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组织结构特性与组织知识创新间关系的实证研究框架 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
从组织管理的角度切入,在对相关文献深入研究的基础上,揭示组织结构特性与组织知识创新的相关性,以及组织结构特性与组织激励、信息技术、组织外部环境等的互动与协同对组织知识创新所起的作用,为组织结构特性与组织知识创新间关系的实证研究建立理论框架。 相似文献
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识别出组织存在的知识缺口是组织进行集成创新的前提。而现有对组织知识缺口识别方法的研究很少关注组织拥有知识的内在结构特性。为此,本文引入组织知识结构概念,从组织拥有知识之间的内在关联出发提出一种识别组织知识缺口的方法。该方法首先采用树形结构表示组织知识结构,建立组织知识需求的知识结构和知识储备的知识结构。然后利用树的匹配算法对知识需求的知识结构与储备的知识结构进行匹配处理,识别出组织的知识缺口。最后以LED专利为背景对该识别方法进行验证。实验结果证明该方法具有良好的效果,能够精确地识别出组织当前缺乏的知识及知识间的层次关系,并有助于组织准确快速地制定弥补策略。 相似文献
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《The Journal of High Technology Management Research》2014,25(1):83-95
To speed up strategic alliance in R&D activities, different forms of R&D organization structures can be summarized into different roles including the input-oriented, the output-oriented, and the matrix organization structure. The most common mode of strategic alliance consists of horizontal and vertical integrations. However, the study adopting absorptive capacity to examine the impacts of different R&D organization structures on the performance of firms at different alliance modes has never been discussed. Therefore, the paper employs absorptive capacity to mediate the relationships between different R&D organization structures and the performance of firms. Since the theory of transaction cost economics is inadequate for addressing how well the technological knowledge develops in the organization. A conceptual model to analyze the tension between product strategies and their strategy implementation is proposed to challenge the vacancy. Practical investigation shows that a matrix R&D organizational structure mainly transfers knowledge to input-oriented R&D organizational structures in horizontal integration, and mainly integrates capabilities from output-oriented organizational structures in vertical integration. The result implies that stronger institutional environments lead to a stronger link between product strategies and their performance in vertical integration. Oppositely, the link is strengthened if more favorable attitudes and weaker management controls are present in horizontal integrations. 相似文献
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《International Journal of Information Management》2017,37(4):313-316
In an increasingly globalized and hyper connected business environment, using knowledge strategically is often critical for competitive performance. This article is motivated to illuminate the notion of strategic knowledge management (SKM) in organizations. In this regard, executives need to develop an informed understanding of what types of organizational knowledge (and how much) can be ‘structured’ and/or allowed to ‘proliferate’ in order to sustain both work productivity and innovation capacity toward a harmonious conceptualization of strategic knowledge in their organizations. This conceptual paper is based on analysing certain exemplars of why organizations need to put greater emphasis on the equivalence between codification and personalization in the context of strategic knowledge management. Our explanations on managing strategic knowledge through different examples provide insights and pitfalls that organizations must be aware of and are as follows. Firstly, we argue that an exclusive emphasis on codification or personalization runs the risk of ‘knowledge structuration’ or ‘knowledge proliferation’ respectively in an organization’s strategic knowledge management. Secondly, executives should continuously realize the need to emphasize on equivalence (or congruence) between codification and personalization aspects of SKM in order to keep enduring work productivity and innovation capacity in organizations. Thirdly, we argue that SKM initiatives that prodigiously focus on either codification or personalization can lead to pitfalls despite plenty of managerial interventions. We further believe that our proposed ideas will be worthwhile considerations for executives/leaders responsible for strategy, IT and innovation divisions of the organization to determine whether its organization’s knowledge engine is running smoothly, and if not, where to direct their energy to yield long term and robust outcomes. 相似文献
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供应链创新研发组织结构与企业创新绩效 《科学学研究》2021,39(2):375-384
为了响应快速变化的客户偏好,企业必须依赖于供应链合作伙伴的创新以给客户提供额外的价值。本文探讨了研发组织结构对企业利用供应商和客户创新的影响。虽同为供应链成员,但供应商和客户所提供知识类型和知识整合难度均存在明显差异,这需要匹配以不同的研发组织结构模式。利用制造业上市公司数据进行了验证,所得主要结论如下：相比客户创新,供应商创新对企业创新绩效的促进效应更为显著;集中研发组织的长期导向更有利于企业对供应商创新的利用,而分散研发组织的市场导向更有利于企业对客户创新的利用。 相似文献
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知识治理是指从组织战略出发、运用一系列治理手段作用于知识活动、以实现组织目标的组织安排,其强调提升知识过程的组织能力。知识治理超越了知识管理的范畴,为组织与知识之间的衔接提供了一种新的理论解释。当前知识治理仍处于研究初期,急需对知识治理的概念内涵和理论架构形成一致认识,以搭建知识治理的理论框架。因此,本文运用文献分析法对国内外知识治理相关文献进行了梳理,对知识治理的源起、理论基础以及内容要素方面的前沿研究进行了系统分析,在此基础上构建了包含知识目标、知识治理手段、原则、对象与绩效的知识治理研究框架,并展望了未来的研究方向,以期为知识治理研究的深入探讨提供导引。 相似文献
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在企业内部组建一定形式的知识管理组织结构有利于组织的知识创造.在分析Klas Eric Solerquist对跨国制造企业知识管理组织调研成果的基础上.从知识创造的模式、条件及过程等方面,对企业知识管理组织功能进行了深入分析,在此基础上,提出了一种基于知识面向任务的三维立体知识管理组织框架,并结合实例对框架进行了分析. 相似文献
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Purpose – This paper aims to explore the role of internal and external knowledge-based linkages across the supply chain in achieving better operational performance. It investigates how knowledge is accumulated, shared, and applied to create organization-specific knowledge resources that increase and sustain the organization’s competitive advantage. Design/methodology/approach – This paper uses a single case study with multiple, embedded units of analysis, and the social network analysis (SNA) to demonstrate the impact of internal and external knowledge-based linkages across multiple tiers in the supply chain on the organizational operational performance. The focal company of the case study is an Italian manufacturer supplying rubber components to European automotive enterprises. Findings – With the aid of the SNA, the internal knowledge-based linkages can be mapped and visualized. We found that the most central nodes having the most connections with other nodes in the linkages are the most crucial members in terms of knowledge exploration and exploitation within the organization. We also revealed that the effective management of external knowledge-based linkages, such as buyer company, competitors, university, suppliers, and subcontractors, can help improve the operational performance. Research limitations/implications – First, our hypothesis was tested on a single case. The analysis of multiple case studies using SNA would provide a deeper understanding of the relationship between the knowledge-based linkages at all levels of the supply chain and the integration of knowledge. Second, the static nature of knowledge flows was studied in this research. Future research could also consider ongoing monitoring of dynamic linkages and the dynamic characteristic of knowledge flows. Originality/value – To the best of our knowledge, the phrase ‘knowledge-based linkages’ has not been used in the literature and there is lack of investigation on the relationship between the management of internal and external knowledge-based linkages and the operational performance. To bridge the knowledge gap, this paper will show the importance of understanding the composition and characteristics of knowledge-based linkages and their knowledge nodes. In addition, this paper will show that effective management of knowledge-based linkages leads to the creation of new knowledge and improves organizations’ operational performance. 相似文献
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本文基于华为公司的创新实践,运用案例研究方法,深入探讨了后发高新技术企业创新能力演化规律和提升机制。研究发现：（1）从资源管理的视角,后发高新技术企业在初级生产阶段、国际化开拓阶段、全球化扩张阶段、创新引领阶段发展历程中创新能力沿着资源建构能力——资源拼凑能力——资源整合能力——资源治理能力的轨迹演化;（2）战略对机会窗口的匹配性决策是后发高新技术企业创新能力能够实现提升的前提和基础,是创新能力提升的先导机制,战略决策对机会窗口的识别、拦截、预测、创造决定着整个组织的发展方向,也决定了创新能力发展;（3）后发高新技术企业创新能力提升的深层机制是,不同阶段的知识结构及学习模式形成一个螺旋递进的上升机制。初级生产阶段实现了积累性学习模式下的组织显性知识积累,国际化开拓阶段达到忘却性学习主导下的组织显性知识的质变,全球化扩张阶段实现积累性学习模式主导下的显隐性知识并重的知识体系,创新引领阶段在积累性学习与忘却性学习的平衡中实现知识的开发与创新。 相似文献
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全球创新网络发展中,国际人才是组织知识创新的关键要素,向内重塑组织知识结构,向外提升组织知识创新影响力。本文以人工智能为例,基于USPTO和WOS数据库,分析国际人才对组织知识创造的影响,通过社会网络分析方法,刻画科学合作网络与专利合作网络特征,并进一步研究国际人才对组织在知识网络中位势的影响。研究结论显示,国际人才对组织实现科学新知识创造产生显著的正向影响,对组织在知识创新网络的位势具有显著的正向影响。本文的主要贡献在于从科学和技术合作网络视角验证了国际人才在新知识创造中的重要作用,并打开了国际人才影响创新组织在知识网络位势的黑箱,这对于我国构建全球创新网络具有重要现实意义。 相似文献
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组织社会化、信任、知识分享与创新行为:机制与路径研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
组织成员的创新行为直接关系到企业的生存和发展.作为影响组织成员创新行为的重要变量,目前关于组织社会化与创新行为关系的实证研究却比较少.本文以中国华南地区的企业员工为调查对象,对组织社会化与创新行为的关系以及信任、知识分享在其中所起的作用进行了实证研究.在文献研究和系统验证组织社会化、信任、知识分享和创新行为变量信度与效度的基础上,结构方程模型分析的结果表明:组织社会化对信任与知识分享产生正向影响,组织社会化还通过信任对知识分享产生正向影响,组织社会化进一步通过信任、知识分享对创新行为产生正向影响,即组织成员的信任、知识分享在组织社会化与创新行为之间起着中介作用. 相似文献
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现有西方跨国公司组织设计框架无法反映中国本土跨国企业获取国外知识的动机,也无法解释其多样化的、非典型的组织结构形态如何与经营战略相匹配。根据结构追随战略的组织设计范式,本文构建了中国本土跨国企业组织结构与知识获取动机相匹配的分析框架,论证了它们对“全球一体化——当地响应”之间冲突的权衡决定了其重点获取知识的类型,并进而影响了多元化行为和与之匹配的组织结构形态。即侧重获取国外产品技术知识的中国跨国企业,较适合采用产品多元化扩张和偏向产品维度的组织结构;侧重获取国外市场运营知识的,较适合采用地区多元化扩张和偏向地区维度的组织结构;如果对技术知识和市场知识并重,会较多地采用混合多元化扩张,并采用产品和地区维度相混合的组织结构。 相似文献
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Social media challenge knowledge management because of encouraging conversations, networking and participation in more distributed, diverse and dynamic ways of knowledge development and increasingly important individuals’ interests driving them. Hence, we need to understand the complex relationships between different qualities of knowledge developed in informal and formal processes as well as for overcoming misalignments in routines, tools and infrastructures supporting organizational knowledge creation. This paper contributes a maturation perspective towards explaining organizational knowledge creation and presents a knowledge maturing model, which is grounded in organizational practice and validated with qualitative and quantitative empirical and design studies. The results describe how characteristics of knowledge and support by IT change between phases of knowledge maturing. Our findings confirm theories of organizational knowledge creation with respect to expanding scopes from individuals through communities to organizations moving from interest-driven knowledge exploration in informal contexts to goal-driven knowledge exploitation in formal contexts. The maturation perspective adds to our understanding that organizational knowledge creation is not simply a continuous process. Phases that emphasize changeability alternate with phases concerned with stability. Knowledge develops in contexts that need to switch multiple times between opening up for new knowledge and filtering relevant knowledge and between de- and re-contextualization. 相似文献
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Knowledge processes (knowledge creation, retention, and sharing) are influenced by organizational structure, and governance and coordination mechanisms. While project-based organizational structures facilitate knowledge creation; they can hinder knowledge retention and sharing without adequate governance mechanisms. Drawing from the knowledge management and knowledge governance literatures, this paper proposes knowledge governance mechanisms – consensus-based hierarchy, shared human resource practices, and performance measures and output control – that promote knowledge processes in project-based organizations (PBOs). The functioning of knowledge governance is described in a Japanese PBO, Maekawa Manufacturing Ltd. Although the case indicates that both soft and hard dimensions of knowledge governance support knowledge processes, soft dimensions are prioritized in this particular organization. Some implications and suggestions for further research are given. 相似文献
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破坏事件作为组织负效应的研究分支被组织创新领域学者广泛关注,近期基于创新理论与非契约治理中的组织惯例研究意识到,组织内外基于颠覆性创新的不同类型破坏事件有可能对组织惯例的非契约治理结果存在不同影响。基于此,本文结合双元创新理论与社会网络理论,以组织适应性作为因变量,探究不同阶段破坏事件发生的情况下双元惯例的治理选择问题。实证结果表明,在一阶破坏水平高而二阶破坏水平低的情况下利用式惯例与探索式惯例对组织适应性同样有效;在一阶破坏水平低而二阶破坏水平高的情况下探索式惯例对组织适应性存在正向促进作用而利用式惯例对组织适应性存在负向抑制作用。研究结论有利于理解破坏事件通过惯例促进组织适应性与组织绩效原因,并为企业如何利用组织双元惯例在组织变革中存活与提升组织适应性提供理论依据。 相似文献
17.
Intellectual capital and organizational organic structure in knowledge society: How are these concepts related? 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Majid Ramezan 《International Journal of Information Management》2011,31(1):88-95
This paper seeks to investigate the relationship between organizational organic structure and intellectual capital improvement. Researches show that the organic structure and intellectual capital have a strong relationship but this relationship has not been examined systematically. This paper reviews the important theoretical work in both streams of research, highlighting the fundamental similarities and differences. Models of intellectual capital are compared, and the distinction between social, human and organizational capital is examined. The nature of organizational organic structure is presented. We examine the relationship between organic structure and intellectual capital improvement. Then the impact of organic structure on information management and information processing capability is examined.The results support the view that organic structure has a positive impact on intellectual capital. Therefore, the organic structure can improve intellectual capital in the organization.This study helps managers to design flexible and dynamic organizational structures to enhance the intellectual capital in the organization and increase the ability to compete. 相似文献
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International strategy is enhanced by organizations’ ability to learn in host markets; yet, it remains ambiguous how post-entry knowledge gaps between home – and host country shape MNE’s absorptive capacity. This article builds on the specific contributions of ‘extreme case’ internationalization to advance literature in this field. We foster the understanding of the role of rare knowledge and the mechanisms that link knowledge acquisition to absorptive capacity dynamics used in the internationalization path of multinational enterprises (MNEs). We opt for in-depth qualitative research into the post-entry phase of ‘extreme’ (thus particularly crude) international joint venture (IJV) investment, and analyze the perspective of managers from a developed economy MNE located in a high-risk, weak-institutions host country. The firm’s absorptive capacity and its interaction with external environments that are categorized into four distinct contexts are found to be contingent upon pro-active experiential learning, concurrent to managerial willingness and simultaneous organizational commitments to learning and to exploiting rare knowledge. We thus uncover managerial perceptions of a knowledge gap identified as host-country challenges and resulting managerial solutions, which reveal rare learning opportunities and knowledge exploitation dynamics. The capacity to compensate for knowledge gaps is a critical key within the design and consolidation of an alternative internationalization path for developed-country MNEs. This challenges the traditional risk–return–commitment dependencies in prior literature. 相似文献
20.
Knowledge management (KM) in project-based organizations has received substantial attention in recent years, as knowledge processes are insufficiently supported within the organization as a whole. This study specifically focuses on the project actor’s role in managing knowledge. From an actor’s perspective, the problems raised by knowledge embeddedness are identified as a key issue to link project knowledge and organizational knowledge. A conceptual framework is developed that addresses three different aspects of knowledge embeddedness: a relational dimension, a temporal dimension and a structural dimension. Three cases are studied, covering varying forms of organizations in different areas (a consulting firm, an R&D department and an industrial business unit). The results concerning the relational dimension indicate that project actors re-build the network of relationships supporting knowledge. Regarding the temporal dimension, and specifically in their professional field, actors frame professional knowledge related to their project experience. However, actors fail to surmount the problems raised by the structural dimension of knowledge embeddedness. The resulting recommendations for KM concern both Human Resource Management practices and organizational design. 相似文献