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1.
In this study, we explore the coordination performance of the geographically distributed software development teams by exploring OSS (Open Source Software) development dataset available through SourceForge.com. OSS team structures have traditionally been geographically dispersed and therefore, the coordination of post release activities such as testing efforts have been carried out by means of communication via electronic forms, such as email or message boards and forums. In our current communication-enriched environment, best practices for coordination are adopted by all software projects yet some still fail to achieve their target performance. Does team structure have any bearing on the performance outcome of the project? How does the communication between teams and their external parties affect ultimate success or failure of projects? We seek to answer above questions by applying existing theories and analytical methods from social networks for exploring the coordination performance of defect management activities found in OSS projects. We propose social networks based theoretical model for exploring distributed coordination structure and apply that for the case of OSS defect management process for exploring the structural properties, which induce the greatest coordination performance. The outcome of our suggest that there is correlation between certain network measures such as density, centrality and betweenness and coordination performance measures of defect management systems such as quality and timeliness. 相似文献
2.
Open source is an example of user-centric innovation initiated by an individual or group of users to satisfy their specific needs; the more a software evolves towards a stable release able to address the requirements of its developers, the more successful the project. In this paper we use a large data-set obtained from SourceForge.net to estimate the relationship between a series of different characteristics of OS projects and the probability of evolution of the source code from a preliminary release to a mature version. We show that while projects distributed under highly restrictive licensing terms (GPL) have a significantly smaller probability of reaching a stable release, applications towards sophisticated users have a larger probability of evolving in the development status. Interestingly, we find that the size of the “community of developers” increases the chances of progress but this effect decreases as the community gets larger, a signal of possible coordination problems. 相似文献
3.
《国际创新研究学报(英文)》2022,6(3):156-168
The paper examines the relationship between gamification – the use of game elements in non-gaming contexts – and innovation teams’ outcomes. It builds on psychological and teamwork theories, arguing that gamification overcomes collaboration issues and generates multiple positive outcomes, particularly in coordination, alignment, engagement, and teams’ motivation. The research follows a qualitative theory-driven using a case study of an innovation project. The conceptual model built through the findings offers valuable insights about applying gamification in innovation teams, namely: i) surprising teams with such a new and playful approach reduces stress among team members; ii) rules and time constraints play a crucial role in teams’ coordination by avoiding dispersion and enhancing focused efforts. The paper provides a set of testable theoretical propositions derived from the conceptualization of gamification in the context of innovation teams. It supports innovation managers interested in measuring gamification outcomes in teams. 相似文献
4.
Martin Hoegl 《Research Policy》2004,33(8):1153-1165
Innovation teams vary in terms of team members’ proximity, i.e., the degree to which all team members are in direct vicinity over the duration of the project. The proximity of team members, however, has potentially important implications for the collaborative working of teams. In this paper, we develop and test hypotheses relating team members’ proximity to the performance-relevant team collaborative processes included in Hoegl and Gemuenden's [Organization Science 12 (4) (2001) 435] teamwork quality framework, i.e., communication, coordination, balance of member contributions, mutual support, effort, and cohesion. Using data from 430 team members and team leaders of 145 software development teams, the results of the regression models show that team members’ proximity is significantly related to teamwork quality. However, the magnitude of the relationship between proximity and teamwork quality varies among the six facets of teamwork quality. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed. 相似文献
5.
《Information processing & management》2020,57(6):102343
This study tested how and when leaders’ information seeking from team members influenced team performance and innovation. We developed and examined a model by considering team reflexivity as a mediator and cooperative outcome interdependence as a moderator. The sample comprised 83 work teams and 253 team members from a pharmaceutical firm in China. Multiple-source, time-lagged data were used to test our hypotheses. Based on the social information processing theory, the current study demonstrated that leader information seeking is positively linked to team performance and team innovation. These relationships were mediated by team reflexivity. Further, the positive relationship between leader information seeking and team reflexivity was enhanced when team cooperative outcome interdependence was higher. The indirect effect of leader information seeking on team performance and innovation via team reflexivity was stronger when team cooperative outcome interdependence was higher. We provide empirical and practical implications for information seeking in the workplace. 相似文献
6.
《International Journal of Information Management》2014,34(4):533-545
User related issues have long been broadly discussed in the information system development (ISD) project research area. In this study, we focus on user risk and identify two risk countering approaches to demonstrate how to deal with user risk and its negative impact on ISD projects. We hypothesize that (1) user risk has a negative impact on project performance, (2) users’ bond with the project and the development team can help reduce user risk, and (3) developers’ task knowledge and vertical coordination can ease the negative impact of user risk and increase project performance. A quantitative approach with survey data collected from 240 practitioners confirmed our hypotheses. In addition, we interviewed seven developers and three user representatives to complete our understanding of this issue. Implications for academia and practitioners are discussed at the end of this paper. Suggestions for future research directions are also provided. 相似文献
7.
In this paper, we study the role of temporal coordination in managing the early stages of innovation (aka fuzzy front-end) in the context of virtual teams. Following a comparative case study approach, we detail the role of temporal coordination through the study of two contrasting virtual teams—one with a 24-h lifespan, and one with a five-month lifespan—from two Industry-Academia collaboration projects. Our approach was longitudinal capturing virtual team activities from start to end of each project, and involved multiple data collection methods, including observations and interviews. The findings reveal that the virtual team lifespan influences the type of temporal coordination that emerges. In virtual teams with short lifespans, tight coordination with frequent communication can help to reduce the uncertainty characterizing the fuzzy front-end. On the other hand, in virtual teams with longer lifespans, loose coordination allows dispersed members to work simultaneously on different, complementary aspects of the task at hand. These findings extend scholarly understanding around how innovation activities are coordinated in technology-mediated environments, such as virtual teams. Finally, we discuss theoretical and managerial implications. 相似文献
8.
Research into the role of routine change has been conducted in relatively stable and structured organizational settings. This study extends the current understanding of routine change to more fluid organizational forms. Drawing on the literature in organizational routines and routine change, we develop and test a model that captures the dynamic relationships among routine change, routine diversity, and project performance in the context of open-source software development. By sequence-mining the digital trace data of OSS projects, we show that routine change reduces project popularity; however, this effect is mitigated as routine diversity increases. Thus, routine diversity provides a coping mechanism for participants to adapt to changing routines. This study reveals the dynamics in open-source development routines and their effects on project popularity, which can apply to various other fluid organizational forms. 相似文献
9.
本文应用理性行为理论,构建了项目经理魅力领导影响项目团队知识转移的模型。以项目经理魅力型领导作为自变量,团队成员心理安全感为中介变量,知识转移意愿为因变量,研究三者之间的影响关系,并探讨环境动态性在该影响关系中所起的调节作用。本文选取245名项目团队成员为研究样本,采用层级回归法进行数据分析。结果显示,项目经理魅力型领导对团队成员知识转移意愿有显著的正向影响;心理安全感在魅力型领导和知识转移意愿关系中起中介作用;环境动态性负向调节心理安全感对知识转移意愿的正向影响。本文研究发现不仅丰富了领导行为和知识转移的相关研究,还可以指导项目团队采取相关管理措施提升团队成员知识转移意愿,促进项目内知识转移,进而提高项目管理效率。 相似文献
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企业技术创新人才应该作为人力资本参与技术创新成果的利益分配,根据企业技术创新项目的不同类型可以设立不同的EVA分成率标准,然后对技术创新项目成员进行“二次分配”。在研发型项目中,EVA值的确定可以视研发成果的获取利润的两种途径进行评定,然后依据技术创新人才在项目中角色绩效进行“二次分配”;而应用型项目的EVA值主要是通过项目实施前后企业收益差减去资本成本得到的,对项目成员奖励时采用“关键节点重要性衡量法”进行评定。 相似文献
11.
文章运用共享心智模型描述团队的知识共享和态度、信念的协同性,并对学术团队共享心智模型的结构进行验证性研究,根据样本数据调研结果分析认为团队内在价值意义水平对于团队知识创新能力的作用要明显高于隐性知识共享水平,因此从提高团队成员的团队文化和谐、激励机制合理、团队结构合适等具体方面着手,在各个细节上保障,充分体现团队成员个体利益及共享信念的认可度对于提高团队知识创新能力具有重要意义。 相似文献
12.
新产品开发是一项跨职能的项目组织活动，其创新绩效受到项目成员间信任关系、团队领导方式及项目组织结构形态的综合影响，。论文基于相互依存性理论研究了三者团队信任、共享领导力对新产品开发创新绩效的作用机理。研究结果表明：目标明确性和任务互依性能促进团队信任程度增加，共享领导力在团队信任对创新绩效的作用关系中起到完全中介作用。此外，新产品开发采取的项目组织结构形态在团队信任、共享领导力、创新绩效的作用路径中起到明显调节作用。研究成果明确了共享领导力的机制设计对于提升新产品开发绩效起到十分重要作用，这为跨职能组织的团队管理提供了参考。 相似文献
13.
Technological innovations often involve collaboration among firms from diverse industries. Existing literature has largely viewed participant diversity as a conduit for non-redundant information or complementary resources, thereby affecting the ex-post outcomes of innovation projects. However, it is seldom examined how projects are initially evaluated during the resource competition stage. In this study, we develop a theory of diversity as a cognitive primer, asking how collaborators from diverse backgrounds may affect external reviewers’ ex-ante evaluation of potential merits of an innovation project. We argue that there are two logics at work in the process of evaluating innovations: the logic of technological advancement and the logic of market value. When an innovation project involves firms from diverse industries, it may be perceived as having a fuzzier market identity, hence making it less appealing to reviewers who hold with the strong market value logic. However, the penalty associated with participant diversity should be less pronounced among reviewers who hold the technological advancement logic. We also expect the relationship between participant diversity and reviewers’ ratings to be moderated by project novelty and fuzziness of technology category. We find support for our hypotheses with a sample of collaborative innovation projects funded by the Advanced Technology Program of the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology. 相似文献
14.
高校图书馆科技工作站在科研项目管理中起着重要参谋作用,科研项目管理作为高校图书馆开展创新服务的一项重要工作,涉及到一些方法和具体问题,有必要从理论和实践两个方面加以深入分析。概述科研项目管理的理论实践要素,及国外科研项目管理研究现状,探讨科研成果评估指标、权重的设置方法及科研项目成果转化率问题。分析高校图书馆与学校科研处的工作关系及流程。,提出高校图书馆在开展创新服务及科研项目管理工作中应采用优选的软件系统、构建群组集成知识平台等建议,以期为科研项目管理提供可靠基础支撑。 相似文献
15.
随着中央财政科技计划管理改革的不断深化,以及地方科技创新体制的改革创新,科研基金申报竞争日益剧增。建立高效的科技创新机制,引进、评估与培养德才兼备的科研项目申报人员,成为项目申报成功的关键。项目申报人员需要具备政策研究、沟通协调、组织管理、报告编制等业务技能,对申报人员进行基本职业素养、业务技能、再创新能力等方面进行有的放矢的培养,能够提升申报人员的核心职业能力,稳定人才团队,推动企业科技创新。 相似文献
16.
合作创新项目因其跨组织合作的特征,面临较大的关系风险。本文通过对上百个不同行业合作创新项目的问卷调查与多元统计分析,揭示在我国合作创新项目关系治理过程中,如何通过团队积极的管理嵌入,改善以项目组织特定岗位安排为标志的突发事件应急能力,升华任务及关系冲突的风险识别、预警和处置的艺术,从而明确合作创新团队在工作、情感、道德关系治理中的有效策略。研究发现团队冲突处理艺术对情感关系治理具有显著的正向调节作用,通过对激发创新团队创造力的项目扩展绩效的有效调控,更好地实现创新项目的预期目标。 相似文献
17.
在科研项目管理过程中,项目负责人和其他成员组成了合作网络。本文检验了科研项目负责人网络位置对项目创新的影响,并分析了当合作网络的创新能力处于行业不同水平时,该影响是否存在差异。利用国家自然科学基金结题数据,结果表明,科研项目负责人的网络中心度对项目创新有正向影响,结构洞数对项目创新有倒U型影响。相比较合作网络创新能力处于行业高水平,当其处于中、低水平时,项目负责人网络位置对项目创新的影响更大。本研究结论不仅完善了网络位置对创新影响的相关文献,验证了我国提出项目负责人制进行项目管理的正确性,也对项目负责人制定管理方案有一定的指导意义。 相似文献
18.
While the concept of wisdom, which refers to how people make right use of their knowledge through their practical actions, judgments, and ethical decisions, in general attracts researcher interest in a variety of disciplines, such as philosophy, psychology and management studies, little is known about how wisdom is conceptualized and then operationalized in the software development project team context. Based on the frameworks for philosophical, group and organizational wisdom, this paper identifies software development project team wisdom as a process for how team members best use the stock and flow of their knowledge through collective judgment, virtue-ethics, emotions/feelings, and effective decision-making during their project-related efforts. Adapting the efforts and functional similarities of both group and organizational wisdom practices, this effort determines that wisdom-related mechanisms (e.g., team diversity, networking with other teams and people, and their past experiences), joint epistemic actions (e.g., team reasoning, intuition, and aesthetic capacity), and team virtue and prudence become the different faces of the software development team wisdom process. We then propose how these different faces interrelate and how they also relate to project process effectiveness, such as team learning and speed-to-users, both of which have been rarely addressed empirically in the context of software development project teamwork.By examining 210 in-house software development project teams in a field study and using structural equation modeling analysis, our results empirically show the following: (a) software development wisdom-related mechanisms positively relate to software development team prudence and virtue and their joint epistemic actions, (b) software development team prudence and virtue are positively associated with software development team joint epistemic actions, and further (d) software development team joint epistemic actions are positively associated with software development project process effectiveness. We conclude by discussing our findings as they relate to the wisdom framework of software development project teams and suggest the key managerial implications for different types of software development projects. 相似文献
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创新团队中,成员的交互记忆系统反映了团队成员基于对彼此掌握的知识的认知而形成的分工协作机制,对于团队的创新绩效具有重要影响。而团队成员之间的信任关系与网络嵌入特征则是构成了影响交互记忆系统形成与发展的关键因素。本文在探讨交互记忆系统对创新团队绩效作用效果的基础上,重点分析了信任不对称对交互记忆系统的影响机制,并考虑了以团队及成员的网络嵌入特征表现出的在其中的边界效应。本文选择某高校学生组成的移动应用软件项目设计团队开展实验研究。研究发现：首先,交互记忆系统对创新团队绩效具有显著的积极影响,其作用机制可归纳为团队创造力提升、任务效率改善提高和成员满意度改善三条路径;其次,信任不对称不利于交互记忆系统的形成与发展。信任不对称会触发团队成员的知识隐藏行为,不利于对彼此知识的识别、检索和协调,阻碍交互记忆系统的有效运行;再者,成员之间的社会网络具有显著的边界效应。网络中心性能够显著削弱信任不对称对交互记忆系统的抑制作用,但同时降低了交互记忆系统对团队绩效的积极贡献。本文研究结论不仅能够从交互记忆系统视角拓展了创新团队绩效驱动机制的相关研究,还有利于从网络嵌入视角揭示了交互记忆系统驱动创新团队绩效的边界条件,对于提升团队和企业创新绩效具有重要的实践意义。 相似文献