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1.
利用磁性对固体超强酸组装,制备出磁性SO42-/ZrO2固体超强酸催化剂,应用于合成乙酸异戊酯的反应中,最佳反应条件为:乙酸0.2mol,异戊醇0.4mol,磁性催化剂1.2 g,反应时间2.0h,酯化率可达93.7%.利用催化剂的磁性可将催化剂迅速分离,回收率达84.3%,并能重复使用.  相似文献   

2.
磁性SO^2^-4/ZrO2固体超强酸的制备及催化性能的研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
利用磁性对固体超强酸组装,制备出磁性SO^2^-4/ZrO2固体超强酸催化剂,应用于合成乙酸异戊酯的反应中,最佳反应条件为:乙酸0.2mol,异戊醇0.4mol,磁性催化剂1.2g,反应时间2.0h,酯化率可达93.7%.利用催化剂的磁性可将催化剂迅速分离,回收率达84.3%,并能重复使用.  相似文献   

3.
以丙酸和丁醇为原料,磁性固体超强酸ZrO2/SO2-4为催化剂合成了丙酸丁酯.其最佳反应条件为:丙酸为0.1 mol,正丁醇为0.14 mol,催化剂为1.4 g,环己烷为15 mL,反应时间为2 h,酯化率可达91%以上;而且磁性固体超强酸一种性能优良的催化剂.  相似文献   

4.
以自制的固体超强酸SO4^2-/TiO2-La^3 作催化剂,通过微波辐射加热合成了苯甲酸乙酯,结果表明,该方法比用硫酸催化法的酯化率高,酯产率达85%.反应条件:苯甲酸0.1mol,乙醇0.3mol,固体超强酸SO4^2-/TiO2-La^3 0.8g,微波辐射功率200W,间歇辐射时间8min。  相似文献   

5.
用化学共沉淀法并用乙二醇作为分散剂制备复合氧化物基ZrO2-SnO2-MnO2/SO42-固体超强酸,并对影响酸强度的各种因素进行了考察.确定三种元素最佳物质的量之比、分散剂的用量、硫酸的最佳浓度、浸泡时间、烧结温度等,并对其在乙酸乙酯的酯化反应中的催化作用进行了考察,表明其有一定的活性.通常将几种离子的溶液共沉淀,本实验中把MnO2直接加入到溶液中与Zr4 、Sn4 进行共沉淀,制得了含MnO2的固体超强酸,这方面尚未见过有关报道.  相似文献   

6.
以纳米固体超强酸为催化剂,用丙酸与异戊醇来合成丙酸异戊酯,对各种影响因素进行了研究.结果表明:纳米固体超强酸是一种性能良好的催化剂,当酸醇物质的量比为1:2.2,催化剂用量为1.45 g/0.1 mol丙酸,环己烷为7 mL,反应时间为110 min,酯化率可达99.1%.  相似文献   

7.
以纳米固体超强酸为催化剂,用丙酸与异戊醇来合成丙酸异戊酯,对各种影响因素进行了研究.结果表明:纳米固体超强酸是一种性能良好的催化剂,当酸醇物质的量比为1∶2.2,催化剂用量为1.45 g/0.1 mol丙酸,环己烷为7 mL,反应时间为110 min,酯化率可达99.1%.  相似文献   

8.
对ClO4^-/TiO2型固体超强酸催化剂的制备进行了研究,并应用于乙酸异戊酯的合成,考察了HClO4浓度和焙烧温度等条件对催化剂活性的影响.通过改变催化剂用量、反应时间、反应物物质的量等对产品收率影响的考察,结果表明,ClO4^-/TiO2型固体超强酸催化剂对合成乙酸异戊酯具有较好的催化性,具有一定的推广价值.  相似文献   

9.
采用稀土元素Sm3+对固体超强酸SO2-4/TiO2的改性,制备出稀土固体超强酸SO2-4/TiO2/Sm3+催化剂,应用于合成乙酸苄酯的反应中.并研究了各种因素对酯化率的影响,最佳反应条件为催化剂焙烧温度450℃, 催化剂用量为1.0g,醇酸摩尔比1.8(乙酸的用量为0.2mol),反应时间为2.0h,乙酸苄酯的酯化率达95.7%.  相似文献   

10.
在不同条件下制出磁性固体超强酸ZrO2/SO42-催化荆,应用于乙酸和正丁醇的酯化反应中.结果表明,在Fe:Zr的物质的量比为1:0.8,硫酸浓度为1.2 mol/L,焙烧温度为500℃时,对酯化反应的催化性能最好.  相似文献   

11.
以α Al2O3,TiO2,ZrO2 为主要原料,以MgO SiO2 或MgO Fe2O3 为稳定剂,经1 500 ℃×2 h烧成可制得低热膨胀系数的Al2TiO5 ZrO2 复相材料。试验发现:随试样中ZrO2 含量的提高或ZrO2 稳定程度的提高,Al2TiO5 ZrO2 材料的RT~1 000 ℃热膨胀系数逐步降低,这与陶瓷复合体热膨胀系数的常规相背。ATZ 5试样的抗折强度为39.15 MPa,吸水率为3.28%,热膨胀系数为4.46×10-6/℃,其抗热震性能优良,可承受的热震温差是P ZrO2 试样的1.6倍。  相似文献   

12.
TheadventofstrongandtoughZrO2 basedce ramicshasgeneratedconsiderablescientificandtech nologicalinterestinthisclassofstructuralceram ics[1—3]. Nowfine grainedsinteredceramicscanbeproducedusingcommerciallyavailableultrafinepow ders,whichcanbesinteredtofulldensityatrelativelylowtemperatures. High qualityZrO2 powderisvitalforthesuccessfuldevelopmentofadvancedZrO2 ce ramics. Severalwetchemicalmethodshavebeende velopedforpreparationofsuchhigh purity, homoge neousandsinterableceramicspowders,…  相似文献   

13.
Thermodynamic assessment in the ternary systems ZrO2 -CeO2 -Y2 O3, ZrO2 -CeO2 -Ce2 03 and the limiting binaries ZrO2 -Y2 O3, ZrO2 -CeO2, CeO2 -Y2 03, ZrO2 -Ce2O3, CeO2 -Ce2O3 as well as the modeling for oxides are reviewed comprehensively. Based on the recent estimations on the YO1.5-CeO2, ZrO2-CeO2 and ZrO2 -YO1.6 systems, isothermal sections at 1273 and 1 973 K of the ternary CeO2- ZrO2-YO1.5system are calculated. In the system of ZrO2-CeO2-Ce2O3, the complex relation between the nonstoichiometry (y) in CeO2-x, the composition of the ZrO2 -CeO2 solid solution and the oxygen partial pressure (Po2 ) for different ZrO2 containing solid solutions CexZr1-xO2-x. are evaluated from 1 473 to 1 773 K. The relation between the degree of Ce^+4 reduction to Ce.3 under different Po2 in the fluorite CeO2-xy and CexZr1-xOz-x solid solutions at different temperatures can be used as a guide in the development of functional ceramics.  相似文献   

14.
1IntroductionZrO2-containing ceramics receive extensive attentionbecause of their great i mportance in science and tech-nology[1,2].Zirconia doped with divalent or trivalentoxides has been proved to be an i mportant solid elec-trolyte,finding wide usage in oxygen sensors and fuelcells.It is also well known that Y2O3-stabilized tetra-gonal ZrO2polycrystals(Y-TZP)possess excellent me-chanical properties at roomtemperature,combining astrength higher than1000MPa and a toughness be-tween6MPa·…  相似文献   

15.
Ce-ZrO2 and ZrO2/CePO4 ceramic system was joined in the green body by using mixed powder. Three kinds of systems are discussed. The microstructure and bending strengths of the joint were investigated and it is found that the Ce-ZrO2 and 30%CePO4/ZrO2 ceramics can be well joined in the green body. A joint with high mechanical property and good microstructure can be obtained after sintering without applied pressure. Complexly shaped ceramic components can be created by the technique of green state joining. A new way to produce them is provided and the cost is reduced due to the simplicity of the process.  相似文献   

16.
简要介绍了ZrO_2/SO_4~(2-)类固体超强酸的制备及其改性;综述了近年来此类催化剂以其独特的不溶性、酸性、活性、选择性在有机合成反应中的广泛应用.  相似文献   

17.
稀土固体超强酸Gd~(3+)-SO_4~(2-)/ZrO_2催化剂的制备及表征   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
研究以氨水、氧氯化锆和氧化钆为原料,用沉淀法制得锆的氢氧化物,经陈化、过滤、烘干、浸渍后高温焙烧,制备出Gd3+-SO42-/ZrO2稀土固体超强酸.用Hammett指示剂法测定其酸强度,用FT-IR对其进行表征.  相似文献   

18.
用于水基磁流体制备的环境友好分散剂的选择   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
用共沉淀法在室温条件下制备纳米Fe3O4磁性粒子,选用聚乙二醇、明胶、琼脂等环境友好分散剂制备水基磁流体。最佳工艺条件为:(1)Fe^3+/Fe^2+(物质的量)之比在1.70~1.75;(2)沉淀剂25%NH3·H2O过量(20-30)%,在温度35℃,pH值10-11,搅拌速度3000r/main,反应时间为1h;(3)琼脂、明胶的最佳用量为(0.050~0.060)g/150mL;包覆的最佳温度为(55~60)℃,pH值为9~11;聚乙二醇作为第二次包裹时,最佳温度为55℃,搅拌速度3000r/min,反应时间是1h;并用透射电镜、分光光度计、古埃磁天平等进行了初步表征。在Fe3O4粒子中加入镝(n(Fe):n(Dy^3+)=14:1),明显提高了磁性。  相似文献   

19.
目的:采用共沉淀法和溶剂热法制备Fe_3O_4纳米磁性粒子,对其药物控释性能进行检测。方法:以正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)为前驱体,采用Stober法,在乙醇/水溶液中,通过氨水催化水解硅醇盐,制得核壳式结构的Fe_3O_4/SiO_2复合磁性微球;以X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、Fourier红外光谱(FTIR)等手段表征样品的结构,研究复合材料的耐酸性、磁分离行为及对药物布洛芬的缓释行为。结果:SEM显示Fe_3O_4与Fe_3O_4/SiO_2粒子均为纳米颗粒,粒径分布基本均匀;与溶剂热法比较,共沉淀法制得的Fe_3O_4晶粒结晶度较好,XRD衍射峰强,SiO_2的包裹使得Fe_3O_4尖锐的特征衍射峰稍微下降,表明包覆过程没有破坏其晶体结构,Fe_3O_4/SiO_2样品谱图中出现了无定型SiO_2的衍射峰,红外谱图同样出现了无定型SiO_2的透射峰。结论:表面二氧化硅的包覆显著改善了四氧化三铁纳米粒子的耐酸性,磁分离实验表明二氧化硅的包裹减弱了Fe_3O_4的磁性,布洛芬缓释实验表明Fe_3O_4/SiO_2复合磁性微球具有较好的药物缓释效果。  相似文献   

20.
In order to obtain anatase TiO2/expanded graphite with high expansion volume, titania gel was introduced to expandable graphite surface by sol-gel process, and then the composite was expanded and calcined at high temperature. The samples were analysed by using scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction(XRD), energy disperse spectroscopy(EDS), and differential scanning calorimetry(DSC). The optimal conditions for preparation are as follows: the molar ratio of tetrabutyl orthotitanate to triethanolamine is 1∶0.4, and the calcination and expansion temperature is in the range of 650-750 °C. Under such conditions, the expansion volume of composites could reach 98 mL/g, and the mass loss ratio is less than 5%. The analysis shows that lower temperature and smaller particle size of graphite are helpful to the formation of anatase-type of TiO2, but larger particle size will lead to lower mass loss ratio, and higher temperature and larger particle size will lead to higher expansion volume.  相似文献   

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