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预期记忆及其老化研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
李宏翰 《广西师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2003,39(3):101-105
预期记忆是与追溯记忆相对的一类独特记忆，即当没有直接的外部提示时，在未来特定条件下从事先前计划好的活动的记忆，可以是习惯性的或情节性的、单活动的或双活动的、时间性的或事件性的。解释预期记忆老化的理论主要有自启层次理论、任务类型理论和加工关系理论。研究预期记忆，有助于全面认识人类的记忆，特别是记忆老化的机制，有助于切实提高个体应对生活的适应能力。 相似文献
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不少人期待已久的圣诞节即将来临，在享受这个温暖节日的同时，一起来聆听明星他们所分享的属于他们的圣诞记忆吧！ 相似文献
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Xiaoyi Zhou 《海外英语》2007,(12):35
佛罗伦萨的旧译名是"翡冷翠",如徐志摩的《翡冷翠一夜》,说的也就是佛罗伦萨。"翡冷翠",在意大利语中意为"鲜花之城"。虽然看上去略有些匪夷所思,但是这个精致、美丽的名字倒颇让人有些幻想。在美丽的佛罗伦萨,有着怎样美妙的游记?跟随作者,我们一起出发咯! 相似文献
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张登玉 《湖南师范大学教育科学学报》1997,(2)
量子计算机中的解相干，破坏量子态中的信息．是量子计算难以实现的主要原因之一．本文在ShorPW的工作基础上．提出存放K个量子们一的任意态时．使用6K个量子位进行编码，并且用电磁波脉冲实现么正变换，以便进一步减少量子计算机存储器中的解相干． 相似文献
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This paper describes a Phase I pilot study for the future development and field testing of a prototype CD-ROM program called the MEMORY WORKOUT. The MEMORY WORKOUT helps older adults increase and monitor changes in their daily physical and cognitive activity levels and these effects on physical functioning and memory. A holistic, multimodal model of memory provides the theoretical base for the design of the program. The primary purpose of this program is to enhance users' appreciation for the immediate and longer term benefits of exercise and physical activity on daily mental and physical function. Phase I results with 24 older adults (mean age = 71.2 years) indicate significant cross-sectional relationships among exercise time, exercise efficacy, and word list memory, and moderate to strong interest in improving memory and physical activity. Using Phase I prototype information, the goal of a Phase II project is to produce a complete, interactive, multimedia CD-ROM program that includes fitness training, assessment, and simulation components that are appropriate for adults over age 60. 相似文献
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Katie E. Cherry Robin L. West Celinda M. Reese Michael P. Santa Maria Monica Yassuda 《Educational gerontology》2013,39(3):195-219
A new questionnaire, the Knowledge of Memory Aging Questionnaire, assesses general knowledge of normal and pathological memory aging for use with students, older adults, and service providers who work with the elderly. The questionnaire consists of 28 true/false items covering a broad range of memory behaviors 相似文献
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This study evaluates the results of a training program for prospective remembering. The goal of the training was to improve prospective memory by associating cues from the retrieval situation with the to be remembered information. The training group consisted of 20 participants, aged between 45 and 81 years. The effects of strategy training were compared with those of an educational training group (N = 23 , age range 45-84) directed at reducing worries about forgetfulness, and a retest control group (N = 22 , age range 46-74). The educational training and retest control groups did not differ in demographic characteristics and test performance and were combined into one control group. Subjective evaluations revealed that subjects were very satisfied with the effects of training. This also was true for subjects in the educational training condition. The objective effects of training were evaluated with a telephone task which had to be performed in the daily life situation, and a prospective categorization task performed in the laboratory. Despite the low reliabilities of the prospective tasks, a significant but small effect of training compared to the combined control group was found on the sum score of prospective tests. The training effect was not related to age or pretraining performance level. At the three months follow-up, however, performance of the control group had increased to the level of the trained group. As expected, training effects did not generalize to other memory measures (assessed with tests for remembering names) or control measures (assessed with visuo-motor reaction time tests). 相似文献
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提出了一种基于连续的线性双向联想记忆（LBAM）的离散双向联想记忆（DBAM）．DBAM双向地进行K。honen提出的最优联想映射．同作者已提出的LBAM和NBAM一样,DBAM可保证对所有已存储模式的回忆,并具有较现有其它BAM高得多的容量,还和NBAM一样具有对输出模式中噪声的强抑制能力,并因此大大减少了伪记忆．给出了对DBAM的推导并证明了其稳定性．还推导了DBAM的学习算法,该算法具有选代形式,使网络易于学习新模式同NBAM相比,DBAM易于用软件实现． 相似文献
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李枚毅 《湘潭师范学院学报(社会科学版)》1998,(3)
探讨了用C／C 语言编程进行数值计算时微机上可用的双精度double型数据的问题,总结出最多个数为68000个,最佳个数为65000个。这给使用微机的数学工作者和工程技术人员进行C／C 编程提供了参考依据。 相似文献
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采用小鼠跳台法,于训练前3min给于L—Pro 0 1—100.0μg/mouse icv对记忆获得无损害作用,而L—Pro 0.1—10.0μg/mouse icv对樟柳碱造成的记忆获得障碍均有显著改善作用。训练前1.5h给予AOAA 20mg/kg ip可能成记忆获得不良,而L—Pro 1.0μg/mouse icv对AOAA所致记忆获得不良有明显改善、以上结果表明,在小鼠跳台法实验中,侧脑室直接给予L—Pro可显著改善记忆获得障碍。 相似文献
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Although magnitudes of memory improvement for the elderly tend to be larger for a learning skill training and a social support group compared with a waiting list group, the individual variability is sufficiently large to obscure statistical differences in the treatment effect. In our examination of individual variability in the data two possible confounding factors were uncovered: (1) low baseline performers tend to improve regardless of the treatment whereas high baseliners tend not to improve or decline in their posttest performances; (2) high verbal IQ subjects tend to perform well on all memory tests. A lesson learned in this study is that if these two variables are not equally distributed across treatment and control groups spurious results may be obtained. 相似文献
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预期记忆及其老化是记忆心理学的一个复兴的主题。预期记忆领域的未来方向将会涉及：研究其毕生发展特点，拓展其研究手段，分析它与其他心理变量之间的关系，考查其生活现象，探索其生理机制。预期记忆老化领域的未来方向可能集中于：加强其临床研究，注重其日常问题，探索其大脑机制，考查它与其他心理变量之间的关系，发展其改善程序。 相似文献
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Jyotsna M. Kalavar 《Educational gerontology》2013,39(6):507-513
Two-hundred undergraduate college students were surveyed regarding their preferences for the ages of 13 different service providers. Further, the construct of ageism as measured by the Fraboni Scale of Ageism (FSA) was used for assessment with this sample. Results suggest that the mean age preference cited by respondents for all 13 service providers was below 40; the lowest mean age (26.5 years) was cited for the position of telephone operator; and the highest mean age (39.8 years) for the position of congressional representative. Except for the position of barber/beautician, gender differences in age preferences for the remaining 12 service providers did not show statistical significance. Results from the FSA suggest that male college students displayed more ageist attitudes than female college students. Age was negatively correlated with FSA. 相似文献
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This research compared the performance of younger (mean age — 20.7 years) and older (mean age–68.3 years) adults on a memory task that involved pictures, words, and pictures‐plus‐words as stimuli. The results, consistent with previous research, indicated an equivalent picture superiority effect for both young and old adults when pictures were compared to words. More specifically, although recall scores were significantly higher for younger adults compared to older adults, the superior recall scores for pictures versus words did not differ between the age groups. However, the performance of older adults declined markedly, compared to the younger adults, in the picture‐plus‐word condition. These findings are interpreted as providing support for a divided attention model, which involves effortful processing of both visual and verbal aspects of stimuli. This situation of divided attention appears to put older adults at a relative disadvantage compared to young adults. 相似文献
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