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This paper studies the patterns of innovation in the ICT field using patents and patent citations. It provides an original methodology to identify ICT applications using patent abstracts and selecting the most frequent sequential triples of words without any a priori selection of keywords. This paper shows that the set of IPC classes related to ICT is broader than the one usually considered.Moreover, our results show that ICT applications can be distinguished into two main groups in terms of growth and structure of innovative activities, technological pervasiveness, and knowledge sources. High opportunity ICT applications are characterised by high growth of patenting activity, high rate of entry of new innovators and high concentration of technological activity across firms. They also display a diversified knowledge base in terms of technological domains and actors involved. Conversely, low opportunity ICT applications are characterised by a lower growth and by a lower concentration of innovative activities across firms, as well as by a lower rate of entry of new innovators. Innovations in these ICT applications show less diversified knowledge sources and a higher degree of internal knowledge base. 相似文献
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Barriers to innovation have mainly been studied in a single country context. This paper studies differences in the perception of innovation barriers between innovative and non-innovative firms for 18 EU countries. The countries are grouped by their distance to the technological frontier using Community Innovation Surveys for the years 2002–2004 and 2004–2006. The results show that knowledge barriers related to the availability of skilled labour, innovation partners and technological knowledge are more important for firms located in countries close to the frontier, while the opposite is true regarding the availability of external finance. Moreover, while the share of innovators decreases with the distance to the technological frontier, the share of firms not interested or in no need of innovation increases. This is consistent with the idea that as firms approach the technological frontier, they increasingly need to focus on the creation of own knowledge and the adoption of innovation-based growth strategies to stay competitive. 相似文献
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创新系统“混沌”边缘具有较强的创新潜力,易于新兴技术创新网络的形成与发展。结合生命周期理论,分析了新兴技术形成过程及其与原有技术发展轨迹的关系,深入研究了“液态化”创新网络的形成机理。通过搜集自动驾驶汽车领域专利数据开展了实证分析,运用专利引用分析与社会网络分析相结合的方法,绘制IPC共现网络和专利权人引文网络,通过计算网络各项指标,验证了新兴技术创新网络“液态化”网络的技术特征与知识流动特征。实证结果表明：自动驾驶汽车领域的技术构成具有高异质性、技术领域间存在广泛融合性;知识流动网络存在小世界效应,呈现易流动、流向广、效率高,网络边界模糊,核心创新主体众多且多样化的特点。 相似文献
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《Research Policy》2023,52(2):104661
Using patent data for a panel sample of European companies between 1995 and 2016 we explore whether the inventive success in Artificial Intelligence (AI) is related to earlier firms’ innovation in the area of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), and identify which company characteristics and external factors shape this performance. We show that AI innovation presents strong dynamic returns (learning effects) and benefits from complementaries with knowledge earlier developed in the area of network and communication technologies, high-speed computing and data analysis, and more recently cognition and imaging. AI patent productivity increases with the scale of firm innovation, and is lower for companies with narrow technological competences. There is evidence of knowledge spillovers from ICT innovators to AI innovators, but this effect is confined to the frontier firms of the new technological field. Our findings suggest that, with the take-off of the new technology, the technological lead of top AI innovators has increased due to the accumulation of internal competences and the expanding knowledge base. These trends help explain the concentration process of the world’s data market. 相似文献
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全面创新管理（TIM：Total Innovation Management)是由浙江大学创新与发展研究中心(RCID)首次提出的创新管理新范式。其实践背景是发生在我国大多数企业里“技术创新的两难境地”,该理论认为在目前的竞争环境中,成功的技术创新应该是包含全部技术因素和所有相关的非技术因素在内的全面创新。基于对我国海尔集团的成功经验模式的案例研究,本文将进一步从理论和实践方面进行全面创新管理的研究,提出个人创新能力的发展是企业发展的关键要素,建议企业重视人本管理,推行在提高员工创新素质基础上的企业成长模式。本文将分析海尔获得成功的关键因素——每个人都是创新者!——及其管理和运作机制。并分析在此基础上形成的创新型文化是如何通过“全员创新”的运作机制将企业全面创新管理的各创新要素——战略创新、管理创新、制度创新、市场创新和技术创新——成功地融合为一的。基于“场效应”理论,本文首次提出了“文化场”概念。本研究认为正是在创新型的“文化场”和全面创新管理架构的作用下,企业才能够融合所有创新能量来推动企业绩效的整体发展。 相似文献
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发展绿色产业成为当前我国迫切需要解决的问题.为进一步探求资本市场推动我国绿色产业技术创新的作用机理,结合理论分析,通过典型相关分析,在宏观层面检验不同层面资本市场与绿色产业技术创新各个阶段之间的作用机理,发现资本市场具有促进绿色产业技术创新的作用,其中对绿色产业技术创新的促进成效最为明显的是股票市场的发展;进一步检验发现,股权融资规模与绿色产业企业技术创新水平存在正相关关系,其中中小板市场对绿色企业技术创新的作用效率最高.因此,需要从提高融资效率、优化融资结构和创新融资模式等3个方面充分调动资本市场对绿色产业技术创新的支持功能. 相似文献
7.
Identification of innovating firms through technological innovation indicators: an application to the Spanish ceramic tile industry 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
M.L Flor 《Research Policy》2004,33(2):323-336
The identification of technologically innovating firms is related to the development of indicators of their innovation activity. In this study, we carry out a review of indicators of firms’ technological innovation activity and then classify them according to whether they are based on inputs or outputs of the innovation process, and to the sources of the information they consider, whether primary or secondary. Their applicability as indicators of firm innovation is analyzed in the Spanish ceramic tile industry for the period from 1994 to 1996. From the results obtained we are able to conclude that the method based on direct information—self-assessment by managers—is more effective in identifying both product and process innovators. Within the set of methods based on secondary information, the literature-based innovation output (LBIO) method is the one which provides the best results when identifying product innovators alone. 相似文献
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作为以创新为主导的知识技术密集型产业,战略性新兴产业究其本质是创新驱动型产业。在创新过程中,专利作为一种标准化、客观化的文献,在一定程度上代表了区域科研成果转化的潜力,是衡量领域技术创新的合理指标。因此本文基于专利数据统计和分析的视角,以武汉地区为研究对象,对七大战略性新兴产业之一的信息技术产业的专利申请态势、专利申请人、以及专利法律状态的相关指标进行了量化分析,来展示专利视角的武汉市信息技术产业的创新现状。最后对量化数据所体现的创新现状进行总结分析。结论表明,武汉市信息技术产业有着较强的创新能力和水平。但其产业创新主体规模小、创新成果较为集中,且合作创新程度偏低,这些问题不利于创新资源和创新活动的交流传递,从而会限制区域产业的创新发展,需在今后的产业创新发展中重点改善。 相似文献
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利用中国创业板企业2009-2019年的面板数据,将绿色技术创新分为两个维度深入探究激进式绿色技术创新、渐进式绿色技术创新对企业成长的作用机理及组织冗余的调节作用.研究发现,激进式绿色技术创新对企业成长的正向影响比渐进式绿色技术创新更为显著;此外,组织的冗余资源强化了激进式绿色技术创新与企业成长之间的正相关关系.将绿色... 相似文献
11.
《Research Policy》2022,51(10):104599
We explore the process of innovation as experienced by entrepreneurs in Ethiopia in order to gain new insights from a challenging setting for innovation that has been under-represented in the literature. Guided by two streams of literature – the contextual view of entrepreneurial innovation and the innovation process literature – we examine the accounts of entrepreneurial selection and strategic choices as narrated by 15 Ethiopian innovators pursuing diverse opportunities. Analysis of 77,000 words of text offers a rich data structure that adds substantive detail to the contextual view of entrepreneurial innovation. An emerging process model not only emphasizes economic with societal outcomes but also national citizenship reinforcement at the level of the individual entrepreneur. Policy recommendations are presented to deal with contradictions between government proclamations to encourage innovative new start-ups, and the actual accounts of the entrepreneurs as they deal with obstacles in different contexts. 相似文献
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绿色创新是缓解当前资源环境压力,实现中国工业高质量发展的重要途径。本文基于区域技术异质性与创新投入共享关联特征,构建共同前沿-共享投入关联型两阶段DEA模型以测算2008—2017年中国省际工业企业绿色创新两阶段效率及整体效率。运用“技术落差比率”指标衡量东部、中部与西部地区企业之间的技术差距,并对创新无效率值进行分解以挖掘效率损失根源,定位各地区企业效率提升的关键环节与重点策略。研究结果表明：①共同前沿下中国工业企业绿色研发效率、成果转化效率和整体效率均值分别为0.774、0.831和0.647,共同前沿下各效率值均未超过群组前沿下效率值;考察期内全国及三大地区绿色创新两阶段效率并未有明显改善,呈稳中略降趋势。②三大地区间企业绿色研发与成果转化的技术落差比率差异均显著,绿色研发阶段东-中地区企业间技术差距徘徊于0.2左右,而成果转化阶段东-西地区企业间技术差距最为明显,并呈不断扩大趋势。③东部地区企业绿色创新两阶段效率损失主要源自区域内企业自身管理不当,而中西部地区企业则因技术差距无效和管理无效均造成效率损失,且由区域技术落后引起的效率损失占比超过50%。 相似文献
14.
In this work we exploit a long-in-time panel of Spanish manufacturing firms observed during the period 1990–2012 to examine the long-run contribution of innovation persistence to sales growth and market share dynamics. We examine two main research questions. First, do persistent innovators grow more than other firms? Second, do persistent innovators show more persistent growth patterns over time compared to other firms? We find negative answers to both questions: firms that persistently innovate over the first decade, do not grow more and do not display more persistent growth dynamics in the succeeding years, regardless of whether innovation persistence is defined in terms of R&D, patenting activity, or product or process innovation. These findings lend support to luck and random theories of firm growth, in turn challenging innovation persistence theories commonly suggesting that persistent innovators enjoy large and sustained comparative advantages. 相似文献
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研究技术创新目的是要驾驭和干预创新过程,其最现实的选择就是对知识、技术的组织、协调。作为多种类创新活动者集聚体的硅谷,其知识、技术管理,主要包括地区创新要素参与、组织,知识技术分工、协作联合与规模扩大,互动联系、学习提高与重组创造,及各种规范、自组织管理的条件和满足这些条件的机制。 相似文献
16.
污染控制下导向性技术创新对绿色增长的影响机理的明晰可为全球的不同经济体推行新的、更可持续的绿色增长改革提供参考。本文在重构导向性技术创新的区分形式、重建非可再生资源与导向性技术创新之间的内生化形式基础上,建立了一个可充分体现绿色增长的"包容性"、"可持续性"和"均衡性"特征的目标函数和可能性约束的非线性最优控制模型,通过对问题在无限时域上稳态的解析解的求解和数值仿真可得:绿色增长关键的动力来源是技术创新,应为其准备资本空间;非可再生资源并非绿色增长必要的动力要素;相比生产技术创新,环境政策的实施中更应重视对减排技术创新的引导。 相似文献
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以粤港澳大湾区合作申请专利计量信息为依据,采用SPSS统计分析法对大湾区11个城市协同技术创新的时序、技术领域、区域空间分布、协同主体等现状特征进行了探究,并对其趋势进行了预测。研究发现：（1）大湾区协同技术创新呈持续增长态势,正逐渐从数量速度型向质量效益型转变。（2）大湾区城市间的协同技术创新发展不平衡,具有地域邻近特征。（3）各城市间协同技术创新的核心技术有所差异,新兴核心技术领域空间集聚效应越趋明显。（4）各城市应该结合技术创新优势,增强对创新技术研发的协作、吸收和转化,促进核心技术和新兴技术不断生长、更新和发展。 相似文献
18.
Grazia D. Santangelo 《Research Policy》2000,29(9)
In the era of “alliance capitalism”, the increasing number of strategic technological partnerships (STPs) has been mainly recorded in the science-based fields, of which information and communications technology (ICT) is a leading sector. The establishment of STPs has also characterised the European ICT industry. The growing technological interrelatedness and the need to acquire capabilities in related fields have been identified in the literature as major explanations for the increase in corporate technological co-operation. This paper investigates the role of corporate technological specialisation factors in the conclusion of STPs in the European ICT industry by carrying out a dynamic analysis. Accordingly, the patterns followed by corporate technological partnerships in the industry in question are investigated since the late 1970s. Based on US patent data granted to the world's largest firms as well as STPs data, the results of the econometric analysis are consistent with the view that the more similar partners' technological portfolios are with one another, the easier it is to absorb each other's capabilities. 相似文献
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在制度转型过程中,不连续创新是中国企业长期成功的发动机还是成长道路上的陷阱？本文基于组织学习的视角,采取案例研究的方法对南都电源不连续创新的决策和实施过程进行研究,结果表明:对已有技术领域来说,面临不连续创新的冲击,企业将采取原材料创新和产品架构创新、已有市场维持和新细分市场开拓的"双元平衡"演化战略;对新兴技术领域来说,企业将采取"逐步全面替代"的演化战略,广泛的知识搜索、非计划性组织学习以及创新性文化的培育对不连续创新具有促进作用。最后,不连续创新的成功实施能够促进企业技术能力的转变与替代、产品技术性能极大的提升以及新价值网络的构建。 相似文献
20.
企业绿色技术创新是促进经济发展同环境污染尽早“脱钩”的有效措施,也是全面可持续发展目标实现的重要动力。企业不同类型绿色技术创新之间并非完全独立,处于不断升级的过程。借助642家工业企业调研数据对政府价格规制与企业绿色技术创新升级的关系展开实证研究,试图回答清楚在企业绿色技术创新动态演进过程中,政府价格型规制的作用节点和效果。研究结果表明,企业绿色技术创新升级路径是显著存在的,绿色工艺创新是中介变量,且间接路径所占的比重要大于直接路径。政府价格规制对企业绿色技术创新升级存在正向的调节作用,但是调节的作用节点仅存在于绿色工艺创新向绿色产品升级的过程中,且政府价格规制对绿色工艺创新与绿色产品创新关系的调节作用具有边界性。上述研究对于深入理解如何构建市场导向的绿色技术创新体系具有指导意义,也为提升环境治理能力贡献理论支撑。 相似文献