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发明专利的数量与质量是衡量一个企业甚至国家创新活动的重要指标。专利引证活动可以反映知识转移情况。针对2011年申请的中国“收获和割草”领域的发明专利,从申请人、发明人、分类号、关键词等多个方面展开分析,并且考察了其中的专利引证活动,包括对专利文献的引证和对非专利文献的引证,对我国基于专利引文的农业知识转移研究现状进行了梳理,总结了基于专利引文的农业知识转移的特点。 相似文献
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[目的/意义]专利引文分析是专利分析研究的重要内容。传统专利引文分析仅分析专利文献中明确标示的物理引用专利数据,不能够准确真实反映专利之间的引用关系,难以准确揭示专利之间的技术相似度。专利语义引用识别有利于准确真实揭示专利间的潜在语义联系,为专利的继承与创新评价提供参考,有助于专利授权前的专利审核和专利授权后的专利评价。[方法/过程]首先,基于规则和句法分析抽取了专利的特征知识元;其次,利用Sentence-BERT和Word2Vec对专利特征知识元及专利标题摘要文本进行向量化表示;再次,根据余弦相似度计算专利的特征相似度和整体相似度,结合专利申请日期的先后顺序得到专利的语义引用专利集;最后,采用量子计算领域专利数据进行了实验研究。[结果/结论]该专利语义引用识别方法能够实现语义引用专利的有效识别,有利于评价专利的技术新颖性、创造性和实用性,为专利审核和专利价值评估工作提供支持。 相似文献
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国内外专利引文数据库的研究与发展 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
本文在介绍专利引文概念的基础上，简要叙述了国内外专利引文数据库研究与发展的概况。重点说明了德温特专利引文索引(PCI)、德温特创新索引数据库(DⅡ)和中国专利引文数据库的结构、功能和特点。最后论述了专利引文在技术开发与科学管理中的应用。 相似文献
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[目的/意义]鉴于引用的本质是知识交流,文章从知识交流的角度深入探究引文中所包含的知识转移类型和方式,为基于引文的学术评价和学科交叉测度研究提供科学依据。[方法/过程]文章选取管理学、文学、物理学、药学、机械学5个学科代表性期刊的600余篇论文,获取其中具有知识认同功能的3855条引文数据,利用引文内容分析方法,从形式和内容两个方面对引文类型、知识转移类型和方式进行了分析。[结果/结论]研究发现：(1)概念性引文、操作性引文、观点性引文和结果性引文存在知识转移;(2)引文知识转移有两种转移类型,三种转移方式。[局限]虽然文章采用定性方法,人工识读分析引文,使判断结果更为精确,但样本包含的学科和引文数量仍然偏少,且仅对中文的期刊论文进行了分析,样本范围有待进一步扩展。 相似文献
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《科学学与科学技术管理》2017,(4)
提出了一个建立在专利全引用信息基础上的技术知识扩散特征研究框架,运用专利引用和文本挖掘的方法,通过研究施引专利和被引专利,从技术知识的利用和技术知识的传播两个角度,更全面地探索技术知识扩散的特征。首先提取基本专利和引文专利之间的引用关系,获得技术知识扩散的范围;其次利用文本挖掘的方法抽取专利摘要中的技术关键词,并计算基本专利与引文专利间的文本相似度,衡量出技术知识扩散的程度;然后运用文本聚类和语义分析法进行专利的技术知识扩散特征分析,提炼出6种技术知识扩散特征下分别对应的技术主题。从专利文本的内容着手,将其与引用相结合进行技术知识扩散特征的研究,并对尚未出现前向引用关系的专利进行了技术知识扩散潜力的测度,减少了以往研究的局限性。最后用石墨烯技术作为实证进行了研究,验证了该方法的可行性和有效性,也为石墨烯技术的发展提供了决策支持。 相似文献
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分析2012—2021年工程、农业、能源、环境和医药5个领域464家我国企业在中国科学引文数据库(Chinese Science Citation Database, CSCD)发表的45486篇中文论文的合作特征。对企业合作模式提出三级分类体系,并提出知识转移视角的企业基础研究成效评价方法,对企业发表论文的不同合作模式的知识转移成效做比较分析。研究表明：我国企业发表于工程和能源领域的知识转移成效优于发表于农业、医药和环境领域的论文;企业独立研究的知识转移成效优于企业以产学、产官和产官学合作研究形式的论文;企业与高校合作发表的知识转移成效优于与科研院所合作的论文,且企业以二元合作形式参与基础研究的知识转移成效优于多元合作的形式。 相似文献
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选择SSCI《美国社会科学引文索引》中图书情报学领域专利研究的相关文献数据,利用Web of Science的在线分析功能和CitespaceⅡ软件,分别从国外图书情报学领域专利研究现状分析、研究热点分析、关键节点分析三个视角,分析了国外图书情报学领域专利研究现状和研究热点。 相似文献
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A research group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol-a chemical found in the skins of red grapes in red wine-can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin according to a report in the October issue of Cell Metabolism.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):14-15
Aresearch group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol--a chemical found in the skins of red grapes and in red wine--can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin, according to a report in the October,2007 issue of Cell Metabolism. As insulin resistance is often characterized as the most critical factor contributing to the development of Type 2 diabetes, the findings“provide a potential new therapeutic approach for preventing or treating” both conditions, the researchers said. 相似文献
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Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
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A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
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Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):2-3
CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing. 相似文献
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Active biological molecules functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery disease diagnosis therapy new nanodevice construction.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):22-22
Active biological molecules and functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery, disease diagnosis and therapy, and new nanodevice construction. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1)
With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants." 相似文献
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Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
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Leah A. Lievrouw 《The Information Society》2000,16(2):155-159
This essay focuses on universal service and the Internet as means to support social and political participation. The emphasis on access to telecommunications systems in conventional approaches to universal service is contrasted with access to content. A model of the information environment is described that accounts for the roles of content and conduit, both of which are necessary conditions to achieve true access. A method is outlined for employing information indicators to observe or measure the information environment. 相似文献
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Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献