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In order to remove the low turbidity present in surface water, a novel metal-polysilicate coagulant was used to treat the raw water taken from Tanjiang River in Guangdong Province. This study on the effects of Al/Fe molar ratio on the performance of a complex compound formed by polysilicic acid, aluminium and ferric salt (PAFS) showed that PAFS with Al/Fe ratio of 10:3 seemed to have the best coagulation performance in removing turbidity and color. Experimental results showed that under the conditions of polymerization time of 15 d, sedimentation time of 12 min, and pH of 6(8, PAFS with Al/Fe molar ratio of 10:3 had the best coagulation efficiency and lowest residual Al concentration. The turbidity decreased from 23.8 NTU to 3.23 NTU and the residual Al concentration was only 0.165 mg/L in the product water. It could be speculated that colloidal impurities and particulate Al were removed by adsorption bridging and electrical neutralization of long chain inorganic polymer coagulants. 相似文献
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改性凹凸棒石对景观河水的净化研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过酸、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（HDTMA）、NaCl、Al2（SO4）3及NaCl-Al2（SO4）3分别改性凹凸棒石,考察其及原土助凝（聚合氯化铝）PAC净化景观河水的效果。结果表明：当PAC投量为60 mg/L时,HDTMA改性凹凸棒石助凝净化COD的效果最好,去除率高达84%;Al2（SO4）3改性凹凸棒石助凝净化TP的去除率最高,达99%;各种凹凸棒石助凝净化NH4＋-N的效果相差不大;NaCl-Al2（SO4）3改性凹凸棒石助凝净化后的浊度去除率最高,达97%。投加原土及各种改性凹凸棒石后,相对于单独使用PAC混凝处理,沉淀污泥体积都大幅度减小,降低了后续污泥处理难度。 相似文献
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YANG Wei CHEN Jie LI Xing LIANG Heng HE Wen-jie LI Gui-bai 《浙江大学学报(A卷英文版)》2007,8(9):1475-1481
Considering that contaminated raw water mostly contains high Ammonia-N and a majority of water treatment plants use prechlorination process in China,efficiency of chloramines as a coagulant aid in enhancing coagulation was investigated by Jar stirring and pilot-scale tests,using Yellow River water containing high concentration of natural organic matters (NOM) and bromide in winter. The jar tests results showed that,compared with no preoxidation,preformed chloramine apparently decreased the turbidity of settled and filtered water with low dosage (2.0 mg/L),and the aid-coagulation efficiency was further enhanced with the increase of chlorine (Cl2) to Ammonia-N (N) ratio. Pilot-scale studies indicated that,in comparison to the case without pre-oxidation,the turbidity removal efficiency of flotation and filtration effluent water was significantly improved,the particle counts of filtered water were decreased 63.4%,the average rate of filter head loss was reduced 18.2%,and filter run time was prolonged 15.7%. Therefore,chloramine preoxidation may substantially enhance the particle separation efficiency. 相似文献
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朱继斌 《湖南城市学院学报》2003,24(3):66-68
常德市第四水厂是目前湖南省设计规模最大的一座现代化水厂，其设计规模为60万m^3／d，第一期工程为30万m^3／d，投产后出水浊度低于0．5NTU，且生产能耗低．详细介绍了该水厂的处理工艺、设计参数及其特点． 相似文献
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考察了在微波辅助技术的前提下32Fe ＋/Fe ＋摩尔比、氨水用量和微波功率变量因素对制备34Fe O 纳米材料的影响,并筛选出较优的制备条件。同时,对该样品进行X-射线衍射（XRD）和高分辨率透射电镜（TEM）扫描分析。其结果表明：（1）32Fe ＋/Fe ＋摩尔比1：1、氨水用量15mL、油酸钠1.00g、微波辐射功率200W 和反应30min 为制备34Fe O 纳米材料的最优条件;（2）根据Scherer公式计算,该样品的平均粒径为10nm～20nm,且样品微粒形状规则,近似球形,晶体形状较好,粒径大小较为均一;（3）通过对比研究制备34Fe O 纳米微粒的微波辅助合成法、共沉淀法和沉淀氧化法,从XRD谱图分析可知,用微波辅助合成法制得的34Fe O 纳米微粒的特征衍射峰明显,分散性好,且强度较高,说明该法所制得的34Fe O 微粒晶化度较高。 相似文献
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硫酸氢钠催化合成癸二酸二正己酯 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以癸二酸和正己醇为原料，硫酸氢钠为催化剂合成了癸二酸二正己酯．考察了影响酯化率的各种因素，确定了最佳反应条件为：癸二酸用量0．05mol时，正丁醇与癸二酸的物质的量比为2.6，0.5g催化剂，10mL甲苯作带水剂，反应时间2h，酯化率达98％以上．结果表明：硫酸氢钠具有价廉易得、催化活性好、反应温度低、不腐蚀设备、环境污染小等优点，是合成癸二酸二正己酯的优良催化剂。 相似文献
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聚硅酸硫酸铁絮凝剂的研制 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
用硫铁矿渣和硫酸铝渣制备了聚硅酸硫酸铁．研究了影响硅酸聚合的条件和nFe／nSi对聚硅酸硫酸铁稳定性的影响．用研制的聚硅酸硫酸铁絮凝剂处理模拟浊水，当nFe／nSi比为0．5时絮凝效果为最佳，用量达0.5ml／L后除浊率便可达90％以上；用nFe／nSi比为1．5的聚硅酸硫酸铁处理垃圾填埋场渗沥液，CODCr的去除率达60％．聚硅酸硫酸铁的特点是形成矾花的速度快，矾花实，沉降迅速． 相似文献
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目的:探究镧对大豆铝胁迫的缓解效应;方法:以铝敏感大豆BD2为材料,进行50μmol/L铝胁迫处理,然后添加不同浓度氯化镧(10、100和1000 mg L/L)测定大豆幼苗抗氧化及光合指标;结果:与对照组相比较,铝胁迫导致大豆幼苗根系伸长率、根冠比、鲜重及干重显著降低,叶片SOD、POD活性显著降低,且MDA含量显著升高,叶绿素与类胡萝卜素含量、光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度及胞间CO_2浓度也均显著下降;而与铝胁迫处理相比,不同浓度镧处理对大豆幼苗根长、鲜重与干重、SOD与POD活性有不同程度地促进作用,并显著降低MDA含量,同时提高叶绿素与类胡萝卜素含量,增强光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度和胞间CO_2浓度,其中以10 mg/L镧处理效果最好;结论:适宜浓度的镧处理能够通过增强大豆幼苗的抗氧化能力,提高其光合性能,提高大豆幼苗对铝胁迫的适应能力,有效缓解铝对大豆幼苗生长的毒害。 相似文献
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A method was proposed to determine boron trifluoride in boron trifluoride complex using fluoride ion selective electrode(ISE). Hydroxide was chosen to mask aluminum for the determination of 0.01—0.1 mol/L of fluoride. The simulation indicated that the permissible aluminum masked at a certain p H value was limited and hardly related to F-concentration and boric acid. It is better to control p H value below 11.5 and the aluminum concentration within 0.025 mol/L to minimize the interference of hydroxide to the fluoride ISE. The decomposition conditions of boron trifluoride by aluminum chloride were investigated. It is found that the F-detection ratio will approach 1.0 if the Al/F molar ratio is 0.3—0.7 and aluminum concentration is no more than 0.02 mol/L when heated at 80 ℃ for 10 min. In one word, hydroxide is quite fit to mask aluminum for samples which contain high content of fluoride and aluminum and the BF3 content can be successfully determined by this method. 相似文献
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The water distribution system of one residential district in Tianjin is taken as an example to analyze the changes of water quality. Partial least squares (PLS) regression model, in which the turbidity and Fe are regarded as con-trol objectives, is used to establish the statistical model. The experimental results indicate that the PLS regression model has good predicted results of water quality compared with the monitored data. The percentages of absolute relative error (below 15%, 20%, 30%) are 44.4%, 66.7%, 100% (turbidity) and 33.3%, 44.4%, 77.8% (Fe) on the 4th sampling point; 77.8%, 88.9%, 88.9% (turbidity) and 44.4%, 55.6%, 66.7% (Fe) on the 5th sampling point. 相似文献
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研究了溴化十六烷基吡啶存在下硫酸铵—碘化钾—结晶紫体系浮选分离铋的行为及其与常见离子分离的条件.结果表明,在O.5mL溴化十六烷基吡啶(10g/L)存在下,当固体(NH_4)_2SO_4、碘化钾溶液(0.1mol/L)和结晶紫溶液(0.001mol/L)的用量分别为1.0g、1.0mL、1. 0mL时,控制pH值为7.0,Bi~(3+)可被该体系浮选,而常见离子Zn~(2+)、Fe~(2+)、Co~(2+)、Ni~(2+)、Al~(3+)不被浮选,据此实现了Bi~(3+)与这些离子的定量分离,对合成水样进行了定量浮选分离测定,结果满意。 相似文献
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研究了以乳化剂OP／正丁醇／正庚烷／水组成的微乳液为介质,5-Br-PADAP为显色剂,分光光度法测定铜的实验体系．结果表明：在波长为554nm下,铜离子浓度在0-6μg／10mL范围内符合比尔定律,相关系数r为0．9995,摩尔吸光系数ε为1．2×10^5L·moL^-1·cm^-1．该方法用于各类蜂花粉样中铜的测定,回收率达到91．5％～107．0%． 相似文献
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A new catalyst composed of Tin-bridged yttrocene Ph2Sn(MeCp)2YCI (MeCp=methylcyclopentadienyl) and Al (i-Bu)3 was successfully developed for the polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA). Detailed study of factors (such as the molar
ratio of Al/Cat., catalyst concentration, various solvents, temperature and time) influencing polymerization reaction indicated
that the catalytic active species may be still somewhat stable at high temperature and still have a long catalytic lifetime.1H NMR spectrum showed about 65% syndiotactic content in the polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) prepared. From kinetic studies,
the polymerization rate equation may be expressed as Rp=Kp[Cat.]2.4. The overall activation energy of polymerization is 20.9±3.1 kJ/mol.
Project(29774021) supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China and National Laboratory of Element-Organic Chemistry,
Nakai, University. 相似文献
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温敏凝胶对食用菌含盐废水中有机物的浓缩作用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
夏烈文 《兰州石化职业技术学院学报》2012,(3):1-3
以具有温度敏感性的聚（N-异丙基丙烯酰胺）（PNIPA）水凝胶对食用菌含盐废水进行有机物浓缩,考查了不同浓度的PNIPA水凝胶在不同凝胶/废盐水比条件下对废盐水中有机物的浓缩效果。发现PNIPA水凝胶对食用菌含盐废水中有机物能起到很好的浓缩作用,凝胶中PNIPA浓度为10%的凝胶对食用菌含废水中有机物的浓缩效果最好。 相似文献
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对培养嗜高浓度甲醛废水的活性污泥的净化性能进行了研究,研究中采用序批式活性污泥法（SBR）及脱氮除磷工艺（A2/O工艺）．考察了停留时间、溶解氧多少、进水的pH值和水温等对微生物净化高浓度甲醛废水的影响。实验结果表明,进水的pH值在7～9范围内,水温在10～30℃,停留时间控制在48小时,并根据进水浓度的变化选择合适的溶解氧,获得的活性污泥的净化性能最佳。 相似文献
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以二氧化硅负载磷钼钨酸H3PW6Mo6O40/SiO2为催化剂,苯甲醛和1,2-丙二醇为原料合成苯甲醛1,2-丙二醇缩醛.探讨H3PW6Mo6O40/SiO2对缩醛反应的催化活性,较系统地研究了醛醇物质的量比、催化剂用量、带水剂用量、反应时间等因素对产品收率的影响.实验表明:H3PW6Mo6O40/SiO2是合成苯甲醛1,2-丙二醇缩醛的良好催化剂,在n(苯甲醛)∶n(1,2丙二醇)=1∶1.5,催化剂用量为占总反应物质量的1.0%,带水剂环己烷用量10 mL,反应时间45 min的最佳条件下,苯甲醛1,2-丙二醇缩醛的收率可达83.3%. 相似文献