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2008年北京奥运会我国竞技游泳后备人才的培养对策 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
刘明辉 《西安体育学院学报》2004,21(4):6-10
从社会学、运动训练学、体育管理学、人才学等视角,针对我国竞技游泳下滑现状和影响发展的因素,以及2008年北京奥运会我国竞技游泳后备力量的培养形式等问题,采用文献资料法、问卷调查法、走访调查法、专家咨询法,比较分析法、数理统计法以及趋势研究法等综合研究方法对我国部分地区(北京、上海、广州、辽宁等)、不同水平的游泳运动员以及他们的教练员、领队进行调查研究,全面分析我国竞技游泳的滑坡原因及存在的问题,旨在延长高水平游泳运动员的运动寿命,提出培养北京奥运会我国竞技游泳后备力量的可行性措施。 相似文献
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竞技体育教练员的道德修养直接关系到运动员的道德修养、竞技水平乃至运动寿命的长短。针对目前我国竞技体育教练员道德修养的现状，提出加强对竞技体育教练员道德修养建设的必要性、方法及途径，使教练员更好地去培养、影响运动员，使运动员全面发展，从而有效保证运动成绩的提高。 相似文献
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采用文献资料、问卷调查等方法对吉林省体育系统竞技体育人力资源中的运动员、教练员情况进行比较分析,主要结论:吉林省竞技体育后备人才结构不够合理,后备力量欠雄厚,运动员数量与体育强省相比存在着非常显著性的差异.建议:加强竞技体育后备人才梯队建设;加强教练员科研意识等. 相似文献
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本文文献资料法、调查访问法、理论分析法等科研方法,对我国竞技健美操发展的现状进行分析得知,虽然近年来竞技健美操在我国发展迅速,但发展水平距世界先进水平还有一定的差距。主要表现在：运动训练管理体制不利于后备力量的培养;缺乏完善的规章制度：忽视运动员艺术素养的形成;竞赛制度不完善;缺乏优秀的教练员;缺乏系统训练,基本功不扎实体能欠缺;编排中缺乏主题,与国际水平相差较远;商业化程度较低：宣传力度不够;项目发展经费短缺;理论研究贫乏等,所有这些将成为制约我国竞技健美操水平发展提高的主要因素。文章以此作为切入点进行分析,并提出相应对策,以期能为我国竞技健美操的进一步发展提供一点参考依据。 相似文献
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本文运用文献资料法、问卷调查法,数理统计法等研究方法,对近几年高校中长跑运动员水平,教练员水平．科学训练、观念等多方面,对高校中长跑发展的现状进行调查分析。根据这些分析我们得出了近几年来高校中长跑的现状：运动员水平偏低;各个项目之间发展不均衡;后备力量欠缺;没有形成较好的整体发展优势。本文对存在的问题和不足多方面提出了与高校中长跑运动相适应的发展对策,为我国中长跑运动重新取得项目优势提供理论、实践依据和后备力量。 相似文献
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《上海体育学院学报》2001,(3)
竞技体育的构成从不同实践过程来看 ,竞技体育包含着运动员选材、运动训练、运动竞赛和竞技体育管理四个有机组成部分。运动员选材 :运动员选材是竞技体育的开始 ,是挑选具有良好运动天赋及竞技潜力的儿童少年或后备力量参加运动训练的起始性工作。选材时 ,应注意考虑各个运动项目的特点 ,力求使用科学的测试和预测方法 ,努力提高选材的成功率。运动训练 :运动训练是为提高运动员的竞技能力和运动成绩 ,在教练员的指导下 ,专门组织的有计划的体育活动。运动训练既是竞技体育的组成部分 ,也是实现竞技运动目标的最重要途径。运动竞赛 :运动竞… 相似文献
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少年运动员是我国竞技体育的未来,少年运动员的训练水平决定了未来我国竞技体育所能达到的高度,因此少年运动员的训练越来越受到各级体育主管部门的重视和关注。目前体能训练的重要性越来越受到教练员的重视,体能是学习运动技术的基础和保证, 相似文献
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少年运动员是我国竞技体育的未来,少年运动员的训练水平决定了未来我国竞技体育所能达到的高度,因此少年运动员的训练越来越受到各级体育主管部门的重视和关注。目前体能训练的重要性越来越受到教练员的重视,体能是学习运动技术的基础和保证,这一观念正受到越 相似文献
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培养体育后备人才试点中学体能训练安排现状分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
运动员竞技能力水平是影响运动成绩的主要因素之一 ,体能是竞技能力的主要组成部分。体能训练是指在运动训练过程中 ,改善运动员形态 ,提高运动员机能 ,发展运动员的素质能力。随着竞技体育的发展 ,越来越重视运动员的体能训练。因此 ,对试点中学体能训练安排现状的研究有重要的意义。本文主要是从运动员素质能力进行研究 ,试点中学的运动员正处于生长发育阶段 ,运动素质训练是否科学合理 ,直接影响运动员的生长发育和运动成绩的提高。一、教练员体能训练中指导思想的分析从７２所试点中学调查情况看（见表１） ,教练员在体能训练中的指导思… 相似文献
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我国篮球运动体能训练存在的问题与解决对策 总被引：17，自引：0，他引：17
我国篮球体能训练存在思想认识重视不够、对篮球运动主要特征把握模糊、训练方法手段简单化、体能训练与专项运动脱节和体能训练缺乏系统性等问题。我国篮球教练员、运动员必须提高对体能训练重要性的认识,具有良好的体能才是取得优异成绩的保证;正确把握篮球运动项目的主要特征,根据篮球专项需要的力量素质、速度素质、耐力素质、柔韧素质进行科学训练;加强对体能训练科学方法的研究,采用多种形式提高体能训练的科学化水平,采用科学的先进技术的手段对体能训练进行监控。建议各级篮球队配置专职体能教练员,并作为制度规定下来,制定和实施全面、系统的体能训练,以利于运动员各项运动素质得到均衡发展和相互促进。 相似文献
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海南省东部地区业余体校人才现状与改善对策 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对海南省东部地区6所业余体校进行访问、调查，分析了业余体校及其教练员、运动员的现状及存在的问题。结果表明：业余体校的场地、器材设施基本满足训练的需要；训练经费不足；教练员的人数少，职称低，学历低，科研能力差；运动员的训练补助低，住宿条件差。根据实际情况，提出了改善业余体校人才状况的对策。 相似文献
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Placebo-induced performance enhancement is a new controversial issue in competitive sports. Coaches have control over the use of placebos, but their practices and attitudes were barely studied to date. In this survey 96 coaches from regional, national and international levels were asked about their practices and attitudes concerning placebo use in sports. Results revealed that 90% of the respondents were aware of placebo effects. Many (44%) coaches admitted to administering a placebo to their athletes. Those working at international level have administered placebos more often than the others (P = .02). Two thirds of the coaches agreed to the wider use of placebos in sport. Respondents who have used placebos in the past reported improved athletic performance. They also agreed more to the wider use of placebos than the coaches who previously did not use a placebo (P = .001). Team sport coaches use more often placebos than coaches working with individual athletes (P = .05). Only 10% of the sample thought that their athletes would refuse a hypothetical performance enhancer supplied by them. After a successful placebo intervention, only 15% of the coaches would administer it again without consulting the athlete. Overall, the coaches are optimistic about placebo use in sports. Close to half of them, especially those coaching at higher levels of competition, may use it regularly while achieving positive results. 相似文献
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Previous research examining labour migration in sport focused on athletes in professional team sports. The purpose of this study is to analyse the factors influencing the migration probability of elite sport coaches in Germany (i.e. national coaches, state coaches, and coaches at Olympic training bases). From a theoretical perspective, labour migration of athletes is affected by economic, social, political, competitive, geographic and cultural factors. This study examines whether these factors can be applied to coaches. Primary data were collected using an online survey of elite sport coaches in Germany. Applying a conjoint design, respondents were presented with 10 migration scenarios leading to a sample size of n?=?1860 for the empirical analysis. In the scenarios, the coaching position openings abroad differed in terms of income level, contract length, weekly workload, responsibility for personnel, reputation of coaching job, career perspectives, sporting performance of athletes, distance from Germany, and predominant job language. Coaches were asked for their migration probability contingent on the specific scenario. On average, migration probability was 24.2%. The results of regression analysis showed that higher income, contracts of longer duration, responsibility for personnel and speaking the respective language significantly increased the migration probability, while distances of nine flight hours and more, lower reputation and career perspectives reduced it. The findings have implications for policy-makers: they indicate in what areas the situation of coaches needs improvement to increase the likelihood of retaining elite sport coaches in the German sport system. 相似文献
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通过文献资料法、专家咨询法、问卷调查法、数理统计法等手段,论证了在上海市体教结合深度融合的大背景下,学校运动队建设及学校体育发展中,专业教练员是可以进行人力资源整合的有效对象,专业教练员入校园符合时代发展的需要,但在目前,教练员入校工作中还存在着包括：教练员入校园工作没有统一的准入标准和管理制度、教练员的工作还是以提高为主,没有充分发挥其专业性、教练员与学校及本校教师之间缺乏融入等问题。并提出了通过准入机制、动力机制、约束机制等的建立,进一步规范教练员入校工作,充分发挥教练员入校工作在青少年体质健康促进与后备人才培养中的积极作用。 相似文献
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Ian Sherwin Mark J. Campbell Tadhg Eoghan Macintyre 《European Journal of Sport Science》2017,17(3):271-278
Background: Coaches are central to the development of the expert performer and similarly to continued lifelong participation in sport. Coaches are uniquely positioned to deliver specific technical and tactical instruction and mentoring programmes that support the psychological and social development of athletes in a challenging, goal-oriented and motivational environment. The current study aimed to qualitatively investigate current coach learning sources and coaches’ educational backgrounds in team sports in Ireland. Methods: Coaches from five team sports in Ireland were asked to complete an online questionnaire. Subsequently male coaches (n?=?19) from five team sports who completed the questionnaire and met the inclusion criteria were invited to attend a follow-up semi-structured interview. Inclusion criteria for coaches were that they possess at least 10 years’ experience coaching their sport and were coaching more than 4 hours per week. Results/Discussion: Formal coach education does not meet the needs of high performance coaches who rely more on self-directed learning and coaching experience as their main sources of CPD. Although prior playing experience at a high level is both valuable and desirable, there are concerns about fast-tracking of ex-players into high performance coaching roles. Conclusions: Preferred sources of education and the best learning environment for coaches of team sports in Ireland are more informal than formal. Further research is needed to examine how this learning is applied in a practical manner by examining coaching behaviours and the impact it has on the athlete development process. 相似文献
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对我国运动人才培养模式的探讨 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
针对目前我国运动人才的培养模式和退役后就业困难的现状,建议各地体育部门要以为国家培养运动人才为根本和出发点,对运动员进行科学选才和科学训练,加强运动员文化等综合素质教育,改变目前体校办学方式,走联建高校运动队的发展方向,运动人才培养大学化. 相似文献
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It is now widely recognized that athletes with disability compete at an elite level which parallels that experienced by non-disabled athletes. The importance of quality coaching to develop an athlete’s full potential is similarly recognized. However, research in the area of coaching athletes with disability is still lacking compared to its counterpart in non-disabled sport. This research explored the holistic experience of coaching elite athletes with disability, and therefore encompassed not only the coaches’ preconceptions, but the rewards and challenges of their coaching experience. Semi-structured interviews were held with 12 coaches of elite athletes from sports including swimming, athletics, cycling, canoeing, triathlon, equestrian sport and wheelchair basketball. The results of the study identified that, although the coaches reported their experience as being overwhelmingly positive, they were also regularly confronted with difficulties not generally faced by coaches of non-disabled athletes. 相似文献
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采用文献资料与问卷调查等研究方法,分析上海市中学竞技体育存在的问题,制定上海市中学竞技体育发展目标和措施。如提高上海市中学竞技体育训练的科学化水平,形成小学—中学—大学的一条龙培养体系,加快中学竞技体育教练员队伍专职化、市场化建设,建立中学生运动员报考高等院校的"准入制",成立上海市中学竞技体育竞赛联盟。 相似文献