共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
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教育神经科学通过认知科学进行实验设计,利用fMRI和ERP等技术为我们打开了学习领域中关于刺激-反应模式之间的黑箱。将教育神经科学引入二语学习领域,对英语学习的敏感期、迁移机制、教学策略、思维方式等进行研究,具有非常重要的延伸和开拓意义。 相似文献
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李振文 《课程.教材.教法》2020,40(5):119-125
聚焦于核心概念可以提升学习效率,借鉴学习进阶有助于概念学习路径科学化。基于核心概念学习进阶的项目学习教学设计包括确定学习目标、开发教学内容、进行反馈三个阶段:通过提取课标建立概念网络图,依据概念发展层级模型确定学习表现;基于学习进阶设计学习过程,使得项目内容符合学生认知发展规律;依靠反馈确保项目内容与学习进阶吻合。实践表明,项目学习在促进学生概念理解方面具有优势,能够有效减小性别差异,得到师生的高度认同,可作为促进学生核心素养发展的优良选择。 相似文献
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Paul Thagard 《Interchange》1992,23(4):363-366
Bereiter argues persuasively that we need to go beyond an understanding of knowledge as merely facts and skills. But what do we know in the cognitive science of science that can help to improve teaching? Attention to the kinds of conceptual and explanatory systems found in the history of science can provide some suggestions. 相似文献
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Jan Maarschalk 《科学教学研究杂志》1988,25(2):135-146
Two stages in research on scientific literary are identified: a composite saturation stage in which definitions covered all objects of science education and a stage where researchers focused on small manageable portions of scientific literary. Initial and continuous scientific literacy research in which the focus is on cognitive preference for science and informal science teaching is described. Underlying cognitive preference is a value preference for science. Three interdependent but clearly distinguishable forms of science teaching, formal, nonformal and informal, are described. Informal science teaching is identified as a condition for and an outcome of scientific literacy. 相似文献
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杨春艳 《黑龙江教育学院学报》2012,(9):83-85
英语词汇的学习是高中生英语学习不可缺少的一部分。根据认知科学的研究,人类与外部环境相互作用的重要的认知特点是完形感知、动觉和意象。人们通过这些基本的认知特点能直接地感知外部世界,形成经验和认知的层面。这些基本层面包括基本范畴、原型,还包括意象图式和认知模式。基于此,论述认知语言学中意象图式理论和共通图式理论以及隐喻和转喻理论对英语教学有何影响,以期进一步提高英语词汇教学水平。 相似文献
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基于脑的学习理论对教学的启示 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
吴征 《安阳师范学院学报》2009,(5):112-115
根据脑科学研究新成果,结合基于脑的学习观及我国教育现状,从大脑学习过程的协同性、学习要素的互动性、情境浸润性、主体性等方面,深入剖析了学习的脑认知过程。提出根据学习者自身特点,适时创设丰富多样、富有挑战性、人文化的教学环境,引导其全脑协同构建认知结构,促进脑机能发展,有效实现脑科学研究新成果与教育过程的联结。 相似文献
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本文介绍了作者对过去30年在线学习研究的研究进展。研究如何设计在线教学是将学习科学应用于教育的一个案例。在线教学设计研究有助于发展学习科学(如认知负荷理论、多媒体学习的认知理论,以及学习的元认知、动机和情感的综合),教学科学(如有研究证据的教学设计原理不断发展)和评估科学(如多侧面的迁移测试,同时辅以保持测试和自我调查报告,学习过程中的日志文件数据,以及学习认知过程中的认知神经科学测量等)。文中反复提到的观点:学习有赖于运用教学方法,而不是单凭教学媒体就能够奏效的,在线教学设计研究应该关注数字化学习环境的特性;教学实践应建立在严谨、系统的研究基础上,包括旨在确定在线教学中有效成分的增值实验;在线学习研究应确定教学技术最有效的边界条件;在线学习研究应该起到检验和发展学习理论的作用。 相似文献
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Victoria Deneroff 《Cultural Studies of Science Education》2016,11(2):213-233
This is a narrative inquiry into the role of professional development in the construction of teaching practice by an exemplary urban high school science teacher. I collected data during 3 years of ethnographic participant observation in Marie Gonzalez’s classroom. Marie told stories about her experiences in ten years of professional development focused on inquiry science teaching. I use a social practice theory lens to analyze my own stories as well as Marie’s. I make the case that science teaching is best understood as mediated by socially-constructed identities rather than as the end-product of knowledge and beliefs. The cognitive paradigm for understanding teachers’ professional learning fails to consistently produce transformations of teaching practice. In order to design professional development with science teachers that is generative of new knowledge, and is self-sustaining, we must understand how to build knowledge of how to problematize identities and consciously use social practice theory. 相似文献
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In this paper, we characterize the inquiry practices of four elementary school teachers by means of a pedagogical framework.
Our study revealed core components of inquiry found in theoretically-driven models as well as practices that were regarded
as integral to the success of day-to-day science teaching in Singapore. This approach towards describing actual science inquiry
practices—a surprisingly neglected area—uncovered nuances in teacher instructions that can impact inquiry-based lessons as
well as contribute to a practice-oriented perspective of science teaching. In particular, we found that these teachers attached
importance to (a) preparing students for investigations, both cognitively and procedurally; (b) iterating pedagogical components
where helping students understand and construct concepts did not follow a planned linear path but involved continuous monitoring
of learning; and (c) synthesizing concepts in a consolidation phase. Our findings underscore the dialectical relationship
between practice-oriented knowledge and theoretical conceptions of teaching/learning thereby helping educators better appreciate
how teachers adapt inquiry science for different contexts. 相似文献
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资源科学是地理科学和环境科学等人才培养的重要课程,在地理学本科教学体系中占据一定地位。文章在梳理当前资源科学课程高校设置、教学问题的基础上,针对地理科学专业人才培养目标,从地理学视角尝试对资源科学类课程的教学改革进行探索。改革路径具体包括拓展资源系统体系、教学方法与模式、理论基础及教学内容;突出地理学的空间视角和综合性视角教学;加强室外实践课,以充分发挥资源科学教学实践在地理学人才培养中的作用,提升教学质量,真正激发资源科学类课程的活力和吸引力。 相似文献
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现行英语语法教学的理论基础和教学方法都远远滞后于语言学和语言教学理论的发展。本研究旨在探讨英语语法教学改革的路径,倡导基于认知语法开展自上而下的语法教学改革, 其具体内容包括: 构建认知教学语法,改变英语教师的语法观和语法教学观, 编写符合不同层次学生需求的教材或教科书, 按认知教学语法的内容和理念开展语法教学。 相似文献
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逻辑学是一门关于思维的科学,作为高校的重要基础学科之一,它对于训练学生的思维能力、提高学生的思维素养具有重要作用。随着近几年高校教学改革的深化,逻辑学教学改革也面临着一些新的困境。为了让逻辑学教学能满足社会需要,逻辑学课程在高校基础课程中受到应有的重视,我们必须从教学内容、教学方法、师资队伍建设、教学考核方式等方面继续深化逻辑学教学改革,提高其教学实效性和针对性,以此来培养学生的思维素养,提高学生的认知能力、语言表达能力和创新思维能力,推进素质教育。 相似文献
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George E. Deboer 《科学教学研究杂志》1987,24(6):527-538
The purpose of this study was to test the effectiveness of a cognitive motivational model of course selection patterns to explain the continued participation of men and women in college science courses. A number of cognitive motivational constructs were analyzed in a path model and their effect on students' intention to continue in college chemistry was determined. Variables in the model included self-perceived ability in science, future expectations, level of past success, effort expended, subjective interpretations of both past success and task difficulty, and the intention to continue in college chemistry. The results showed no sex differences in course performance, the plan to continue in chemistry, perceived ability in science, or past achievement in science courses. The path analysis did confirm the usefulness of the cognitive motivational perspective to explain the intention of both men and women to continue in science. Central to that process appears to be a person's belief about their ability. Students who had confidence in their ability in chemistry expected to do well in the future and were more likely to take more chemistry. Ability ratings in turn were dependent on a number of past achievement experiences and the personal interpretation of those experiences. 相似文献
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Nazan Uludag Bautista 《Journal of Science Teacher Education》2011,22(4):333-349
This study investigated the effectiveness of an Early Childhood Education science methods course that focused exclusively
on providing various mastery (i.e., enactive, cognitive content, and cognitive pedagogical) and vicarious experiences (i.e.,
cognitive self-modeling, symbolic modeling, and simulated modeling) in increasing preservice elementary teachers’ self-efficacy
beliefs. Forty-four preservice elementary teachers participated in the study. Analysis of the quantitative (STEBI-b) and qualitative
(informal surveys) data revealed that personal science teaching efficacy and science teaching outcome expectancy beliefs increased
significantly over the semester. Enactive mastery, cognitive pedagogical mastery, symbolic modeling, and cognitive self-modeling
were the major sources of self-efficacy. This list was followed by cognitive content mastery and simulated modeling. This
study has implications for science teacher educators. 相似文献
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Our focus is on the effects that dated ideas about the nature of science (NOS) have on curriculum, instruction and assessments. First we examine historical developments in teaching about NOS, beginning with the seminal ideas of James Conant. Next we provide an overview of recent developments in philosophy and cognitive sciences that have shifted NOS characterizations away from general heuristic principles toward cognitive and social elements. Next, we analyze two alternative views regarding ‘explicitly teaching’ NOS in pre-college programs. Version 1 is grounded in teachers presenting ‘Consensus-based Heuristic Principles’ in science lessons and activities. Version 2 is grounded in learners experience of ‘Building and Refining Model-Based Scientific Practices’ in critique and communication enactments that occur in longer immersion units and learning progressions. We argue that Version 2 is to be preferred over Version 1 because it develops the critical epistemic cognitive and social practices that scientists and science learners use when (1) developing and evaluating scientific evidence, explanations and knowledge and (2) critiquing and communicating scientific ideas and information; thereby promoting science literacy. 相似文献
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Nadine Bryce Sara E. D. Wilmes Marissa Bellino 《Cultural Studies of Science Education》2016,11(2):235-251
An effective inquiry-oriented science teacher possesses more than the skills of teaching through investigation. They must address philosophies, and ways of interacting as a member of a group of educators who value and practice science through inquiry. Professional development opportunities can support inquiry identity development, but most often they address teaching practices from limited cognitive perspectives, leaving unexplored the shifts in identity that may accompany teachers along their journey in becoming skilled in inquiry-oriented instruction. In this forum article, we envision Victoria Deneroff’s argument that “professional development could be designed to facilitate reflexive transformation of identity within professional learning environments” (2013, p. 33). Instructional coaching, cogenerative dialogues, and online professional communities are discussed as ways to promote inquiry identity formation and collaboration in ways that empower and deepen science teachers’ conversations related to personal and professional efficacy in the service of improved science teaching and learning. 相似文献
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教师教学认知能力是以教学系统为认知对象,对教学目标、学习任务、学习者特点、教学策略与方法以及教学情境等进行分析判断的能力,关系到教师专业的发展和有效教学的实现。厘清教师教学认知能力的意涵,关注教师教学认知能力培养的重要性,解析教师教学认知能力的构成要素,进而探寻其形成条件,提出发展策略与实施路径,成为新时期优化与提升教师教学认知能力的重要命题。 相似文献
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From literature on understandings of the “nature of science” (NOS), we know that sometimes scientists and others that participate in teaching and mentoring in the sciences lack an informed view of the philosophical underpinnings of their discipline. In this study, we ask whether biologists who are also teachers or mentors for college students agree with the tenets of critical contextual empiricism (CCE), a social epistemology of science that foregrounds the importance of a diversity of voices in knowledge-producing communities. We used a Q-sort methodology to examine beliefs about social knowledge construction that are related to teaching science inclusively. Overall, we found that biologists-teachers held viewpoints somewhat consistent with the tenets of Critical Contextual Empiricism. Although participants shared many beliefs in common, we found two significantly different groups of participants that were characterized under the themes “knowledge is constructed by people” and “the truth is out there.” Overall, although participants believed a diversity of cognitive resources aids scientific communities, they failed to recognize the more nuanced ways certain social interactions might impact objective knowledge production. For one group, outside of a belief that collaboration in science is valuable, other social influences on science were assumed to be negative. For a second group, the search for universal truth and the separation of rational and social aspects was critical for scientific objectivity. We use the results of our Q-sort to identify areas for professional development focused on inclusive science teaching and to recommend the explicit teaching of CCE to science educators.
相似文献