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1.
《国际创新研究学报(英文)》2021,5(2):35-55
It is often argued that the core of organizational success is efficient collaboration. Some authors even posit that efficient collaboration is more important to organizational innovation and performance than individual skills or expertise. However, the lack of efficient models to manage collaboration properly is a major constraint for organizations to profit from internal and external collaborative initiatives. Currently, much of the collaboration in organizations occurs through virtual network channels, such as e-mail, Yammer, Jabber, Microsoft Teams, Skype, and Zoom. These are even more important in situations where different time zones and even threats of a pandemic constrain face-to-face human interactions. This work introduces a multidisciplinary heuristic model developed based on project risk management and social network analysis centrality metrics graph-theory to quantitatively measure dynamic organizational collaboration in the project environment. A case study illustrates the proposed model's implementation and application in a real virtual project organizational context. The major benefit of applying this proposed model is that it enables organizations to quantitatively measure different collaborative, organizational, and dynamic behavioral patterns, which can later correlate with organizational outcomes. The model analyzes three collaborative project dimensions: network collaboration cohesion evolution, network collaboration degree evolution, and network team set variability evolution. This provides organizations an innovative approach to understand and manage possible collaborative project risks that may emerge as projects are delivered. Organizations can use the proposed model to identify projects' critical success factors by comparing successful and unsuccessful delivered projects' dynamic behaviors if a substantial number of both project types are analyzed. The proposed model also enables organizations to make decisions with more information regarding the support for changes in observed collaborative patterns as demonstrated by statistical models in general, and linear regressions in particular. Further, the proposed model provides organizations with a completely bias-free data-collection process that eliminates organizational downtime. Finally, applying the proposed model in organizations will reduce or eliminate the risks associated with virtual collaborative dynamics, leading to the optimized use of resources; this will transform organizations to become more lean-oriented and significantly contribute to economic, social, and environmental global sustainability. 相似文献
2.
《International Journal of Information Management》2017,37(6):735-740
Effective knowledge management practices in organizations are focused on knowledge creation and knowledge transfer activities. Thus, intelligence and competencies matters at the organizational workplace. For most knowledge intensive organizations is fundamental the continuous availability and development of domain expertise. This paper describes an ongoing research project to develop an organizational knowledge architecture that is being specified and developed to support collaboration tasks as well as design and model predictive data analysis and insights for organizational development. The primary goal of this research is to create a suitable architecture for use, initially, in intranet (corporate portal) collaborative procedures, but also scalable for later use in more generic forms of ontology-driven knowledge management systems. The designed architecture and functionalities aim to create coherent web data layers for intranet learning and predictive analysis, defining the vocabulary and semantics for knowledge sharing and reuse projects. Regarding intellectual capital definition, this research argues that effective knowledge management are based on the dynamic nature of the organizational knowledge, and predictive data analysis and insights identification can transform and add value to an organization. This paper presents a knowledge management and engineering perspective (ontology based) for the application of predictive analysis and insights at the organizational (corporate) workplace towards the development of the organizational learning network. 相似文献
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知识是组织生存发展的核心资源之一,组织间技术竞合是影响知识流动的重要机制。本文以竞合理论为基础,提出组织间技术合作、技术竞争、技术竞合与知识流动之间关系及创新规模差距的调节作用的理论假设,运用社会网络分析方法QAP对2008—2017年间新能源汽车领域511个样本组织进行实证检验。结果表明：组织间的技术合作、竞争对知识流动具有显著正向作用,但技术竞合对知识流动具有显著负向作用;组织间的创新规模差距会削弱技术合作关系对知识流动的正向作用,增强技术竞争关系对知识流动的正向作用,增强技术竞合关系对知识流动的负向作用。本文不仅丰富了组织间知识流动影响因素的研究,同时也能为政府部门政策决策和新能源汽车领域产业升级提供借鉴。 相似文献
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隐性知识为企业技术创新及可持续发展提供了支撑,共享、整合和利用企业内外部隐性知识的研究得到学者们的广泛关注,但现有文献对如何促进组织间隐性知识共享的关注甚少。本文选取中国东部地区的186家知识密集型企业为调查对象,探讨开放情境下核心企业的知识治理与组织间隐性知识共享的关系。研究发现：知识治理对组织间隐性知识共享具有正向影响,组织开放度在市场型和层级型知识治理对组织间隐性知识共享的影响中均具有显著的调节作用,但在社会型知识治理对组织间知识共享影响中的调节作用不显著。该研究可为企业在创新网络中获得基于知识治理的创新和竞争优势提供借鉴。 相似文献
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非营利组织文化对组织创新的作用机制研究 《科学学研究》2019,37(12):2296-2304
摘要：组织文化是非营利组织竞争中重要的软实力。本文旨在揭示非营利组织创新不是依赖于非营利组织文化中某一条件变量的强度,而是依赖于不同条件变量的组合。本文选取北京市23家非营利组织为研究对象,基于Dension组织文化模型所构建的非营利组织文化模型,运用定性比较分析（QCA）方法分析非营利组织文化对组织创新的作用机制。研究发现：非营利组织创新的文化基础是包含高参与性与高适应性两个因素的组合;在非营利组织文化外部因素和内部因素联动作用下,“高参与性*高适应性*高使命感”或者“高参与性*高适应性*高一致性”是促使组织创新的有效条件,在一定程度上,非营利组织文化要素中的员工高使命感和员工高一致性间具有替代性,但超过一定阈值,替代性将不再发挥作用;相同的非营利组织文化因素组合得分,带来的组织创新的最终得分可能相同,但组织创新内部指标得分不同。研究建议加强非营利组织组织文化中的适应性和参与性建设,协同非营利组织文化因素促进组织创新,大力培育非营利组织特色创新文化环境。 相似文献
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结合绩效评价理论、动机理论、社会交换理论和社会焦虑理论，通过对535名企业研发人员的问卷调查，实证检验了不同类型的同事评价对员工知识共享的影响机理。研究发现：（1）同事正面和负面评价对研发人员知识共享分别产生显著促进和削弱作用；（2）结果和过程导向的评价对知识共享均产生促进作用，其中，过程导向的评价对显性知识共享的促进作用更显著，结果导向的评价则对推动隐性知识共享更有效；（3）结果导向的评价弱化正面评价对显性知识共享的积极作用，过程导向的评价强化负面评价对隐性知识共享的消极作用；（4）在群体关注较高时，结果评价对显性知识共享的促进作用变强，对隐性知识共享的促进作用变得不显著。 相似文献
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《International Journal of Information Management》2014,34(2):177-184
Cloud or utility computing is an emerging new computing paradigm designed to deliver numerous computing services through networked media such as the Web. This approach offers several advantages to potential users such as “metered” use (i.e., pay-as-you-go) which offers scalability, online delivery of software and virtual hardware services (e.g., collaboration programmes, virtual servers, virtual storage devices) which would enable organizations to obviate the need to own, maintain and update their software and hardware infrastructures. The flexibility of this emerging computing service has opened many possibilities for organizations that did not exist before. Among those organizations are those engaged in healthcare provision. The aim of this article is to shed some light on this development and explore the potential (and future) of cloud computing in contributing to the advancement of healthcare provision. A small case study will also be presented and discussed. 相似文献
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Knowledge sharing can be viewed as an organizational innovation that has the potential to generate new ideas and develop new business opportunities through socialization and learning process of knowledge workers. Moreover, numerous scholars have proposed that interpersonal trust is an important facilitator of knowledge sharing. This study aims to develop a research model examining how organizational support influences the intention to facilitate knowledge sharing through organizational perceptions of innovation characteristics (perceived relative advantage and compatibility) and interpersonal trust. Data from a survey of senior executives in Taiwan were used to test the proposed research model. Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to examine the validity of the measurement model, and the structural model also was analyzed to test the associations hypothesized in the research model. The results showed that organizational support is positively associated with organizational perceptions of innovation characteristics (perceived relative advantage and compatibility) and interpersonal trust, which in turn are positively related to organizational intention to facilitate knowledge sharing. Implications for organizations are also discussed. 相似文献
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针对虚拟研发组织的特点和需求,采用工作流与Web服务技术,设计了一个基于SOA的协同管理平台,分离了研发管理的核心业务逻辑和流程控制逻辑,采用面向语义的流程服务模型构建了Web服务的执行环境,以提高业务服务和流程服务的动态发现和建模能力。 相似文献
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多元化劳动力异质性知识激发创新的同时,也为组织带来诸多管理挑战,因而求同用异的人力资源实践成为学界与业界关注的热点。基于此,本研究基于资源保存理论,界定了多元包容性人力资源实践(DI-HRP)的内涵构成,揭示了其通过工作繁荣对员工创新行为的影响机理,考察了共享型领导在其间的调节作用。本研究通过对37家企业461个有效样本的多时点追踪与分层回归分析发现：(1)DI-HRP正向影响员工创新行为;(2)工作繁荣在DI-HRP对员工创新行为的影响间起中介作用;(3)共享型领导正向调节DI-HRP对工作繁荣和员工创新行为的直接影响以及其通过工作繁荣对员工创新行为的间接作用。 相似文献
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在"互联网+"协同创新背景下,基于跨组织知识转化SECI拓展模型,采用模糊层次分析法(FAHP)计算获得相关指标对跨组织知识转化知识价值增值的重要性程度,并对关键因素进行分析和探究,从而为促进"互联网+"协同创新背景下跨组织知识转化,以及提高知识增值提出相关管理建议。研究表明:(1)在跨组织知识转化各过程中,外部知识内部化对知识增值的影响最大,其次为内部知识外部化过程,外部环境相对最小;(2)组织结构和知识吸收能力、组织开放性和知识传递能力、组织网络嵌入性为各跨组织知识转化过程中影响知识增值的关键因素;(3)跨组织知识转化中的知识增值主要受到组织自身属性及其能力的影响。 相似文献
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知识网络结构及其对知知识管理的启示 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
组织中知识的基本载体互相联结,形成组织的内部知识网络;与组织外部的知识载体进行物质和信息交换,形成组织的外部知识网络．组织内外部知识网络的结构影响组织绩效．从知识网络结构的一个方面,即网络闭合性角度展开研究,提出了知识管理的三个原则和三个方法,前者包括提高内部网络的闭合性、降低外部网络的闭合性以及平衡两者关系,后者包括知识载体网络化、知识网络模块化和外部知识获取行为制度化． 相似文献
13.
This study introduces the concept of outsourcing appropriation based on adaptive structuration theory (AST) to explore how organizations attain IT-dependent organizational agility through outsourcing appropriation. It examines the mediating role of IT alignment and the moderating roles of the adoption of cloud computing and knowledge transfer. The proposed model was tested using survey data from a sample of 170 IT executives. Our results indicate that the consensus of appropriation (COA) and faithfulness of appropriation (FOA) are positively associated with IT-dependent organizational agility, and the relationships are partially mediated by IT alignment. When adoption of cloud computing is high, the positive relationship between IT alignment and IT-dependent organizational agility becomes stronger than when it is low. Interestingly, results also show that the moderating roles of the transfer of explicit knowledge and transfer of tacit knowledge in the relationship between outsourcing appropriation and IT-dependent organizational agility vary significantly. The transfer of explicit knowledge negatively moderates the relationship between COA and agility. The transfer of tacit knowledge positively moderates the relationship between FOA and agility. These findings deepen our understanding of how organizations gain IT-dependent organizational agility in the context of IT outsourcing. 相似文献
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《International Journal of Information Management》2014,34(6):770-779
Project-based organizations (PBO) are nowadays widespread in almost all the activity sectors. This type of organizations poses complex problems for information and knowledge management due to the fragmentation and lack of uniformity of organizational structures, processes, practices, and technologies. The ineffectiveness of knowledge sharing over time, between project teams, is perhaps the most prominent issue that PBO must deal with. This strongly affects organizational learning, which seems to under-deliver value to PBO. Therefore, relevant knowledge is trapped in an “informational limbo” out of reach, not being capitalized for the organization. This is particularly true in research and development (R&D) institutions, where knowledge sharing can be hindered by conceptual misunderstandings resulting from different disciplines, cultures and ways of working of project participants. This paper addresses such issues by analyzing, in a comprehensive way, how information and knowledge management can better suit project team's needs and at the same time improve organizational learning. An ethnographic study, based on immersed participant observation, is performed at a Portuguese R&D Institute, in order to understand the link between the way information is managed in a project and how people interact and learn by sharing knowledge between projects. Results provide a set of enterprise information management (EIM) recommendations. Findings also suggest that a PBO-wide EIM strategy, balancing knowledge codification and personalization mechanisms, is a feasible solution to overcome the problems of knowledge sharing in PBO. 相似文献
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《International Journal of Information Management》2017,37(6):583-589
The research question is: How can intellectual property rights (IPRs) influence trust, attitudes, commitment, knowledge sharing, and innovation in inter-organisational project teams?The four strategically selected team cases include eight global knowledge-intensive industrial oil service companies in Norway. The methodology included 24 in-depth interviews done in 2016.The study finds that formal intellectual property rights are key to building up and keeping trust in the team and also for building up the right attitudes within the team. The IPRs increased the innovativeness in the team and incremental innovations. The IPRs fostered a unique knowledge sharing in these four teams enabling them to work towards innovative solutions and delivering in time. Formal IPŔs foster informal trust and expertise sharing and by that also the inter- organizational cooperation. The confidence and knowledge sharing strengthen the possibility for future collaboration and innovations both on an individual level and on a corporate level. The theoretical implication of our findings is that IPRs increase the trust, commitment, and attitudes within the team providing knowledge sharing and innovativeness for improved solutions and results. IPRs are positive for collaboration, and they are complementary governance mechanisms.The practical implication is that IPRs must be defined and accepted before the corporations start up the inter-organizational teamwork. The contract typology should in the start up be sensitizing giving directions and security and in the end definitive. 相似文献
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企业组织创新过程中的学习机制及知识管理 总被引：47，自引：1，他引：46
知识经济时代成功的企业必定是致力于创新的、柔性的和知识生产与管理型企业;而实现企业的知识化改造,有效的组织创新是重要途径之一。本文借助于组织学习理论对学习过程的揭示,分析了企业组织创新的内在过程,以及蕴涵在其中的组织学习和知识管理机制的模式、特点,并作为例证考察了导向虚拟企业和事业部制的组织创新模式。 相似文献
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基层科研组织是当代社会组织结构的重要组成部分,在社会治理中扮演着重要角色。基于对西北七县的实证考察,研究探讨了基层科研组织在中国北方荒漠化防治中的作用。研究发现：（1）被调查者对基层科研组织的了解虽然有限,但对其作用的评价却很高,二者存在倒U型相关关系;（2）基层科研组织在荒漠化防治中的功能多样化,但主要集中在政策建议和科研活动等方面;（3）基层科研组织的组织间结构安排机制多样化,但垂直控制关系明显;（4）基层科研组织的地方性组织优势突出,但由于资金支持不足和自身组织结构等问题,其发展受到限制;（5）要改进基层科研组织在荒漠化防治中的参与功能,首先要改革其组织机构,并加大对其的资金支持等;（6）影响基层科研组织作用评价的因素和途径多种多样,需进一步研究。这些发现不仅为进一步探讨基层科研组织在荒漠化治理中的作用奠定了基础,而且为探讨其它类型的科研组织在社会治理中的作用提供了理论基础和实证参考。 相似文献
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Nonprofit organizations (NPOs) are in crisis due to the introduction of new public management. Social intelligence represents organizational members’ tacit knowledge, abilities and skills to sense and understand the needs of external stakeholders, and constantly interact appropriately with the stakeholders for the benefits of their firm. Using 20 qualitative semi-structured in-depth interviews across nine Australian NPOs as the central instrument, this paper argues that social intelligence acts as a catalyst to external knowledge acquisition, which can have a dynamic influence on human capital development and organizational learning for innovation in NPOs. The analysis also reveals that half of the participants’ understandings of social intelligence are different to those commonly contained in the literature. The paper argues that a better understanding of the theory–practice divide of social intelligence is necessary if knowledge management, organizational learning and an intellectual capital-view of the firm are to be fully integrated. 相似文献