
between plasma and CSF concentration was 76.7%. Conclusions: The propofol CSF concentration was positively correlated with
and much lower than the plasma concentration. Discrepancies may result from high plasma protein binding of propofol, intracranial
pathology and sampling volume.
Project supported by Startup Foundation for Introducing Talent of Zhejiang University, China 相似文献
11.
INTRODUCTION The specific morphologic properties of choroidal epithelium and the existence of a cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)pathway for drug distribution to the central nervous system(CNS)suggest that the choroid plexus-CSF route may be more significant than pre-viously thought for drug delivery to the brain(Ghersi-Egea and Strazielle,2001).There is limitedl d l d-n d information about the CSF pharmacokinetics of propofol in humans(Engdahl et al.,1998;Dawid-owicz et al.,2001a).Propofol… 相似文献
12.
目的：探讨三通喉罩在无痛纤维支气管镜检查中的安全性和可行性。方法：选择年龄65岁以下,ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级患者,按照自愿的原则分为静脉全麻组（IA）和局麻组（LA）。局麻组术前30min肌注鲁米那100mg＋阿托品0．5mg,检查前经环甲膜穿刺注射2％利多卡因3mL做表麻。静脉全麻组静脉快速诱导后插入TLMA,插入成功后,TLMA标准端口连接麻醉机,纤支镜从直管带密封口置入进行检查、活检。记录麻醉前（T0）、纤支镜过声门即刻（T1）、纤支镜探查／活检时（T2）、术毕5min（T3）各时间点的SBP、DBP、HR和SPO2;记录检查中发生低氧事件的情况、检查时间、苏醒时间。结果：19例无痛纤支镜顺利完成,患者术中循环平稳,SPO：变化于正常范围内,无呛咳、体动、低氧等不良事件,与局麻组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,静脉全麻组患者和内镜医师满意度高。结论：TLMA应用于无痛纤支镜检查安全可靠、效果满意,能同时满足麻醉医师和内镜医师对气道的管理需要,具有临床应用价值。 相似文献
13.
Xin-bo Wu Guo-xin Fan Xin Gu Tu-gang Shen Xiao-fei Guan An-nan Hu Hai-long Zhang Shi-sheng He 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2016,17(7):553-560
Objectives
This study aimed to compare the learning curves of percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy (PELD) in a transforaminal approach at the L4/5 and L5/S1 levels.Methods
We retrospectively reviewed the first 60 cases at the L4/5 level (Group I) and the first 60 cases at the L5/S1 level (Group II) of PELD performed by one spine surgeon. The patients were divided into subgroups A, B, and C (Group I: A cases 1–20, B cases 21–40, C cases 41–60; Group II: A cases 1–20, B cases 21–40, C cases 41–60). Operation time was thoroughly analyzed.Results
Compared with the L4/5 level, the learning curve of transforaminal PELD at the L5/S1 level was flatter. The mean operation times of Groups IA, IB, and IC were (88.75±17.02), (67.75±6.16), and (64.85±7.82) min, respectively. There was a significant difference between Groups A and B (P<0.05), but no significant difference between Groups B and C (P=0.20). The mean operation times of Groups IIA, IIB, and IIC were (117.25±13.62), (109.50±11.20), and (92.15±11.94) min, respectively. There was no significant difference between Groups A and B (P=0.06), but there was a significant difference between Groups B and C (P<0.05). There were 6 cases of postoperative dysesthesia (POD) in Group I and 2 cases in Group IIA (P=0.27). There were 2 cases of residual disc in Group I, and 4 cases in Group II (P=0.67). There were 3 cases of recurrence in Group I, and 2 cases in Group II (P>0.05).Conclusions
Compared with the L5/S1 level, the learning curve of PELD in a transforaminal approach at the L4/5 level was steeper, suggesting that the L4/5 level might be easier to master after short-term professional training.14.
He W Zhang FJ Wang SP Chen G Chen CC Yan M 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2008,9(2):100-108
Background: Sevoflurane and propofol are effective cardioprotective anaesthetic agents, though the cardioprotection of propofol has not been shown in humans. Their roles and underlying mechanisms in anesthetic postconditioning are unclear.Mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) opening is a major cause of ischemia-reperfusion injury. Here we investigated sevoflurane- and propofol-induced postconditioning and their relationship with MPTP. Methods: Isolated perfused rat hearts were exposed to 40 min of ischemia followed by 1 h of reperfusion. During the first 15 min of reperfusion, hearts were treated with either control buffer (CTRL group) or buffer containing 20 μmol/L atractyloside (ATR group), 3% (v/v) sevoflurane (SPC group),50 μmol/L propofol (PPC group), or the combination of atractyloside with respective anesthetics (SPC ATR and PPC ATR groups). Infarct size was determined by dividing the total necrotic area of the left ventricle by the total left ventricular slice area (percent necrotic area). Results: Hearts treated with sevoflurane or propofol showed significantly better recovery of coronary flow,end-diastolic pressures, left ventricular developed pressure and derivatives compared with controls. Sevoflurane resulted in more protective alteration of hemodynamics at most time point of reperfusion than propofol. These improvements were paralleled with the reduction of lactate dehydrogenase release and the decrease of infarct size (SPC vs CTRL: (17.48±2.70)% vs (48.47±6.03)%,P＜0.05; PPC vs CTRL: (35.60±2.10)% vs (48.47±6.03)%, P＜0.05). SPC group had less infarct size than PPC group (SPC vs PPC:(17.48±2.70)% vs (35.60±2.10)%, P＜0.05). Atractyloside coadministration attenuated or completely blocked the cardioprotective effect of postconditioning of sevoflurane and propofol. Conclusion: Postconditioning of sevoflurane and propofol has cardioprotective effect against ischemia-reperfusion injury of heart, which is associated with inhibition of MPTP opening. Compared to propofol, sevoflurane provides superior protection of functional recovery and infarct size. 相似文献
15.
李云祥 《泰州职业技术学院学报》2007,7(3):65-67
目的比较盐酸瑞芬太尼复合罗库溴铵或阿曲库铵及芬太尼复合阿曲库铵用于喉显微手术麻醉的临床效果。方法ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级择期行喉显微手术的病人60例，随机分为盐酸瑞芬太尼阿曲库铵组（A组）、芬太尼阿曲库铵组（B组）、盐酸瑞芬太尼罗库溴铵组（C组），每组20例。麻醉诱导用异丙酚2mg／kg和盐酸瑞芬太尼1．5ug/kg或芬太尼4ug／kg及罗库溴铵0．5mg／kg或阿曲库铵0．5mg／kg，麻醉维持用异丙酚5mg／kg／h和盐酸瑞芬太尼0．25ug／kg／min。观察血流动力学、肌松完全起效时间、术毕肌松恢复、清醒时间、拔管时间及返回病房时间等情况。结果三组麻醉效果均满意，肌松完全起效时间，术毕肌松恢复，清醒时间，拔管时间及返回病房时间均有显著差异性（P〈0．05），C组明显较A组B组起效快，术毕苏醒迅速。结论盐酸瑞芬太尼复合罗库溴铵比芬太尼复合阿曲库铵更优越、更理想。 相似文献
16.
目的：探讨舒芬太尼在老年患者腹腔镜胆囊切除术中的麻醉效果。方法：180例接受腹腔镜胆囊切除术的老年患者随机分为3组：芬太尼组（F组芬太尼用量20μg/kg）,舒芬太尼1组（S1组舒芬太尼用量为0.5μg/kg）,舒芬太尼2组（S2组舒芬太尼用量为1μg/kg）。比较3组患者镇静后10 min时、麻醉诱导即时、气管插管后3 min、二氧化碳气腹、二氧化碳气腹15 min、手术结束时的SBP、DBP。推算MBP、HR、ECG、SpO2。观察患者手术结束时到自主呼吸恢复时间、初醒时间,气导管拔出的时间及拔管时患者SBP、DBP。推算MBP、HR、ECG、SpO2和并发症发生情况。结果：S1组和S2组两组患者在气管插管,二氧化碳气腹前后血流动力学波动较小,而F组患者的波动相对较大。S1,S2组间比较,差异无统计学意义;S1组与F组比较自主呼吸恢复时间、苏醒时间、气导管拔出的时间,差异无统计学意义。拔管时患者SBP、DBP、MBP、HR,S1组血流动力学更加平稳,且术后并发症明显减少,与F组比较,差异有统计学意义;但S2组自主呼吸恢复时间明显延长,部分患者需要加用阿片类药物拮抗药,使用拮抗药后部分患者有烦躁、不自主体动等并发症,与其他两组比较,差异有统计学意义。结论：老年患者腹腔镜胆囊切除术采用舒芬太尼0.5μg/kg,能良好的控制因气管插管,二氧化碳气腹导致的应急反应,维护血流动力学的平稳,同时不影响患者术后的苏醒。 相似文献
17.
Adult male rats were allowed to drink a novel solution of sodium saccharin which was followed .5, 1.5, 4.5, 7.0, 13.5, or 24.0 h later by intubation of a .9, 2.7, 8.1, or 12.15% (w/v) solution of sodium chloride (NaCl). Three days after the single training trial, consumption of saccharin was again measured. Significant differences between groups were found. When consumption by the experimental groups at each CS-UCS delay was compared with that of the isotonic NaCl (.9%) control group, it was found that all groups showed aversions at delays of .5, 1.5, and 4.5 h. Animals intubated with 8.1% or 12.15% NaCl solution also showed aversions at a delay of 7.0 h, and those intubated with the 12.15% solution showed an aversion at a delay of 13.5 h. No NaCl concentration used produced aversions at a CS-UCS interval of 24.0. These results reflect differences in the effectiveness of a range of NaCl concentrations in producing one-trial aversions at long CS-UCS intervals. 相似文献
18.
芬太尼和异丙酚在高血压患者胃镜检查中的应用研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
陈跃华 《金华职业技术学院学报》2005,5(4):110-112
探讨高血压患者应用芬太尼、异丙酚施行镇静无痛苦胃镜检查的安全性及可行性,将112例患者（A组）给予芬太尼-异丙酚镇静麻醉,另外108例患者（B组）常规操作.结果显示A组患者的血压、心率和SDNN均降至正常范围,100%患者认为无痛苦,愿意接受复查,B组血压升高,心率加快,SDNN下降,54.5%患者感觉不适,不愿接受复查.二组患者血氧饱和度检查中无明显变化.高血压患者施行镇静无痛苦胃镜检查是一种安全可行的方法. 相似文献
19.
Lu YH Gao HJ Li BJ Zheng YM Ye YH Qian YL Xu CM Huang HF Jin F 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2012,13(1):1-10
To evaluate the effects of sperm with different parameters and sources on the outcomes of intracytoplasmic sperm injection
(ICSI), 1972 ICSI cycles were analyzed retrospectively. Groups 1 to 5 were composed of cycles using ejaculated sperm and were
grouped according to sperm quantity, quality, and morphology into normal (288 cycles), or mild (329 cycles), moderate (522
cycles), severe (332 cycles), and extremely severe (171 cycles) oligozoospermia and/or asthenozoospermia and/or teratozoospermia
(OAT) groups. Group 6 was composed of 250 cycles using testicular or epididymal sperm, and Group 7 consisted of 80 cycles
using frozen-thawed sperm. We found that fertilization rates were gradually reduced from Groups 1 to 6, and reached statistical
difference in Groups 5 and 6 (P<0.05). The high-quality embryo rate was higher in Group 1 than in Groups 2, 3, 5, 6, and 7 (P<0.05). No statistical differences were observed in the rates of embryo cleavage, clinical pregnancy, miscarriage, live-birth,
premature birth, low birth weight, weeks of premature birth, average birth weight, or sex ratio for all seven groups (P>0.05). A total of nine cases of malformation were observed, with a malformation rate of 1.25% (9/719). In conclusion, different
sperm sources and parameters can affect ICSI outcomes before embryo implantation. A full assessment of offspring malformation
will require further study using a larger sample size. 相似文献
20.
①目的:探讨一次性使用持续注入器输注氯普鲁卡因在硬膜外麻醉中的效果,以积累临床经验,指导临床工作.②方法:选取90例硬膜外麻醉的患者,随机分为两组,观察组(45例)应用一次性使用持续注入器持续输注氯普鲁卡因,对照组(45例)应用一次性使用持续注入器持续输注利多卡因.③结果:实验组在麻醉起效时间、痛觉消失时间及运动阻滞时间明显短于对照组,实验组低血压的发生率明显高于对照组.④结论:氯普鲁卡因用于硬膜外麻醉,麻醉效果较好,适合持续输注,但要警惕低血压的发生. 相似文献