共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 140 毫秒
1.
2.
过度训练对小鼠NK细胞、单核吞噬细胞系统活性的影响 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
为研究过度训练对NK细胞、单核吞噬细胞系统活性的影响并探索其机制，以小鼠游泳运动模拟过度训练，采用NK细胞免疫组化染色试验测定NK细胞毒活性；采用碳粒廓清实验(Carbon Clearance)测定单核吞噬细胞系统功能。结果显示：过度训练会引起NK细胞活性大幅度下降，对单核吞噬细胞系统功能产生抑制作用，提示过度训练可能会造成免疫机能损伤。 相似文献
3.
4.
广枣提取液对小鼠免疫功能和运动耐力的影响 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
观察了广枣提取液对小鼠免疫功能、运动耐力的影响。结果表明：广枣提取液可明显增加小鼠耐缺氧时间，延长小鼠负重游泳时间，降低运动后小鼠血乳酸水平，显著提高其心肌组织中SOD活力；同时明显增加小鼠脾脏／体重、胸腺／体重比值，增强小鼠对巨噬细胞的吞噬能力．提高小鼠的细胞免疫、体液免疫功能。提示广枣提取液具有显著促进小鼠免疫功能及显著提高小鼠运动耐力的功效。 相似文献
5.
6.
目的:观察过度训练对大鼠腹膜巨噬细胞吞噬功能的影响及胰岛素样生长因子1(IGF-1)和机械生长因子(MGF)在其中所起的作用.方法:8周龄健康雄性Wistar大鼠16只,随机分为安静对照组(control)和过度训练组(overtraining).过度训练组进行11周递增负荷跑台训练.最后1次训练后36 h,记录体重变化并测定血液中血红蛋白和睾酮含量.断头处死大鼠并分离纯化腹膜巨噬细胞,中性红法测定巨噬细胞吞噬功能,荧光定量PCR技术测定IGF-1和MGF基因表达.离体状态下用不同浓度的IGF-1或MGF与巨噬细胞孵肓2h,观察IGF-1和MGF对巨噬细胞吞噬功能的影响.结果:与安静对照组相比,过度训练组大鼠体重、血红蛋白和睾酮含量均显著降低,分别下降了约19.3％(P＜0.01)、13.5％(P＜0.01)、55.3％ (P＜0.01).过度训练组巨噬细胞摄取中性红能力显著低于安静对照组,下降约27％(P＜0.05);过度训练组巨噬细胞IGF-1 mRNA水平约为安静对照组的21倍(P＜0.01),MGF mRNA水平约为安静对照组的92倍(P＜0.01);IGF-1对巨噬细胞吞噬功能无显著影响,各浓度组与未加药组相比均无显著性差异(P＞0.05); MGF呈浓度依赖性的抑制巨噬细胞吞噬功能,与未加药组相比,10 ng/ml、50 ng/ml组有显著性差异(P＜0.05),l00 ng/ml、200 ng/ml组有极显著性差异(P＜0.0l),各浓度组间比较无显著性差异(P＞0.05).结论:过度训练抑制巨噬细胞吞噬功能;过度训练诱导产生的MGF可能在过度训练抑制巨噬细胞吞噬功能中发挥关键作用. 相似文献
7.
8.
运动与运动员心脏 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
任建生 《武汉体育学院学报》1995,(1)
研究证实，心脏不仅具有泵血功能，而且具有内分泌功能，且是多种性激素的靶器官。这对于从分子生物学水平深入探讨运动员。心脏的适应性机制提供了新的契机。 相似文献
9.
高校体育的功能是体育理论界一直争论不休的焦点之一。目前,有一点已取得共识,就是高校体育有多种功能,但对其研究仍处于无序混乱的状态,众说纷云。本文,在众多学者研究的基础上,针对21世纪高等学校体育,从本质、对象及与社会的联系等方面探讨其功能。 相似文献
10.
运动及神经内分泌对巨噬细胞功能的调节 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
像所有的免疫细胞那样，巨噬细胞不能仅仅被看成是独立的细胞个体，而是一个复杂的以不同方式引起宿主免疫应答的细胞和组织网络中的一部分。巨噬细胞是重要的初级效应细胞，而且容易受其它细胞(包括T和B淋巴细胞)和由交感神经系统(SNS)产生的激素以及下丘脑一垂体一肾上腺皮质(HPA)轴调节：实际上，包括运动在内的应激很有可能通过激活SNS，HPA轴或者影响其它细胞和组织进行对巨噬细胞功能的调节。以下将讨论神经内分泌因素对由运动引起的巨噬细胞功能变化的调节作用。 相似文献
11.
12.
目的:探讨高强度运动训练对Walker 256接种大鼠抗肿瘤的作用。方法:80只大鼠随机分为2组(n=40):运动训练组和非运动训练组。高强度运动训练8周后,运动训练组大鼠又分为两组(n=20):运动对照组和肿瘤种植运动组。非运动训练组大鼠又分为两组(n=20):静坐对照组和肿瘤种植静坐对照组。高强度平台运动训练课程持续10周,5d/W,30min/d,85%VO2max。观测血浆中多种酶、激素和细胞因子水平及淋巴细胞和巨噬细胞和Walk-er 256肿瘤细胞的葡萄糖和谷氨酰胺代谢酶、H2O2生成量、吞噬率和淋巴细胞增殖指数等指标。结果:高强度运动训练能够延长肿瘤接种大鼠的生存时间,降低肿瘤重量,阻止恶病质的发生;高强度运动能够抑制Walker 256肿瘤细胞接种大鼠淋巴细胞和巨噬细胞的葡萄糖和谷氨酰胺代谢酶的活性。结论:高强度运动训练可能是一种有效的潜在的抗肿瘤策略。 相似文献
13.
目的:以去卵巢小鼠模拟妇女绝经后骨质疏松症状,对比研究上、下坡跑台运动对去卵巢小鼠破骨细胞分化及相关调节因子的影响.方法:64只8周龄C57 BL/6雌性小鼠随机分为4组:假手术安静组(SHAM),去卵巢安静组(OVX),去卵巢上坡跑组(OVX +UP),去卵巢下坡跑组(OVX +DOWN).结果:与SHAM组相比,OVX组小鼠干细胞向巨噬细胞分化的能力、巨噬细胞向破骨细胞分化的能力均显著增强;骨组织RANKL、M-CSF和RANK的基因表达显著增加,而OPG的基因表达显著降低.与OVX组相比,两运动组小鼠破骨细胞的分化得到了较好的抑制.结论:跑台运动可有效抑制小鼠去卵巢后破骨细胞的大量分化,从而有利于预防骨质疏松症的发生,且下坡跑运动比上坡跑运动更有效. 相似文献
14.
复方白蚁制剂对提高训练大鼠抗疲劳能力的研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
通过慢性动物实验 ,观察与分析复方白蚁制剂对提高训练大鼠抗疲劳能力的作用。实验材料为成年雄性 SD大鼠 2 5只 ,随机分成实验组、运动对照组和安静对照组。实验组灌喂复方白蚁制剂 ,对照组灌喂相同剂量的 5 %葡萄糖溶液。除安静对照组外 ,实验组和运动对照组均在国产鼠类电动跑台上进行 6周亚极量强度的耐力训练。实验结果 :实验组 Hb含量、安静时 T值和T/ C比值均明显高于对照组 ;实验组睾丸间质细胞层厚度和脾巨噬细胞数量增加 ,体内锌、铜、铁等微量元素含量增加 ,红细胞 ATP酶的活性也明显提高。提示系统服用“复方白蚁制剂”有助于延缓训练大鼠疲劳的发生和加速运动能力的恢复 相似文献
15.
《运动与健康科学(英文)》2023,12(2):175-185
BackgroundEmerging research supports the idea that exercise positively affects neurodevelopment. However, the mechanisms linking exercise with brain health are largely unknown. We aimed to investigate the effect of exercise on (a) blood biomarkers selected based on previous evidence (brain-derived neurotrophic factor, β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), cathepsin B (CTSB), kynurenine, fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1)); and (b) a panel of 92 neurology-related proteins (discovery analysis). We also investigated whether changes in these biomarkers mediate the effects of exercise on brain health (hippocampal structure and function, cognitive performance, and mental health).MethodsWe randomized 81 overweight/obese children (10.1 ± 1.1 years, 41% girls) into 2 groups: either 20 weeks of aerobic plus resistance exercise or control. Candidate biomarkers were assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for kynurenine, FGF21, and CTSB; colorimetry for β-hydroxybutyrate; and XMap for brain-derived neurotrophic factor and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1. The 92 neurology-related proteins were analyzed by an antibody-based proteomic analysis.ResultsOur intervention had no significant effect on candidate biomarkers (all p > 0.05). In the discovery analysis, a reduction in circulating macrophage scavenger receptor type-I was observed (standardized differences between groups = –0.3, p = 0.001). This effect was validated using ELISA methods (standardized difference = –0.3, p = 0.01). None of the biomarkers mediated the effects of exercise on brain health.ConclusionsOur study does not support a chronic effect of exercise on candidate biomarkers. We observed that while chronic exercise reduced the levels of macrophage scavenger receptor type-I, it did not mediate the effects of exercise on brain health. Future studies should explore the implications of this novel biomarker for overall health. 相似文献
16.
Denguezli M Ben Chiekh I Ben Saad H Zaouali-Ajina M Tabka Z Abdelkrim Z 《Journal of sports sciences》2008,26(12):1351-1359
The aim of this study was to determine whether endurance training in athletes induces airway inflammation and pulmonary function disorders. Respiratory pattern and function were analysed in ten healthy endurance runners at rest, during sub-maximal exercise, and during the recovery. Inflammatory cells and metabolites (histamine, interleukin-8, and leukotriene E(4)) were measured in sputum at rest and after exercise. The experiments were conducted on three different occasions (basic endurance training, pre-competitive and competitive periods). In spite of the absence of post-exercise spirometric changes and respiratory symptoms, airway cells counts and inflammatory markers changed significantly. At the beginning of the experiment, athletes' induced sputum showed an abundance of macrophages compared with neutrophils. We found a high percentage of neutrophils during the pre-competitive and competitive periods of the sport season (41% and 37%), a significant increase in macrophage counts during the pre-competitive period (51%), and a significant rise in total cells, interleukin-8, leukotriene E(4), and histamine during the competitive period. In conclusion, one year's training increased markers of inflammation in the airways of endurance runners without symptoms or changes in pulmonary function, suggesting that airway inflammation is of insufficient magnitude to markedly impact lung function in healthy athletes. 相似文献
17.
Myriam Denguezli Imen Ben Chiekh Helmi Ben Saad Monia Zaouali-Ajina Zouhaier Tabka Abdelkrim Zbidi 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(12):1351-1359
Abstract The aim of this study was to determine whether endurance training in athletes induces airway inflammation and pulmonary function disorders. Respiratory pattern and function were analysed in ten healthy endurance runners at rest, during sub-maximal exercise, and during the recovery. Inflammatory cells and metabolites (histamine, interleukin-8, and leukotriene E4) were measured in sputum at rest and after exercise. The experiments were conducted on three different occasions (basic endurance training, pre-competitive and competitive periods). In spite of the absence of post-exercise spirometric changes and respiratory symptoms, airway cells counts and inflammatory markers changed significantly. At the beginning of the experiment, athletes' induced sputum showed an abundance of macrophages compared with neutrophils. We found a high percentage of neutrophils during the pre-competitive and competitive periods of the sport season (41% and 37%), a significant increase in macrophage counts during the pre-competitive period (51%), and a significant rise in total cells, interleukin-8, leukotriene E4, and histamine during the competitive period. In conclusion, one year's training increased markers of inflammation in the airways of endurance runners without symptoms or changes in pulmonary function, suggesting that airway inflammation is of insufficient magnitude to markedly impact lung function in healthy athletes. 相似文献
18.
Helenita Antonia de Oliveira Ednei Luiz Antonio Flávio André Silva Paulo de Tarso Camillo de Carvalho Regiane Feliciano Amanda Yoshizaki 《Journal of sports sciences》2018,36(20):2349-2357
We investigated whether low-level laser therapy (LLLT) prior to or post resistance exercise could attenuate muscle damage and inflammation. Female Wistar rats were assigned to non-LLLT or LLLT groups. An 830-nm DMC Laser Photon III was used to irradiate their hind legs with 2J, 4J, and 8J doses. Irradiations were performed prior to or post (4J) resistance exercise bouts. Resistance exercise consisted of four maximum load climbs. The load work during a resistance exercise bout was similar between Control (non-LLLT, 225 ± 10 g), 2J (215 ± 8 g), 4J (210 ± 9 g), and 8J (226 ± 9 g) groups. Prior LLLT did not induce climbing performance improvement, but exposure to 4J irradiation resulted in lower blood lactate levels post-exercise. The 4J dose decreased creatine kinase and lactic dehydrogenase levels post-exercise regardless of the time of application. Moreover, 4-J irradiation exposure significantly attenuated tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-6, interleukin-1β, cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant-1, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1. There was minor macrophage muscle infiltration in 4J-exposed rats. These data indicate that LLLT prior to or post resistance exercise can reduce muscle damage and inflammation, resulting in muscle recovery improvement. We attempted to determine an ideal LLLT dose for suitable results, wherein 4J irradiation exposure showed a significant protective role. 相似文献
19.
周文婷 《武汉体育学院学报》2019,53(6):66-71
目的：研究优秀技巧类滑雪运动员中4个有氧能力关联多态基因ACE、GLUT4、ADRB2和PPARGC1A的分布频率，及基于4个优势等位基因的基因型总分（TGS），探索上述多态基因与TGS作为我国优秀技巧类滑雪运动员跨项选材分子标记的可行性。方法：应用基质辅助激光解吸附电离飞行时间质谱检测技术，对68名中国北方汉族优秀技巧类滑雪运动员与138名中国北方汉族普通大学生ACE基因rs4340位点、GLUT4基因rs5418位点、ADRB2基因rs1042713位点和PPARGC1A基因rs8192678位点进行解析。计算并比较运动员与对照组在上述4个位点的TGS。结果：在上述4个多态位点，运动员与对照组间的基因型和等位基因频率无显著性差异（P>0.05）；两组人在携带的优势等位基因数量、TGS分值范围、平均TGS分值及TGS分值的分布频率上也均无显著性差异（P>0.05）。结论：ACE基因rs4340位点、GLUT4基因rs5418位点、ADRB2基因rs1042713位点、PPARGC1A基因rs8192678位点多态性和基于上述4个位点的TGS均无法作为中国北方汉族技巧类滑雪运动员的有氧能力跨项分子选材标记。 相似文献