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1.
《媒体管理杂志》2013,15(4):173-181
Emerging broadband communication technologies are providing an infrastructure for a unifying platform for 3 converging industry sectors: computing, telecommunications, and broadcasting. Despite the steady growth of broadband access in the United States (with 14.5% broadband penetration), the country ranks only 12th among 30 Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries (OECD, 2005). For rapid growth in broadband diffusion, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) has considered access-based competition and facilities-based competition as important policy tools. Through 2 different econometric analyses (time series analysis and multiple regression analysis), this study examines whether platform competition, access-based competition, and other factors have influenced broadband deployment. The result of the time series analysis shows that platform competition has been a key driver of broadband deployment in the United States. The multiple regression analysis suggests the availability of different broadband platforms and the level of income have influenced broadband diffusion. The main findings of this study imply that regulation across platforms should be competitively neutral and that Congress and the FCC should embrace further platform competition through new technologies like broadband over power-line and wireless broadband. 相似文献
2.
Tonny J. OyanaAuthor Vitae 《Government Information Quarterly》2011,28(2):252-261
Recent literature about broadband telecommunications reveals two major areas that are not only globally gaining prominence, but are also demanding urgent attention from a research perspective. One of the key areas is related to the need to spatially evaluate the availability and deployment of broadband services, especially among urban versus rural communities. Another area of interest falls under the need for enabling broadband policies and strategies that address existing geographic disparities. These motivating factors shaped this research and provided a basis for defining three specific objectives, namely: (1) to identify locations with or without broadband access, (2) to identify underserved rural and inner-city markets, and (3) to determine whether university and community college towns can be used in the adoption and dispersion of broadband technologies in southern Illinois. Supply-side and demand-side data were collected and inputted into a Geographic Information System (GIS). Supply-side data included cable modem, digital subscriber lines (DSL), wireless, and fiber optic lines, while demand data included reported broadband requests from individuals without access (n = 439), students (n = 45,866), and higher education workforce (n = 5419). Using the GIS and statistical techniques, insightful maps of broadband infrastructure were created to illustrate areas of supply and demand so that governments and businesses can address existing gaps in consumer needs. Specifically, different levels of broadband access and use were mapped; different under-served rural and inner-city markets were identified so as to emphasize the dramatic economic impact on the business opportunities available to small business entrepreneurs. Also, different geographies of use and accessibility of broadband connectivity in the study region were synthesized to support decision-making. The resulting maps provided supply and demand marketing intelligence based on the geographic analyses of residential and enterprise sectors. These data can be used as a model to develop specific policy recommendations for a knowledge-based economy, specifically for the southern Illinois region or other rural communities in the United States. 相似文献
3.
The U.S. National Broadband Map (NBM) is arguably the most complex articulation and synthesis of telecommunications data ever generated by the federal government. Drawing upon information collected by fifty U.S. states, five territories and the District of Columbia, broadband provision is tabulated at the Census block level and made available to the general public in a variety of formats (e.g., maps, tabular databases, and geographic coverages). One major policy challenge associated with deepening our understanding of wireless broadband provision in the United States is developing a methodological process for accurately rearticulating NBM wireless data collected at the block level to more meaningful economic units (e.g., Census block groups or tracts). Without this ability, policy analysis and an objective evaluation of the goals set forth in the National Broadband Plan are compromised. The purpose of this paper is to outline such a methodology, while simultaneously highlighting several consistency checks for ensuring completeness and data aggregation integrity. 相似文献
4.
South Korea has been very active in broadband development for the last decade, which has made major strides in its development. This study evaluates the evolution of Korea's broadband development from the year 2000 to the present day. Historic and archival data related to Korean broadband projects are reviewed in this paper, drawing on broadband ecosystem as a framework for assessment. The purpose of this study is to provide insight into challenges and create a prospectus by offering a socio-technical analysis of broadband development. This will involve the in-depth investigation of the social dynamics, political discourse, and technological choices inherent in the design and development of the next generation of networks. Despite active investment and proactive drive, uncertainty still remains surrounding the evolution of broadband and what impact it may have on the new broadband milieu in Korea. This study will offer an effective adoption/diffusion strategy as well as a viable information policy model for more advanced infrastructure in other countries. 相似文献
5.
《Government Information Quarterly》1988,5(1):5-26
Currently, the United States lacks a clear and consistent information policy defining and regulating the Federal role in collection and dissemination of Japanese scientific and technical information (STI) to users in the public and private sectors. One long-term consequence of this situation involves negative impacts on American scientific and technological innovation and on competitiveness in the global economy.After a discussion of the existing legislative and regulatory environment shaping the Federal government's approach to Japanese STI activities, the article presents five policy options, each of which describes a different role for the Federal government. Finally, the article recommends a combination of two options that will create the basis for a Federal information policy designed to support a self-sustaining STI infrastructure in the United States. That infrastructure will efficiently access and disseminate Japanese STI to public and private sector users. 相似文献
6.
The United States is by far the leading exporter of video media goods in the world. It is also the biggest investor in theatrical films, spending over $63 million per theatrical production and leading the world in box-office receipts. This article investigates the host country factors that have influenced the export of U.S.-based video media products, including film and television programs. It was found that economic environment, geographical proximity, technological infrastructure, and market size influenced the purchase of motion pictures and video programming from the United States. In addition, countries with better economic environments, implementation of intellectual property rights, political rights, larger market size and cultural differences, and language similarity seemed to import more heavily broadcasting content products from the United States. 相似文献
7.
This paper assesses the ways in which local actors are reconfiguring public access to broadband through the unlicensed spectrum. The process of adoption and configuration of public Wi-Fi networks in Austin, Texas, is the focus of our case study. Austin is one of the most “unwired” cities in the United States and increasingly known as a world-class industrial center in wireless. The development of strategic visions about public Wi-Fi services among user groups and local startups provided a fertile ground for diverse partnerships among nonprofit groups, broadband providers, wireless ISPs, and the city government. We also found that the popularity of the venue-sponsored or free-to-end-user model of access is supported by different providers that see their interests represented in the growth of public wireless broadband. However, the prevailing model of public Wi-Fi has a strong commercial bias. This, combined with the historical socioeconomic divides in the city, has resulted in an uneven geography of public Wi-Fi networks. 相似文献
8.
Abstract This article reviews the test of a home market model of international trade in media products using a movie industry database covering 6 major countries (the United States, Japan, Germany, Italy, France, and the United Kingdom) over the 1950 to 2003 period. In support of the model, this study finds a consistently positive relation between domestic theater box-office market shares and various measures of domestic movie spending or domestic movie attendance, and negative relations between domestic movie spending and the market shares of imported American film products. Based on these results, declining domestic film production industries in Europe and Japan after about the 1970s, along with growing dominance of the world film market by the United States, is attributed to a relatively rapid growth of domestic consumer spending on movies in the United States. 相似文献
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Robert LaRoseAuthor Vitae Sharon StroverAuthor Vitae 《Government Information Quarterly》2011,28(1):91-100
Significant public investments in rural broadband internet service authorized by the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act raise new questions regarding the impacts of broadband on rural residents and communities. The results of a natural field experiment involving broadband internet projects funded by the Community Connect program of the Rural Utilities Service are reviewed here to provide a context for future evaluations of the effects of broadband infrastructure deployment and efforts to stimulate sustainable broadband use in rural areas. Based on pre-post surveys conducted in four communities in 2005 and 2008, the implementation of broadband infrastructure grants increased broadband adoption, although penetration also increased where a grant was awarded but later terminated. Public education efforts in a community participating in the ConnectKentucky initiative had an incremental effect on broadband adoption by positively affecting residents' perceptions of broadband service. Impacts on individual economic development activities and community satisfaction were not found. Implications for rural broadband initiatives and future evaluations of their effects are drawn. 相似文献
11.
In 2010 the European Commission (EC) undertook a review of its current Universal Service Obligation (USO) to discuss whether or not broadband should be included in it. In fact, convergence of telephony, internet and media, further market liberalization and rapid technological development in the broadband market challenge the traditional definition of USO and increasingly question its notion of a “basic set of communication services”, which does not include broadband. In this context, the paper looks at the origins, the theoretical arguments for, and the empirical basis of the USO in light of the ongoing debate in the EU, and links these arguments to technological developments and changing demand conditions in European broadband markets. The authors propose that the European Commission should include in its future USO regulation provisions for a wider set of services based on Next Generation Access (NGA) networks rooted in the EC's new regulatory approach. Even if these provisions have not been included in the new USO framework in November 2011 further discussions are needed to account for the new realities of broadband markets in the European Union. 相似文献
12.
元素养:美国高等教育信息素养新标准前瞻 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
元素养是一个面向Web 2.0环境的综合素养框架。在剖析元素养的内容、模型和培养目标的基础上,分析美国高等教育信息素养标准面对的新学术形势,以及元素养在概念整合、社交媒体、信息协同生产、元认知和素养教育等领域所进行的改进,为中国高校的信息素养标准研究提供参考。 相似文献
13.
本文以近年备受争议的谷歌"版权门"事件为研究起点,在对数字版权相关概念的确认基础上,分析我国传统出版业在数字化转型过程中的种种尴尬困境,在此基础上结合美国、日本的已有经验,探索我国数字版权的构建之路,对我国的数字化版权发展提供一些可行性建议。 相似文献
14.
Wireless is changing the policy calculus for municipal broadband 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Historically, the justification for municipal provisioning of “last-mile” communications infrastructure has focused on the natural monopoly aspect of wireline infrastructure. Growing interest in wireless ISPs, municipal hot spots, and access to public space for siting wireless infrastructure suggests new and expanded opportunities for local government participation in telecommunication services. This paper examines the implications of emerging wireless technologies for the policy debate over whether municipalities should be playing an active role in providing last-mile broadband services and, if so, what the nature of that role should be. 相似文献
15.
Ueli Reber 《Communication methods and measures》2019,13(2):102-125
This study assesses the potential of topic models coupled with machine translation for comparative communication research across language barriers. From a methodological point of view, the robustness of a combined approach is examined. For this purpose the results of different machine translation services (Google Translate vs. DeepL) as well as methods (full-text vs. term-by-term) are compared. From a substantive point of view, the integratability of the approach into comparative study designs is tested. For this, the online discourses about climate change in Germany, the United Kingdom, and the United States are compared. First, the results show that the approach is relatively robust and second, that integration in comparative study designs is not a problem. It is concluded that this as well as the relatively moderate costs in terms of time and money makes the strategy to couple topic models with machine translation a valuable addition to the toolbox of comparative communication researchers. 相似文献
16.
谷歌数字图书馆计划自2004年诞生起便遭到了多方反对,从遍布网络的口诛笔伐,直至美国、法国和中国的对簿公堂.法国的司法判决和美国的司法审查都表明该计划的实施侵犯了版权法,先授权后使用的版权规则成为置身于现行版权框架下的谷歌难以逾越的壁垒.2011年美国纽约南区法院巡回法官和第二巡回上诉法院先后驳回了谷歌图书和解协议,使得谷歌在突破版权壁垒的征程中又回到了原点.该协议被驳回的原因主要包括集体诉讼原告方的代表性及“孤儿作品”的垄断性利用.谷歌图书和解协议虽被否决,但其积极的探索使得数字图书馆的版权瓶径问题备受关注,其版权解决方案将为立法机关修改版权规则提供新的思路. 相似文献
17.
Analysis of the urban/rural broadband divide in Canada: Using GIS in planning terrestrial wireless deployment 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
M. Sawada Daniel Cossette Barry Wellar Tolga Kurt 《Government Information Quarterly》2006,23(3-4):454
Millions of Canadians residing in Canada's northern, isolated, rural, and remote communities do not have broadband Internet access. This situation has led to a national “broadband divide.” That is, the deployment of wireline broadband is very limited in Canada's northern, isolated, rural, and remote areas because of the significant expense of installation and maintenance of the wired infrastructure needed to reach dwellings in these locations.Terrestrial broadband wireless technology, on the other hand, does not entail the same kind of physical infrastructure. As a result, there are dramatic changes in how spatial considerations affect the provision of broadband Internet services (BIS) to areas beyond the urban zone. In particular, the spatial question is now focused on assessing the capacity for different technological solutions to reach profitable population bases, and brings to the forefront organizations that are developing non-line-of-sight (NLOS) technologies that would permit wireless Internet access over much greater distances than current solutions.We begin this paper by establishing the importance of broadband connectivity to Canada's northern, isolated, rural, and remote communities. This discussion comments on the role of the Government of Canada in the provision of broadband connectivity to residents of these communities, and outlines the current regulatory issues that govern wireless services and policy formulation.The second part of the paper illustrates the use of geographic information system (GIS) approaches in the study of wireless broadband planning and deployment. Case study findings suggest that GIS applications can make a significant contribution to the analysis of wireless deployment planning, to the understanding of the relationships between wireless signal sources and consumers, and to the spatial configuration of terrestrial wireless broadband networks. We conclude the paper by discussing how the GIS approach employed could be used to inform the public policy process with regard to increasing access to broadband Internet services in all regions of the country, and thereby providing the opportunity for all Canadians, regardless of location, to fully participate in the Information Society. 相似文献
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Dan Lacy 《Publishing Research Quarterly》1993,9(2):3-15
The computer offers extensive advantages over even the most advanced printing and information distribution technologies. Most
important, it brings into the public compendium quantities of information too vast to be embodied in print. The computer has
increased the power of societies, just as the printing press did. It also has the capacity to change our basic conception
of reality and alter the power of the word. Because of its capacity to alter society, basic issues of access and privacy must
be resolved as a new information infrastructure is created, comparable to that existing for print.
Dan Lacy has been Assistant Archivist of the United States, Deputy Chief Assistant Librarian of Congress, head of the USIA
overseas library and publishing program, managing director of the American Book Publishers Council, and senior vice president
of McGraw-Hill, Inc. 相似文献
20.
Wojciech Zalewski 《Slavic & East European Information Resources》2013,14(1):52-57
Szwede Slavic Books, the largest Slavic bookstore in the United States, ceased operations in May 2010. However, throughout its operation, the bookstore made an enormous contribution to Slavic culture and Slavic library collections in the United States. In this article, the author introduces the owners, Irena and Jerzy Szwede, and longtime employee Vera Shemelis. Additionally, he discusses the firm, its books, and the special atmosphere of the store. 相似文献