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1.
Pro-CiteTM, a database management system specifically designed to manage bibliographic references, is reviewed in this article. One of three bibliographic products from Personal Bibliographic Software, Pro-Cite provides a wide range of data manipulation capabilities. These include: creating, editing, and deleting database records; querying for specific recordss; organizing databases; and printing selected records to a variety of devices. This article describes Pro-Cite version 2.0., a major upgrade, and its companion program for converting data captured from MEDLARS into Pro-Cite databases, MEDLARS Biblio-LinksTM.  相似文献   

2.
NurseSearch is a floppy-disk, abridged version of the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), covering about sixty journals. The program is a menu-driven software package designed to allow end users with no prior searching experience to perform their own searches. It is available in annual editions from 1985 to the present. This paper describes the introduction of NurseSearch within the Libraries at Kent State University and its School of Nursing. Reactions of new users to selected program operations are identified. Conclusions from a trial period are set forth.  相似文献   

3.
Abstract

There are a number of important documents that provide guidance in the consideration of library services supporting nursing programs and students at a distance. Standards are available from the National League for Nursing Accrediting Commission (NLNAC), the American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN), and the Commission on Collegiate Nursing Education (CCNE). In addition, the Association of College and Research Libraries' (ACRL) Guidelines for Distance Learning Library Services offers interested parties another option, as do the more recently published Information Literacy Competency Standards for Higher Education. This paper reports on a survey concerning these documents and their usefulness to those planning or enhancing library services in support of distance nursing programs and students.  相似文献   

4.
Objective:While data management (DM) is an increasing responsibility of doctorally prepared nurses, little is understood about how DM education and expectations are reflected within student handbooks. The purpose of this study was to assess the inclusion of DM content within doctoral nursing student handbooks.Methods:A list of 346 doctoral programs was obtained from the American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN). Program websites were searched to locate program handbooks, which were downloaded for analysis. A textual review of 261 handbooks from 215 institutions was conducted to determine whether DM was mentioned and, if so, where the DM content was located. Statistical analysis was performed to compare the presence of DM guidance by type of institution, Carnegie Classification, and the type of doctoral program handbook.Results:A total of 1,382 codes were identified across data life cycle stages, most commonly in the handbooks’ project requirements section. The most frequent mention of DM was in relation to collecting and analyzing data; the least frequent related to publishing and sharing data and preservation. Significant differences in the frequency and location of codes were identified by program type and Carnegie Classification.Conclusions:Nursing doctoral program handbooks primarily address collecting and analyzing data during student projects. Findings suggest limited education about, and inclusion of, DM life cycle content, especially within DNP programs. Collaboration between nursing faculty and librarians and nursing and library professional organizations is needed to advance the adoption of DM best practices for preparing students in their future roles as clinicians and scholars.  相似文献   

5.
Eigentaste: A Constant Time Collaborative Filtering Algorithm   总被引：32，自引：2，他引：30  
Eigentaste is a collaborative filtering algorithm that uses universal queries to elicit real-valued user ratings on a common set of items and applies principal component analysis (PCA) to the resulting dense subset of the ratings matrix. PCA facilitates dimensionality reduction for offline clustering of users and rapid computation of recommendations. For a database of n users, standard nearest-neighbor techniques require O(n) processing time to compute recommendations, whereas Eigentaste requires O(1) (constant) time. We compare Eigentaste to alternative algorithms using data from Jester, an online joke recommending system.Jester has collected approximately 2,500,000 ratings from 57,000 users. We use the Normalized Mean Absolute Error (NMAE) measure to compare performance of different algorithms. In the Appendix we use Uniform and Normal distribution models to derive analytic estimates of NMAE when predictions are random. On the Jester dataset, Eigentaste computes recommendations two orders of magnitude faster with no loss of accuracy. Jester is online at: http://eigentaste.berkeley.edu  相似文献   

6.
This article examines approaches to creating museum Web sites that offer quality experiences to online users. In six case studies, museum Web developers in the U.S. and Canada describe how they have made the most of available human and financial resources. The development history of each site offers insights into the origins of a design and its subsequent versions, and describes the influence of institutional missions, philosophies, success indicators—and financial and human resources, the most crucial factors. The study found considerable variety in the backgrounds, expertise, titles and training of people developing Web sites within institutions. Web teams developed “exchange” experiences through online discussion, and by creating links among users, or between museum staff and users. In three case studies, Web sites encouraged visitors to cycle between online and on‐site museum visits. Web developers describe using quantitative and qualitative online audience research strategies. WebTrendsTM software has enabled Web teams to report complex log analyses. Creating online experiences in partnership with users is the intention of Web developers.  相似文献   

7.
The Winsor & NewtonTM (W&N) nineteenth century archive database includes digitised images of hand-written instructions and workshop notes for the manufacture of their artists’ materials. For the first time, all 183 production records for yellow lead chromate pigments were studied and evaluated. They revealed that W&N produced essentially three pigment types: lemon/pale based on mixed crystals of lead chromate and lead sulphate [Pb(Cr,S)O4]; middle on pure monoclinic lead chromate [PbCrO4]; and deep that contains the latter admixed with basic lead chromate [Pb2CrO5]; accounting for 53, 22, and 21% of the production, respectively. Production records for primrose (4%) were also included since the formulation results in mixed crystals with a high percentage of lead sulphate, which, according to the literature, leaves it more prone to degradation. Each pigment type is characterised by only one or two main synthetic pathways; process variations reveal a systematic and thorough search for a high-quality durable product. A comparison of the chemical composition of pigment reconstructions with early W&N oil paint tubes showed that their records entitled ‘pale’ and ‘lemon’ correlated with the pigment in their tube labelled chrome yellow and, ‘middle’ and ‘deep’ with the label chrome deep. Lemon and middle pigment formulations were made into oil paints to assess their relative photo-stability. The degradation process was followed by colorimetry and was studied by synchrotron radiation-based techniques. Based on the X-ray absorption spectroscopy data, the possibility for creating a stability index for chrome yellows is discussed.  相似文献   

8.
Summary

It would be easy to say that technology is complicating things for reference, but things are more complicated than that. Technology should be a system for solving problems, but for many people, both librarians and users, it is the problem. But in some ways it hides an even older problem-understanding things from the user's point-of-view. Contemporary cognitive and educational theories note that we are not paying enough attention to the user/learner, that we do not understand the mental models of those who use libraries, library systems and reference. As more technology is used and complicates systems for users, we should focus more on what users bring to the reference/learning interaction.  相似文献   

9.
Transaction logs from online search engines are valuable for two reasons: First, they provide insight into human information-seeking behavior. Second, log data can be used to train user models, which can then be applied to improve retrieval systems. This article presents a study of logs from PubMed®, the public gateway to the MEDLINE® database of bibliographic records from the medical and biomedical primary literature. Unlike most previous studies on general Web search, our work examines user activities with a highly-specialized search engine. We encode user actions as string sequences and model these sequences using n-gram language models. The models are evaluated in terms of perplexity and in a sequence prediction task. They help us better understand how PubMed users search for information and provide an enabler for improving users’ search experience.  相似文献   

10.
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11.
《The Reference Librarian》2013,54(67-68):131-146
Summary

Student athletes' schedules can be very tightly structured around classes, homework, study, practice, and athletic events. As a result, they do not have the same freedom with their schedules as the average student. A library outreach program was developed at Valdosta State University to target the Department of Health, Physical Education and Athletics, and specifically the student athletes. The goals of this program are: (1) to provide the Department faculty and staff with a library contact or liaison, (2) to help student athletes learn to use the Library more effectively under pressure, thus relieving some of the stress they face with their demanding schedules, and (3) to make the library a less intimidating, more welcoming environment. The Library's outreach program is incorporated into the Department's NCAA CHAMPS (Challenging Athletes' Minds for Personal Success) program and includes tailored library instruction sessions. CHAMPS, as designed by the NCAA, does not currently include a library skills component.1 Library outreach may be defined as any activity or program such as tailored library instruction that is created “to meet the information needs of an unserved or inadequately served target group.”2 Outreach activities often focus on a specific user population such as high school students, off-campus students, international students, non-traditional students, and even faculty, and are often a method of promoting the use of the library.3 Providing outreach to student athletes is not well documented, however, there are a handful of universities with some type of outreach program to student athletes in place.4  相似文献   

12.
Abstract

Citation management programs are tools used to organize references and to create citations and bibliographies. Libraries are often the central point for providing training and support in using these tools. To determine how we could improve our support and training services, we surveyed users to determine what software in being used, why they chose that particular program, what features are important, and how they use citation management programs to collaborate. Results indicate that users chose a particular program because it was freely available or recommended to them by others and that they thought that importing references and creating citations were important features. We also found a majority of respondents used citation management programs to collaborate and turned to the library for training and support.  相似文献   

13.
We consider text retrieval applications that assign query-specific relevance scores to documents drawn from particular collections. Such applications represent a primary focus of the annual Text Retrieval Conference (TREC), where the participants compare the empirical performance of different approaches. P(K), the proportion of the top K documents that are relevant, is a popular measure of retrieval effectiveness. Participants in the TREC Very Large Corpus track have observed that when the target is a random sample from a collection, P(K) is substantially smaller than when the target is the entire collection. Hawking and Robertson (2003) confirmed this finding in a number of experimental settings. Hawking et al. (1999) posed as an open research question the cause of this phenomenon and proposed five possible explanatory hypotheses. In this paper, we present a mathematical analysis that sheds some light on these hypotheses and complements the experimental work of Hawking and Robertson (2003). We will also introduce C(L), contamination at L, the number of irrelevant documents amongst the top L relevant documents, and describe its properties. Our analysis shows that while P(K) typically will increase with collection size, the phenomenon is not universal. That is, the asymptotic behavior of P(K) and C(L) depends on the score distributions and relative proportions of relevant and irrelevant documents in the collection. While this article went to press, Yehuda Vardi passed away. We dedicate the paper to his memory.  相似文献   

14.
This paper discusses a phenomenon that has become popular in mainland China in recent years, “mosheng ren communication,” focusing specifically on an application known as Momo, a social discovery and dating platform that is widely used in China. It first outlines the context of post-Mao China, which has produced urbanism, individualization, and a sexual revolution. Thereafter, it turns to the theories of the stranger and cosmopolitanism, which are used to analyze mosheng ren communication. This paper adopts cultural discourse analysis as the analytical procedure to present the findings of online and offline interviews conducted in both Beijing and Shanghai to examine how Momo users in urban metropolises make use of this app in order to analyze the cultural radiants in their communication practices. Based on the data obtained, this paper analyzes mosheng ren communication in the Chinese context and describes how Momo is designed to facilitate it. Momo users can enter into sexual relations based on the use of authentic photos on their profiles; alternatively, they can communicate anonymously. They are also “in-between” traditional Chinese values and new values. Momo users contribute a Chinese form of cosmopolitanism through cultivation of insensitivity to mosheng ren, while their engagement in mosheng ren communication implies that the members of are more open to others.  相似文献   

15.
Archivists have long tried to understand users from the viewpoint of their archival collections. Such an approach misses important perspectives about use in, and users of, archives; how they perform research and develop knowledge while using archives. This study aims to comprehend the use of archival materials in research from the users’ perspective. It attempts to understand users’ perceptions of the impact of archival collections on their research, how and when archival materials are involved in the research process and how much weight they grant those materials in support of their thesis, from an actual research topic, the No Gun Ri massacre. The case of the No Gun Ri incident provides a good example of how archival materials play a role in historical discussions and an opportunity to look at archival contributions. No Gun Ri researchers acknowledged that archival documents were essential source materials for details about the incident and a major player in stimulating controversies and, consequently, provided the impetus for further publications. General recordkeeping situations also provided a circumstantial context of the incident. However, No Gun Ri researchers agreed that oral history was the most valuable and influential evidence for their major ideas and used archival documents to provide hard facts about the details of oral history. There are some unique research patterns of No Gun Ri researchers identified in this study which are different from the typical assumptions of archivists.  相似文献   

16.
Adapted from Chang et al.'s (2006) models, this study examines factors that influence adoption and non-adoption of social network sites (SNS) in adopters (Continuers, Discontinuers) and non-adopters (Potentials, Resistors). Chi-square and t-test were used to analyze the survey data of Singapore's working adults and Internet users (N =222). The findings reveal innovation characteristics (relative advantage, compatibility, complexity) and perceived popularity differ significantly in three pairs of adopter categories. Results show Continuers and Potentials are concerned more about image than Discontinuers and Resistors, while technology cluster differs between adopter vs. non-adopter and Continuers vs. Discontinuers. Moreover, the study suggests younger people tend to adopt SNSs, females continue to use SNSs more, and potential SNS users are more innovative. Lastly, a regression model to forecast the adoption of SNSs is proposed in which age, compatibility, technology cluster, and perceived popularity are predictors.  相似文献   

17.
《文物保护研究》2013,58(1):140-144
Abstract

This paper presents the program initiated to conserve the templete in the Mudéjar Cloister in the Royal Monastery of Our Lady of Guadalupe. The program included evaluation of the original materials, development of repair materials and design of a conservation program for the templete. The paper concentrates on the analysis and conservation of the stuccos of the templete, which is a typical mudéjar-style structure of molded brick with an exterior stucco finish. Samples of stucco from the templete were analyzed by microscopy, both reflected and transmitted light; acid digestion (gravim～tric analysis); water vapor transmission rate; and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Samples of pigments and salts were identified by microchemical methods. Data from these analyses were used to develop a replication stucco mix and a grout mix that would be physically and chemically compatible with the existing materials. The process of developing the mixes is described. Application of these materials to the conservation of the templete is outlined. The stucco mix was used for repairing the upper stage of the templete, which was largely devoid of its original stucco coating, and the grout was used to stabilize the stuccos of the base, which were largely intact but detached from the underlying brick.  相似文献   

18.
This study examines libraries’ nursing collections using the Interagency Council on Information Resources in Nursing's Essential Nursing Resources’ (ENR) 26th edition. An inventory of the online collections of 235 libraries was assembled and compared to free, government, or National Library of Medicine resources and licensed resources from the ENR. The top five resources listed on library websites in descending order were MEDLINE, CINAHL, ERIC, PsycINFO, and Google Scholar. The availability of specialized resources varied, based on factors such as the level of nursing degree at each institution or the libraries’ National Network of Libraries of Medicine membership statuses.  相似文献   

19.
On the Fly BI     
Abstract

Today's reference librarians are constantly faced with the challenge of orienting users to the complex, ever changing world of the electronic library. A well-structured library instruction program is one important approach to the overall goal of educating users. But library instruction sessions cannot and do not reach all students. Studies indicate that students are most receptive to learning research techniques at the point of need, which most often occurs at the reference desk. Although many reference librarians are committed to “teaching students to fish,” they are frequently faced with students whose research needs require in-depth lessons that exceed the time available for most reference desk transactions. This paper offers a way to close the gap by providing a set of techniques and strategies, utilizing behaviors and props, which can be used in those short, one-on-one instruction-based situations.  相似文献   

20.
The National League for Nursing and the American Nurses' Association publish many works that are vital to nursing literature, but their publications are difficult for libraries to handle efficiently and for users to find. This paper discusses the problems involved in making NLNIANA publications accessible to users. A survey was conducted to determine how libraries are handling these publications and whether or not they are satisfied with their methods. Results show that a majority are content with their processing of NLNIANA materials and that these libraries are not using different methods to handle these publications from those who are not satisfied.  相似文献   

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