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《科技成果管理与研究》2016,(4)
在油气储运、销售及应用等环节,常常会发生油气挥发排放,不仅造成资源浪费,加大安全事故风险,而且会污染环境.发展油气回收技术可以避免上述问题的发生,对于提高企业经济效益、保护环境具有重要意义.中国石化安全工程研究院牟善军教授带领团队自主开发的储油库吸附法油气回收技术,采用混合吸附技术、干式真空泵分段变频再生技术,具有排放指标低、能耗低、维护成本低、操作简单、安全性高等特点.疏水硅胶-活性炭联用高效吸附法油气回收技术在配置相同的情况下,价格是国外产品的三分之一至二分之一,且吸附量较单独使用活性炭提高30%左右,温升低,易脱附,能够有效降低油气回收装置用电量,提高吸附剂使用寿命.码头油气回收船岸安全对接系统与国外同类技术相比,价格降低50%以上,异常状况下可在3秒内实现船舶油气与码头的快速分离,优于中国船级社建议的10秒. 相似文献
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甲烷（CH4）是仅次于二氧化碳（CO2）的一类重要温室气体,煤炭开采和矿后活动CH4逃逸排放是中国最大的CH4排放源。为编制高质量的国家温室气体清单以及制定针对性的控制温室气体排放措施,有必要对中国煤炭开采和矿后活动不同排放源的CH4逃逸开展系统研究。根据《IPCC 2006年国家温室气体清单指南》方法,对中国煤炭逃逸关键排放源井工煤矿开采和矿后活动采用本国特征排放因子法,其他排放源采用缺省排放因子法,计算了2010—2016年中国煤炭开采和矿后活动CH4逃逸排放量,分析了上述期间的排放趋势及排放构成,并开展了同其他国家隐含排放因子的对比分析。结果显示：①不考虑回收利用量时,2010—2016年中国煤炭开采和矿后活动CH4逃逸排放量先升后降,2010年排放量为2525万t,2013年达到峰值2716万t,之后缓慢下降到2016年的2269万t,最大的排放环节为井工开采,研究期年平均占比为83%。②2010—2016年CH4回收利用量年均上升17%,2016年回收利用量占总排放量的27%,扣除回收利用量后净排放量峰值年份前移到2011年。③不同国家本地化隐含排放因子差距较大,中国在主要产煤大国中处于中等偏下水平,与波兰相当,低于德国、俄罗斯和美国,位于IPCC缺省值下限。④从排放源范围、方法选择和排放因子等方面来看,中国煤炭开采和矿后活动CH4逃逸排放清单在非附件I国家中属于领先水平,但同附件I国家相比还存在一定差距。建议未来进一步提升计算范围的完整性,加强活动水平数据收集,以及深入开展中国特征排放因子研究,同时从管理和技术方面加强对煤矿瓦斯的回收利用水平。 相似文献
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随着<储油库大气污染物排放标>等三项国家污染物排放标准的发布,大量油库和加油站面临改造,油气回收势在必行.为了满足标准中对污染物排放限制的相关规定,文章对几种油气回收技术进行了比较,并结合储油库与加油站的油气排放特点,为成品油销售企业提供了一些可供参考的油气回收方案. 相似文献
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研究了钯杂多酸催化剂的锚定与催化性能。在芳烃类化合物的生成过程中C-H4键的反应活化性能是关键,关系到芳烃类化合物的生成效果,需要高效的催化剂来保证C-H4键的反应活化性能。传统的活化方法主要采用的催化剂是金属杂多酸盐,但是催化性能较弱,芳烃类化合物的生成率只有20%以下,同时反应所需温度较高,需要在500℃以上,生产过程中具有一定的危险性。提出采用钯杂多酸多维催化剂作为芳烃类化合物的生成催化剂将钯杂多酸锚定在4-氨丙基-五乙基硅酸的孔道内,得到了钯杂多酸多维催化剂,使得采用空气为氧化剂的芳烃类化合物得到高效的氧化过程。在实验过程中在200℃的反应温度下达到了58%的总转化率,得到了较好的分析结果。 相似文献
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从废催化剂中回收可再生资源,不仅提高资源的利用率,而且可减少排放,保护环境。本文对从含银废催化剂中回收高纯银粉的工艺进行优化研究,结果表明,该工艺还原率99.99%,可直接获得高纯度的银粉,金属银纯度可达99.99%,经处理后的废催化剂含银量降到了0.01%。所生产的银粉纯度高、分散度高、活性高,产品性能稳定。 相似文献
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2003年全国排放二氧化硫约为2150万吨,火电厂的排放量就达到1100万吨,占到了全国SO2排放总量的50%以上,火电厂已经成为SO2排放的主要来源之一.SO2排放会造成酸雨,对人及生态环境造成严重的危害,为此我国积极推行脱硫技术,减少SO2的排放. 相似文献
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随着不锈钢酸洗生产线的不断投入,废酸液的排放和回收处理显的尤为重要.主要对废酸夜的回收利用工艺系统进行分析,井对三种回收工艺的优缺点和酸液回收的发展趋势做了详细分析. 相似文献
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A research group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol-a chemical found in the skins of red grapes in red wine-can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin according to a report in the October issue of Cell Metabolism.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):14-15
Aresearch group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol--a chemical found in the skins of red grapes and in red wine--can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin, according to a report in the October,2007 issue of Cell Metabolism. As insulin resistance is often characterized as the most critical factor contributing to the development of Type 2 diabetes, the findings“provide a potential new therapeutic approach for preventing or treating” both conditions, the researchers said. 相似文献
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Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
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Active biological molecules functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery disease diagnosis therapy new nanodevice construction.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):22-22
Active biological molecules and functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery, disease diagnosis and therapy, and new nanodevice construction. 相似文献
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A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):2-3
CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing. 相似文献
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Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1)
With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants." 相似文献
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Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
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Leah A. Lievrouw 《The Information Society》2000,16(2):155-159
This essay focuses on universal service and the Internet as means to support social and political participation. The emphasis on access to telecommunications systems in conventional approaches to universal service is contrasted with access to content. A model of the information environment is described that accounts for the roles of content and conduit, both of which are necessary conditions to achieve true access. A method is outlined for employing information indicators to observe or measure the information environment. 相似文献
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Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献