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1.
研究型大学技术转移及其对策 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研究型大学的技术转移对于推进一个国家与民族的自主创新与经济发展都具有十分重要的作用。目前,我国研究型大学技术转移的关键是向企业转移创新能力,研究型大学的"四大创新平台"是促进区域创新体系发展与实现大学向企业进行创新能力转移的有效支撑,研究型大学与企业紧密合作并向企业转移创新能力,有利于提升大学的教学和科研水平以及科技创新能力,也有利于提升大学的社会声誉与影响。大学科技园是整合大学优势资源、营造创新环境、凝聚创新人才、实现研究型大学向企业转移创新能力的重要平台,研究型大学、政府、企业、中介机构都应围绕研究型大学创新能力转移来开展技术转移工作。 相似文献
2.
将大学所创造的知识、技术、成果转移到社会与商业上，把知识转化为财富，实际上涉及到大学知识的流通与应用即大学技术转移问题。作为大学技术转移的重要模式，大学衍生企业这一在不久前被认为是大学学术发展的附属物的现象，越来越受到人们的关注。大学衍生企业的产生和成长有着重要的意义，它一方面表明了衍生企业本身是大学技术转移的一种重要方式，是高科技产业化的主要载体，是高科技企业群的重要生力军；另一方面，它也进一步地凸显了大学，尤其是研究型大学在社会经济发展中的重要作用，作为知识与技术“辐射源”的大学正在成为经济增长的发动机。该文探讨与分析了大学技术转移的衍生企业模式，并借此针我国高校科技成果产业化的发展提出了一些建设性的意见和实施对策。 相似文献
3.
从20世纪50年代起,美国研究型大学的科研路径开始从"科学推动"向"技术商业化"转变。研究型大学在美国国家创新系统的形成过程中发挥了重要的作用,其中最具代表性的特征就是研究型大学与产业部门合作的全面繁荣。研究型大学中日益扩展的与产业部门的合作研发、技术转移、专利许可等活动,在使大学知识资本化的同时,也深刻地改变了大学的运行逻辑及其内部结构。 相似文献
4.
为公共利益而转移技术——加州大学技术转移的政策演进与组织运行分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
作为在技术转移方面成就卓著的公立研究型大学,加州大学从建校之初就将技术转移作为大学服务于公共利益的内在使命,并在长期的实践中发展出系统的知识产权政策,建立了结构完善、分工协调的技术转移机构,形成了集权与分权并存的运行机制.这套系统在高效转移和应用加州大学科研成果的同时,合理规避了公立大学在参与技术转移过程中潜在的政治、法律与财务风险.加州大学技术转移服务于公共利益的目标取向及其相应的制度安排,为我国公立研究型大学提供了重要启示. 相似文献
5.
美国研究型大学技术转移影响因素研究新进展与启示 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研究型大学技术转移已成为提升国家创新能力、促进经济发展的重要动力。近期美国境内关于美国研究型大学技术转移影响因素的研究取得了新的进展。本文主要对相关重要研究文献进行评述,并提出大学内部技术转移整体型运作模式,以资借鉴。 相似文献
6.
在美国研究型大学从社会边缘走入社会中心的进程中，研究型大学社会服务职能的发挥起了至关重要的作用。从殖民地学院时代至二战后，美国研究型大学在不同的历史时期其社会服务职能的内容是不同的，本文从剖析历史的角度追溯了研究型大学自社会边缘走入社会中心的历程，讨论了美国研究型大学步入社会中心的国家因素：在研究型大学建设方面大学的需要与国家利益的一致性；美国政府对研究型大学的信任与支持；研究型大学与美国强国战略相得益彰据此本文认为科学研究的价值不取决于科学研究本身，而是取决于它对国家、世界的服务和贡献。 相似文献
7.
美国研究型大学国家实验室的科技创新机制 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
美国研究型大学国家实验室是美国国家创新体系重要的组成部分,其完善的管理运行机制、人才吸纳机制、资源共享机制和技术转移机制为科技创新创造了良好的条件.探讨美国研究型大学国家实验室的科技创新机制,对我国研究型大学国家实验室建设具有重要的启示.建立有效的管理运行机制、人才培养与交流机制、先进的评估评价机制、成果转化与技术转移机制以及资源开放共享平台已成为当务之急. 相似文献
8.
美国联邦政府与研究型大学的发展 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
美国联邦政府与研究型大学的发展卢晓东研究型大学不仅在美国的高教系统，而且在美国社会中占有重要地位。在１９９４年美国卡内基基金会关于美国高校的分类标准中，研究型大学Ⅰ被定义为：提供全部学士学位课程，承担直到博士学位的研究生教育，非常重视科学研究；每年... 相似文献
9.
本文分析了高校成立专业化的技术转移机构的必要性,进而探讨了高校专业化技术转移机构的部门设置、人员构成与组织模式,以及成立初期、中期和后期适合开展的工作与业务,提出“附属于大学、享有独立法人地位的公司制运作方式”应是我国研究型高校专业化技术转移机构的运作方式,教学型高校的专业化技术转移机构则应以中小型企业为服务对象,采用灵活的组织与运行模式;最后对大学专业化技术转移机构建设与运作提出了建议。 相似文献
10.
2014年5月27日,钱缪校长应邀在北京大学作了题为"好奇心、严谨与合作在全球研究型大学发展中的角色"的演讲。在演讲中,钱缪校长基于自己在高等教育管理和科学研究的方面多年的经验,分析了研究型大学发展中的关键因素——人才、合作网络和创新的环境;介绍了加州理工学院和阿卜杜拉国王科技大学在人才培养和技术转移方面的经验。他提出,研究型大学需要吸引和培养不平凡的人才,为他们提供一流的设备和持续的支持,鼓励他们开展好奇心驱动型研究和目标驱动型研究;学校应形成不仅认可学术成果,也认可作为领导者、发明者和导师的文化和激励机制;重视与科学家就服务教授和合作伙伴进行日常的、深入而有意义的互动,以推动技术转移。文章根据钱缪校长在北京大学的英文演讲翻译而成,并经演讲者授权在本刊独家刊登,感谢北京大学国际合作部给予的大力支持。 相似文献
11.
LetH
n
be the set of real algebraic polynomials of degreen, whose zeros all lie in the interval [−1,1]. The well known Turán type inequalities tell us that forf(x)∈H
n
, it holds ‖f′‖≥C√n‖f‖. This note deals with the weighted Turán type inequalities with the weights having inner singularities underL
p
norm for 0<p≤∞. Our results essentially extend the result of Wang and Zhou (2002), and the method used in this paper is simpler and more
direct than that of Wang and Zhou (2002). The results and methods have their own values in approximation theory and computation. 相似文献
12.
LU Bao - qi 《上海大学学报(英文版)》2005,9(4):365-368
Infrared （IR） absorption spectra and X-ray powder diffraction （XRD） patterrns of sexpenfine cat＇s eye from Sichuan Province have been investigated, and infrared absorption bands of the serpentine have been assigned in this paper. The results indicate that the bands near 3 600 - 3 700 cm^-1 belong to the stretching absorption band VOH, the bands in 948 - 1 100 cm^-1 axe assigned to the stretching vibraling band Usvo, and the bands at 600 570 and 440 cm^-1 respectively belong to the bending vibration band VOH, δMg-O and δSi-O. The serpentine cat＇ s eye includes two types： chrysotile and antigorite. Chrysotile has a sharp and intensive band at 3 688 cm^-1 and a weak band at 3 643 cm^-1 , while antigorite has only one intensive band in the region. At vibration band VSi-O, chrysotile and antigorite have a similar feature at 1 071 cm^-1, but the band at 980 cm^-1 in anfigorite has been split into two bands in chrysotile - a strong one at 1 027 cm^-1 and a weak one at 949 cm^-1. In addition, antigorite has a characteristic bending vibrating band δMg-O at 570 cm^-1. Based on the analysis of the feature of crystal structure, their IR differences axe well explained. 相似文献
13.
Nine limiting binaries of Al2O3-SiO2-Re2O3(Re=Nd, Sm, Gd and La) system are assessed. The binary diagrams or experimental information from Toropov, Mizuno, Aramaki,
Bondar, Rolin and Coutures are optimized with the substitutional model of Kaufman and Nesor and the approximate formula of
fusion free energy for rare earth element oxides of Wu and Pelton. The extracted Gibbs free energies of pure solid oxides
and stoichiometric phases and the solution parameters are used to estimate the corresponding binaries, liquidus surfaces and
a series of isothermal sections of four ternaries Al2O3-SiO2-Nd2O3, Al2O3-SiO2-Sm2O3, Al2O3-SiO2-Gd2O3, and Al2O3-SiO2-La2O3. In the Al2O3-SiO2-Gd2O3 system samples as fired at exact temperature with different compositions were analyzed by X-ray diffractometer and the detected
results are fitted with the calculation of isothermal sections.
Supported by State Key Lab of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Micro-structure (9517 and 9708) 相似文献
14.
In this response we address some of the significant issues that Tony Brown raised in his analysis and critique of the Special
Issue of Educational Studies in Mathematics on “Semiotic perspectives in mathematics education” (Sáenz-Ludlow & Presmeg, Educational Studies in Mathematics 61(1–2),
2006). Among these issues are conceptualizations of subjectivity and the notion that particular readings of Peircean and Vygotskian
semiotics may limit the ways that authors define key actors or elements in mathematics education, namely students, teachers
and the nature of mathematics. To deepen the conversation, we comment on Brown’s approach and explore the theoretical apparatus
of Jacques Lacan that informs Brown’s discourse. We show some of the intrinsic limitations of the Lacanian idea of subjectivity
that permeates Brown’s insightful analysis and conclude with a suggestion about some possible lines of research in mathematics
education.
相似文献
| Luis RadfordEmail: |
15.
Rene A. Gonzales Gordon Ferns Marc A. T. M. Vorstenbosch Claire F. Smith 《Anatomical sciences education》2020,13(6):707-720
Spatial ability (SA) is the cognitive capacity to understand and mentally manipulate concepts of objects, remembering relationships among their parts and those of their surroundings. Spatial ability provides a learning advantage in science and may be useful in anatomy and technical skills in health care. This study aimed to assess the relationship between SA and anatomy scores in first- and second-year medical students. The training sessions focused on the analysis of the spatial component of objects' structure and their interaction as applied to medicine; SA was tested using the Visualization of Rotation (ROT) test. The intervention group (n = 29) received training and their pre- and post-training scores for the SA tests were compared to a control group (n = 75). Both groups improved their mean scores in the follow-up SA test (P < 0.010). There was no significant difference in SA scores between the groups for either SA test (P = 0.31, P = 0.90). The SA scores for female students were significantly lower than for male students, both at baseline and follow-up (P < 0.010). Anatomy training and assessment were administered by the anatomy department of the medical school, and examination scores were not significantly different between the two groups post-intervention (P = 0.33). However, participants with scores in the bottom quartile for SA performed worse in the anatomy questions (P < 0.001). Spatial awareness training did not improve SA or anatomy scores; however, SA may identify students who may benefit from additional academic support. 相似文献
16.
Consider the positive d-dimensional lattice d (d≥2) with partial ordering ≤, let {XK; K ∈ d } be i.i.d. random vari- ables taking values in a real separable Hilbert space (H, ||·||) with mean zero and covariance operator ∑, and set partial sums SN =∑K≤NXK, K , N ∈ d . Under some moment conditions, we obtain the precise asymptotics of a kind of weighted infinite series for partial sums SN as ε 0 by using the truncation and approximation methods. The results are related to the convergence rates of the law of the logarithm in Hilbert space, and they also extend the results of (Gut and Spǎtaru, 2003). 相似文献
17.
Résumé De manière générale, l'évidence sensorielle et, plus particulièrement, visuelle constitue pour les étudiants le principal fondement du savoir scientifique: nul besoin de supposer pour connaître, tout est donné ou presque. Du point de vue de l'enseignement des sciences, cette croyance à saveur réaliste est particulièrement critique, notamment parce qu'elle conduit à penser que les concepts, lois et théories scientifiques procèdent d'un monde de matérialités plutôt que d'un monde de modèles et de relations. Au cours d'une recherche effectuée auprès d'un groupe-classe de 35 étudiants durant douze semaines, nous avons pu observer que, pour la majorité des étudiants, la compréhension du caractère construit et consensuel du savoir scientifique était facilitée par le développement d'une métaréflexion sur leurs propres productions de connaissance et les inévitables postulats et suppositions qui les fondent. Nous avons également pu observer qu'il découle de cette activité réflexive un modèle de science qui se distingue des modèles initialement tenus par les étudiants, par le pouvoir créateur et, surtout, le pouvoir de théoriser qu'il comporte: postuler, supposer, jauger collectivement de la plausibilité des résultats plutôt qu'en appeler à une instance occulte, voilà quelques-unes des conquêtes théoriques qu'ils ont effectuées et sur lesquelles nous allons nous attarder.
Sensorial, and more specifically, visual evidence is generally regarded by students as the basis for scientific knowledge: no need to postulate to understand, all is almost or practically given. From a science-teaching standpoint, this rather realistic approach is critical and leads to the belief that scientific concepts, laws, and theories stem from a world of materiality rather than from a world of models and relationships. During a 12-week study a group of 35 college students, we observed that for the majority of them, the development of metareflection on how they produce knowledge, with the inevitable and inherent postulates and conjecture, facilitated their understanding of the constructed and consensual character of scientific knowledge. We also observed that this reflexive activity facilitated the development of a new approach to science that differed from those models previously used by the students in its creative potential and, more importantly, in the power of its theoretics: to postulate, suppose, and collectively estimate the plausibility of results rather than calling up occult instances. These and other theoretical achievements will be discussed in this paper.相似文献
18.
Rocio Lorenzo-Alvarez Teodoro Rudolphi-Solero Miguel J. Ruiz-Gomez Francisco Sendra-Portero 《Anatomical sciences education》2020,13(5):602-617
Game-based learning can have a positive impact on medical education, and virtual worlds have great potential for supporting immersive online games. It is necessary to reinforce current medical students' knowledge about radiological anatomy and radiological signs. To meet this need, the objectives of this study were: to design a competition-based game in the virtual world, Second Life and to analyze the students' perceptions of Second Life and the game, as well as to analyze the medium-term retention of knowledge and the potential impact on the final grades. Ninety out of 197 (45.6%) third-year medical students voluntarily participated in an online game based on self-guided presentations and multiple-choice tests over six 6-day stages. Participants and non-participants were invited to perform an evaluation questionnaire about the experience and a post-exposure knowledge test. Participants rated the experience with mean scores equal to or higher than 8.1 on a 10-point scale, highlighting the professor (9.5 ± 1.1; mean ± SD) and the virtual environment (8.9 ± 1.1). Participants had better results in the post-exposure test than non-participants (59.0 ± 13.5 versus 45.3 ± 11.5; P < 0.001) and a lower percentage of answers left blank (6.7 ± 8.4 versus 13.1 ± 12.9; P = 0.014). Competitive game-based learning within Second Life is an effective and well-accepted means of teaching core radiological anatomy and radiological signs content to medical students. The higher medium-term outcomes obtained by participants may indicate effective learning with the game. Additionally, valuable positive perceptions about the game, the educational contents, and the potential benefit for their education were discovered among non-participants. 相似文献
19.
Abstract This article reports on the first two phases of a multiphase science education development project in predominantly Māori
kura (school communities) in the central region of the North Island of Aotearoa New Zealand. The development project in its
entirety employs an action research methodology and by so doing endeavors to support the improvement of science education
delivery in accordance with school community aspirations. The full project (a) establishes the current situation in Year 1–8
science education in the communities; (b) identifies developmental aspirations for stakeholders within the communities and
identifies potential contributors and constraints to these aspirations; (c) implements mechanisms for achieving identified
aspirations; and finally; (d) evaluates the effectiveness of such mechanisms. In its focus on the first two phases, this article
incorporates the analytical lenses of Kaupapa Māori Theory and Bronfenbrenner’s bio-ecological model. It concludes by outlining
some priorities to consider for science education development based on the outcomes of our preliminary discussions.
相似文献
| Brian LewthwaiteEmail: |
20.
Ann Moir-Bussy Catherine Sun 《International journal for the advancement of counseling》2008,30(3):202-212
Within the context of the growing development of intercultural counsellor education, the question of how different cultures
reconceptualize and transform Western counselling theories for their own context is an important one. In this intercultural
exchange in education, concepts such as ‘globalization’, ‘indigenization’ and ‘universalization’ have an impact on the education
process. This paper briefly explores these terms and movements and then highlights findings from a research project that took
place with a group of counselling graduates in Hong Kong examining how they undertook the processes of reconceptualization
and transformation. The dialogical process involved in that enabled participants and researcher to co-explore the process
of knowledge development within the counselling education field. Implications for counsellor education are highlighted.
相似文献
| Ann Moir-BussyEmail: |