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1.
Schwab (Schwab, J. J. (1970). The practical: A language for curriculum. Washington, DC: National Education Association, Center for the Study of Instruction) named the teacher, learner, subject matter, and milieu as the desiderata essential for curriculum making. In our research, the teacher commonplace has formed the entry point of inquiry. Increasingly, the milieu commonplace has perplexed us. In this article, we examine what we have termed “traveling stories” through different field texts focusing on what happens when individuals from different milieus are brought together in one school context. We explore how learning may be shut down in a miseducative way or opened up to educative possibilities through understanding the influence of diverse milieus—those we vicariously carry with us and those we currently share with others—and how they converge to shape the meanings individuals create in seemingly shared situations. 相似文献
2.
Russell Cross 《课程研究杂志》2016,48(3):388-408
‘Language across the curriculum’ has been pivotal in establishing a knowledge base on the role of language for accessing opportunities afforded by the curriculum. Yet, the ubiquity of language within all facets of human activity – not least of all the more abstract domains of thinking and relating with others – can easily obscure its perceptibility as an object for research relative to other priorities; especially when the curriculum focus is directed towards content-oriented areas, such as mathematics or the humanities. This paper uses an ecological framework to consider the place of language when the teacher’s focus is not solely on language, or content, but is equally attentive to both through a relatively new approach to theorizing learners’ non-native language within the curriculum: content and language integrated learning. In particular, it critically examines the notion of ‘integration’ as a pedagogical assumption for working with language in curriculum domains by focusing on teachers’ perceptions of the affordances of language as a meditational tool within the classroom space. Findings raise new implications for understanding the role of language(s) within the curriculum, and are significant for addressing the needs of a changing, globalized student demographic where the presence of multiple languages will increasingly shape learners’ engagement with the curriculum. 相似文献
3.
Abstract Schools need teachers who can provide English language learners with equal access to academic content and to information technologies. The authors propose that the integration of standards in TESOL (teaching English to speakers of other languages), the theory of multiple intelligences (MI) and technology can provide an equitable education, support learning differences and develop English language skills across the curriculum. The authors suggest how the integration of TESOL standards, MI theory and technology can become a part of pre-service teacher education and discuss some of the challenges to transferring this integration into the classroom 相似文献
4.
Learning from curriculum materials: Scaffolds for new teachers? 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
This article explores how beginning teachers use and learn from curriculum materials. As part of a longitudinal study of beginning English teachers who teach in the Pacific Northwest of the United States, the researchers tracked teachers’ responses to and use of materials over time, and how these materials shaped their classroom practice. The authors found that the teachers spent an enormous amount of time searching out curriculum materials for their classes and that the curriculum materials they encountered did, indeed, powerfully shape their ideas about teaching language arts as well as their classroom practice. Based on their findings, the authors propose a trajectory for the teachers’ use of the curriculum materials. New teachers begin by sticking close to the materials they have at hand. Then, over time, as they learn more about both students and curriculum, they adapt and adjust their use of the materials. The authors argue that new and aspiring teachers need opportunities to analyze and critique curriculum materials, beginning during teacher education and continuing in the company of their more experienced colleagues. 相似文献
5.
The traditional approach to the education of language minority students separates English language development from content instruction because it is assumed that English language proficiency is a prerequisite for subject matter learning. The authors of this article take the alternate view that the integration of inquiry science and language acquisition enhances learning in both domains. The report describes a conceptual framework for science–language integration and the development of a five‐level rubric to assess teachers' understanding of curricular integration. The science–language integration rubric describes the growth of teacher expertise as a continuum from a view of science and language as discreet unrelated domains to the recognition of the superordinate processes that create a synergistic relationship between inquiry science and language development. Examples from teacher interviews are used to illustrate teacher thinking at each level. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 39: 664–687, 2002 相似文献
6.
教师不仅要拥有深刻的学科知识而且还要拥有宽广的学科教学知识。有效的课堂教学是两者的有机融合。通过从学习者的视角剖析一堂数学课的教学,具体分析了学科知识和学科教学知识在课堂教学中是怎样有机融合的,在经验层面证实了上述观点。该课例是青浦经验新行动的产物。青浦经验从本质上说是学科知识和学科教学知识有机融合的产物,是指导有效教学的本土经验。学科知识和学科教学知识的有机融合是数学和教育在课堂教学中的诉求,也可更好地解读本土经验。 相似文献
7.
Jo Boaler 《Educational Studies in Mathematics》1993,25(4):341-373
This paper reports upon a research project which considered the transfer of students' mathematical understanding across different task contexts. The research involved two groups of students from contrasting learning environments. The first environment was characterised by the complete integration of mathematical process and content using open ended activities. The second environment represented a typical English classroom with a content based scheme being predominantly used. The research demonstrated that the procedure and performance of students in response to addition and fraction tasks varied considerably when the context of the tasks changed. This variation suggested that students' perceptions of the contexts were individually constructed and contexts did not have a uniform effect upon the difficulty of tasks. The research also suggested that students who had learned in an environment characterised by the integration of process and content were more able to transfer their learning across contexts. Students who had learned mathematical process independently of content were more likely to vary their procedure and performance in response to the contexts of the tasks. This was considered in relation to the problems of school — real world transfer and the effectiveness of different learning environments. 相似文献
8.
An in-depth case study of teachers' use of image processing (a state-of-the-art computer technology used by research scientists) in biology, earth science, and physics classes within one high school science department explored issues surrounding technology implementation. The study, conducted within a districtwide, schoolwide, and classroom context, explored four areas related to the teacher's adoption of image processing: (a) teachers' background with computers outside of instructional use, (b) teachers' attitudes toward educational technology and insights gained from their experience using computers within the science curriculum, (c) training and perceived influence of district and school administrators, and (d) teachers' classroom and computer lab practices. The following factors were deemed critical in teachers' decision to use or not use image processing with their students: (a) time to thoroughly explore and master the technology so they could use it with students to explore science concepts; (b) classroom management skills specific to technology use; (c) perception of the teaching value of the technology; (d) perception of the reasonableness of administrators' expectations for technology use; and (e) understanding of how to implement inquiry-based science teaching, independent of technology issues. These factors have implications for how to help teachers use computer technology to teach high school science. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 35: 297–327, 1998. 相似文献
9.
Lennart Svensson Elsie Anderberg Christer Alveg?rd Thorsten Johansson 《Instructional Science》2009,37(3):205-225
Empirical results show that frequently the meaning of expressions used by students in expressing their understanding of subject
matter does not correspond to the meaning of those expressions in the subject matter theory that the students are expected
to learn. There is also often a lack of identity of meaning between the same students’ use of the same expression from one
use of the expression to another, in very similar contexts. The context gives a specific meaning to any expression. This variation
in context and meaning is very central to the phenomena of teaching and learning. In educational research there is a need
to differentiate between specific meanings expressed in conceptualizing subject matter, on the one hand, and concepts and
meanings seen as parts of cognitive systems and social languages, on the other. The contextual character of the use of language
is crucial to the understanding of teaching and learning and needs to be more carefully considered. The article is a discussion
of the problem of varying meanings of language expressions in relation to major traditions of research, focusing on meanings
and concepts within the field of learning and teaching. 相似文献
10.
AbstractClimate change as an instructional topic in K-12 schools is most frequently taught in the science classroom. However, it is a human issue requiring social as well as technological and scientific solutions. This study analyzes and evaluates a climate change curriculum implemented via an integrated social studies and language arts framework in a middle school classroom. The curriculum reflects collaboration between a private school, a climate education non-profit, and a government agency (NOAA). Following the first year of implementation, student surveys, teacher interviews, and classroom observations comprise the primary tools of data collection and evaluation. Based off these data, students demonstrate high levels of climate literacy, improvements in reading comprehension, and overall engagement with the topic. Teachers report successes and challenges of teaching the curriculum, and administrators offer opportunities for scaling and implementing the curriculum in other schools and contexts (including public schools). Findings from this study are relevant to climate change curriculum developers, researchers, and educators seeking to incorporate an interdisciplinary, socio-scientific approach to climate change education in their work. 相似文献
11.
《理论付诸实践》2012,51(4):297-304
In this article, we put forward 4 pedagogic principles that we consider to be particularly important in helping English language learners (ELLs) to succeed in school. These principles are: creating multiple and varied opportunities for ELLs to use the target language in both speech and writing, promoting high engagement by building on students' interests, connecting the curriculum to ELLs' lives and their funds of knowledge, and working toward a tangible goal. We illustrate these principles in action by presenting 2 case studies drawn from our research. They show how the teachers with whom we worked used these principles to meet their students' needs in two demographically different classroom contexts. 相似文献
12.
Victoria Chan 《Teaching in Higher Education》2013,18(4):505-518
In higher education teaching, enhancing learner autonomy has become a key concern for curriculum planners and classroom teachers. The significant body of research about learner autonomy in language learning over the last 20 years (e.g. Holec 1981, 1988; Riley 1985; Dickinson 1987, 1992; Wenden & Rubin 1987; Little, 1991; Dam, 1995; Benson & Voller, 1997) has indicated an on-going search for more understanding of how learner autonomy can be implemented in different contexts. This paper is based on a research study which was conducted in the Hong Kong Polytechnic University in Hong Kong. The study explores learners' attitudes and expectations of language learning, teacher and learner roles, their learning preferences and perceptions of learner autonomy. The paper reports the results and discusses their implication on the development of a learner-centred approach in higher education. 相似文献
13.
In 2004 the Finnish National Board of Education launched a new curriculum framework that includes principles, instructional aims, and a brief list of content by subject areas. The intent of this framework is that teachers should interpret the core curriculum at the local level and apply it in their own schools and classrooms. This approach encourages teachers to use their professional knowledge and take into account their students and the learning environment in applying and implementing the curriculum. This case study sought to understand how this core curriculum has been implemented by way of observations of language and literacy lessons in 8 grade 1 and grade 2 classrooms during a 2‐month period. The observations and the analysis were guided by earlier research conducted in classroom identified as ‘excellent’ in the US. The resulting data, in turn, were compared with the core curriculum. The findings show that, although some of the principles and the content of the core curriculum were reflected in practice, there were inconsistencies between the instructional methods used in the classrooms and the principles set in the core curriculum. Although some areas of the core curriculum were well represented in classroom language and literacy practices, others were covered only in part or not at all during the observation period. 相似文献
14.
20世纪70年代以来,国际课程研究范式发生了重大转换,主要表现在以下六个方面:课程研究内容由"课程开发"向"课程理解"转换;课程研究的哲学基础由"现代主义"让位于"后现代主义";课程研究的方法论因"文化研究"的繁荣而渐次涵盖了"科学研究";课程研究的文化语境由"单一封闭"逐渐走向"多元开放";课程研究的场域由封闭的"象牙塔"走向开放的"田野";课程研究的主体已由旁观的"族外人"转变为直接参与的"族内人"。 相似文献
15.
张光陆 《宁波大学学报(教育科学版)》2017,(5):87-091
对理想化的、去情境化的对话模式的追求是课堂对话效率低下的一个重要原因,其将最终危害教育实践。课堂对话需要对情境保持敏感,西方国家课堂对话的类型研究、文化研究、学科内容与学习任务研究以及内在张力分析等都揭示有效的课堂对话需建基于具体的情境之中。基于此,我国的课堂对话研究应注重实证研究,关注实然的动态的课堂对话,摒弃对理想化的、去情境化的课堂对话模式的追求。 相似文献
16.
将高校非计算机专业计算机教育与学科课程进行整合，是当前高等教育改革的重要内容。计算机教育与学科课程整合的内容主要包括技术手段与课程内容的整合、课堂组织与学习环境的整合、学习能力与应用能力的整合。在整合中要注意用建构主义学习理论指导学科课程整合，构建专业化的面向应用的教学体系，重视各学科的教学资源建设，强化实践环节，提高学生的应用能力，结合各门学科的特点建构易于实现学科课程整合的新型教学模式。 相似文献
17.
Sheryl MacMath Jillian Roberts John Wallace Xiaohong Chi 《British Journal of Special Education》2010,37(2):87-94
The combining of subject areas or disciplines, referred to in this article as curriculum integration, has been recognised as being linked to high levels of student motivation and learning. Sheryl MacMath of the University of Toronto, Jillian Roberts of the University of Victoria, and John Wallace and Xiaohong Chi of the University of Toronto discuss the findings of their case study (n = 23 students) based in a Canadian secondary school where an integrated unit on energy was taught to pupils identified as being ‘at risk’ of not completing high school. Teacher and student interviews, classroom observations and surveys were used in the case study to investigate student motivation and learning. Results from the study illustrate that students experienced higher levels of motivation and academic success compared to work on previous units. The authors explore how higher levels of student self‐efficacy were also recorded due to the repetition of content in different classrooms and across different contexts. The authors argue that further research in this area should examine more than student learning and motivation and highlights the need to focus specifically on opportunities for successful academic experiences where student efficacy is increased. 相似文献
18.
严奕峰 《课程.教材.教法》2021,41(5):11-17
随着信息时代的到来,知识学习的目的与价值正在发生根本变化,这一变化在我国课程改革深化阶段提出的学科素养发展目标中清晰可见,学科学习的核心价值在于学科理解。学习价值诉求的改变对高质量课程评价提出了强烈需求。课程评价不仅需证明并促进深度学习,而且其自身就是一种深度学习活动,其基本价值诉求是学科理解,核心观测点是理解学生的理解。与此相伴的路径可概为:与真实生活建立关联,改革考试内容和方法;以学科实践为取向,设计复杂课堂评价任务;将评价转化为“教师研究”,提高教师课堂评价素养。 相似文献
19.
中小学英语教师知识基础的建构——高校师资培训课程设置个案分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
李明琳 《课程.教材.教法》2007,(1)
依据关于教师知识基础的理论研究,结合我国基础教育阶段英语课程标准对教师提出的要求,笔者认为中小学英语师资培训课程可划分为六种基本的知识类别:语言技能、学科知识／基础理论、教学理论和教学技能与技巧、现代教育技术及应用、背景知识和科研方法知识,前三类是教师所必须掌握的知识,而后三类是教师应该掌握的辅助教学实践、完善教学过程的相关知识。 相似文献
20.
《British Educational Research Journal》2005,31(6):723-736
Within the context of the changing nature of family life within contemporary Britain, this article is concerned with the introduction of education on family relationships into the Personal, Social and Health Education curriculum. It draws on a research project that, through observations and interviews, investigated how three teachers portrayed ‘family’ within the classroom and how a sample of their pupils reacted to the images and values that were presented. The evidence presented suggests that the subject matter is complex and sensitive, and that careful thought needs to be given to both content and delivery if this area of values education is to be effective. 相似文献