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1.
Urinary abnormalities were evaluated in 100 renal stone patients with first episode of renal stone having age 22 to 45 years
from both sex and compared to 100 normal healthy control group having same age group from both sex. Twenty-four hours urinary
oxalate, calcium, uric acid, sodium, magnesium, phosphorus and citrate were estimated. The urinary pH was also determined.
In stone formers urinary oxalate, calcium, sodium and uric acid excretions were significantly higher when compared with control
group. Whereas citrate, phosphate and magnesium excretion were significantly lower in stone formers when compared with control.
The pH of urine in stone formers was lower than the controls. High dietary intake of purine rich diet causes elevated excretion
of uric acid, which leads to calcium oxalate crystal formation and precipitation. Other risk factors such as urinary oxalate,
calcium also related to formation of renal calculi.
Hypocitraturia is the main cause of renal calculi along with hypomagnesiuria and hypophosphaturia in the patient of Marathwada
region. On the basis of urinary abnormalities further stone formation in the patient can be prevented by dietary modifications. 相似文献
2.
Rajeev Singh Kushwaha R. C. Gupta J. P. Sharma Sumita Sharma Raj Kumar Singh Germaine Cornelissen 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2017,32(2):220-224
Circadian periodicity of plasma lipid peroxides and serum ascorbic acid and uric acid levels were studied in one hundred renal stone formers (55 women and 45 men; age 20–60 years) and 50 clinically healthy volunteers (21 women and 29 men; age 21–45 years) with diurnal activity from 06:00 to 22:00 and nocturnal rest. A marked circadian variation was demonstrated by population-mean-cosinor for all studied variables in stone formers and healthy subjects. By comparison to the healthy controls, parameter tests indicate that the stone formers had a higher MESOR (±SE) of MDA (2.90 ± 0.03 vs. 2.28 ± 0.06; F = 94.929, p < 0.001), a lower MESOR of serum ascorbic acid (0.722 ± 0.010 vs. 0.839 ± 0.10; F = 32.083, p < 0.001), and a similar MESOR of serum uric acid. Furthermore, the patients also differed from the healthy subjects in terms of their circadian amplitude and acrophase (tested jointly) of all three variables (p < 0.001). The demonstration herein of a circadian rhythm in MDA, serum ascorbic and uric acid suggests that these variables could also serve as markers to optimize the timing of treatment and to assess the patient’s response to treatment for further management. 相似文献
3.
Fluoride content was measured in 100 urinary stones retrieved by open surgery of stone formers admitted at PGIMS Rohtak and
their respective urine and serum and compared with those of healthy individuals. The concentration of fluoride was also measured
in the sources of drinking water of these stone formers. The concentration of fluoride was definitely significantly higher
in serum (p>0.01) and highly significantly higher in urine (p>−0.001) of stone formers compared to those of healthy individuals.
The content of oxalate in serum and 24 h urine of the stone formers was also measured, which was increased significantly (p<0.005
and p<0.001) compared to healthy individuals. The concentration of fluoride was probably significantly higher in drinking
water of these stone formers than the normal ones. There was a positive correlation between the content of fluoride of urinary
stones and urine of stone patients (r=.88); stone and serum (r=.62); drinking water and stone (r=.85) and their urine and
serum (r=.54); urine and drinking water (r=.83) and serum and water (r=.51). These results indicate a definite role of fluoride
in urinary stone formation. 相似文献
4.
P. P. Singh A. K. Pendse Rajkiran Bhupesh Partani 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》1993,8(1):54-58
Six consecutive day and night urine samples from 25 renal stone patients and 25 comparabe controls were collected and analysed for total mucoproteins, Tamm-Horsfall mucoprotein, & creatinine. In normal subjects the 24 hour, day and night urinary excretion of mucoprotein was 101.4±34.5, 58.2±20.1 and 40.5±19.3 mg respectively. The Tamm-Horsfall mucoprotein excretion was 43.9±18.4, 21.5±8.6 and 20.6±9.9 mg in respective samples. Stone formers excreted significantly higher amount of mucoprotein but not the Tamm-Horsfall mucoprotein. Furthermore, the diurnal variations was visible only for in case of total mucoprotein in both the groups. 相似文献
5.
R. Kumar R. Kapoor B. Mittal A. Kumar R. D. Mittal 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2003,18(2):209-215
Metabolic abnormalities were investigated in 44 stone patients with first time (group 1) and 56 with 2 times stone formation
(group 2), and in 25 normal individuals. 24hr urine was analysed spectrophotometrically for oxalate, calcium, magnesium, citrate,
uric acid, phosphate and creatinine. Hypocitraturia and hyperoxaluria were the common abnormalities in the stone formers.
Stone patients had significantly higher urinary oxalate, calcium and uric acid and lower phosphate than normal individuals.
Citrate/calcium and magnesium/calcium ratio were significantly high in normal individuals than stone formers. Patients in
group 2 excreted significantly higher urinary calcium and lower citrate that patients in group 1. Citrate/calcium ratio was
higher in group 1 than group 2. Hypocitraturia, hyperoxaluria, hypercalciuria and increased citrate/calcium and magnesium/calcium
ratio seem to be an essential risk factor for stone formation. Patients with recurrent stone formation could be distinguished
from patients with first time stone formation on the basis of urinary calcium and citrate. 相似文献
6.
A. Ahmed A. K. Pendse S. K. Rajpurohit P. P. Singh 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》1992,7(2):171-178
Acid challenge test was carried out on 87 subjects (37 normal and 50 radiologically proven stone formers) to assess their renal acidification capacity. NS were given three doses viz. 75, 100 and 150 mg NH4Cl/Kg body weight while the SF were tested with only 150 mg dose which was found to be an adequate dose. Ammonium chloride was given in gelatin capsules with breakfast and hourly urine samples were collected for next 7 hours. pH, creatinine, calcium, inorganic phosphorus, citrate, titrable acid and ammonium were analysed in all the samples. The incidence of renal tubular acidosis (RTA) in NS, tested with 75 mg and 100 mg/kg doses of ammonium chloride, was 50% and 10% respectively while it was nil and 24% respectively in NS and SF tested with 150mg/kg dose. Complete RTA was detected in one SF. No significant difference was observed in urinary profile of NS and SF except that the hourly titrable acid excretion was lower in later. A comparison between with and without RTA SF revealed that titrable acid and phosphate excretion decreased in RTA defect. Overall data indicate that (a) RTA was an etiologic factor in one fourth of the SF; (b) an oral acid challenge test is a good adjunct to detect this condition and (c) acid challenge increases calcium, phosphate and titrable acid excretion and decreases citrate. 相似文献
7.
J. Baxi Kavita Sharma Rajbala Asha Mehta A. K. Pendse P. P. Singh 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》1994,9(1):47-49
Evaluation of serum SOD and MDA level was done in 21 first episode renal stone formers, 9 recurrent stone formers, 20 patients with obstructive uropathy other than urolithiasis and 12 patients with urinary infection. Twenty-two healthy volunteers were taken as controls. The level of SOD in respective groups was 2.12±0.84, 2.78±0.85, 1.42±0.31, 1.98±0.70 and 2.32±0.62 units/ml and of MDA was 2.61±1.07, 2.69±1.15, 1.65±0.33, 1.33±0.34 and 1.55±0.48 n mol/ml respectively. The results indicate increased peroxidative stressin nephrolithiasis only. Since SOD level was normal in all groups, this increased peroxidative stress in nephrolithiasis should be due to factors other than this one. 相似文献
8.
Effect of pyridoxine (Vitamin-B6) supplementation on calciuria and oxaluria levels of 20 normal healthy persons and 17 urinary stone patients has been studied.
Mean 24 hr urinary calcium and oxalate levels of controls (healthy persons) and stone patients were estimated in presupplementation
period and at every 20 days interval during supplementation. Stone patients were divided into two groups viz., mild hyperoxaluriacs
and moderate hyperoxaluriacs, based on their pre-supplementation (base line) oxaluria levels. 60 days of pyridoxine supplementation,
at the rate of 10 mg/day, resulted in a significant decrease (p<0.01 for mild hyperoxaluriacs and p<0.001 for moderate hyperoxaluriacs)
in mean 24 hr urinary oxalate levels of urinary stone patients. The corresponding decrement in mean oxaluria level of controls
was, however, only mild. The decrease of mean calciuria level of controls as well as stone patients, upon pyridoxine supplementation,
were also found to be only mild and not significant. Utility of pyridoxine therapy in oxalate urolithiasis has been discussed
in the light of results. 相似文献
9.
A. Ahmed A. K. Pendse P. N. Sharma P. P. Singh 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》1991,6(2):113-117
Ten normal subjects (NS) and 28 stone formers (SF) underwent 1 and 2 gm. calcium loading test following three days of calcium restricted diet (400 mg/day). On 4th day first 24-hr. urine sample was collected. An additional 1 and 2 gm. of calcium (Calcium gluconate) was given orally on 5th and 6th day respectively and 24-hr. urine samples were collected on both the days. Before loading, all the NS had normal calcium excretion (<200 mg/day). Calcium loading caused hypercalciuria in 10% and 20% cases respectively. Among SF, 17.9% cases were already hypercalciuric and calcium loading increased it to 42.9% and 46.4% patients respectively. The results indicated that exogenous calcium had only limited capacity to increase urinary calcium and that the magnitude of rise was relatively higher in SF. The increased excretion in SF was primarily due to intestinal hyperabsorption of calcium. 相似文献
10.
Non enzymatic glycosylation of IgG and their urinary excretion in patients with diabetic nephropathy
Diabetic nephropathy is a major cause of end stage renal disease. Increased excretion of albumin has widely been recognized
as an early manifestation of diabetic nephropathy particularly in subjects with diabetes mellitus. However, certain other
proteins besides albumin may be excreted in high amount during early phase of diabetic nephropathy. The serum and urinary
IgG, Glycosylated hemoglobin, fructosamine and glycosylated IgG were evaluated in the present study. Thirty-two patients of
Type 2 Diabetes without any complications, thirty-one patients of Type 2 Diabetes with nephropathy, twenty-six patients of
non-diabetic nephropathy and forty normal healthy individuals were enrolled in this study. Subjects were grouped based on
their serum creatinine level. Serum IgG, glycosylation of IgG and urinary IgG excretion were increased significantly in diabetic
patients compared to healthy controls, which were further increased significantly in chronic renal failure patients with respect
to the clinical stage of nephropathy. A positive correlation was observed between glycosylation of IgG and IgG excretion (R2=0.5995, 0.7114 respectively) in diabetic patients without any complications and diabetic nephropathy patients only, suggesting
a significant role of IgG glycosylation in the vascular clearances of IgG during diabetic nephropathy. 相似文献
11.
Hitesh Shah 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2005,20(2):189-191
It is well established that smoking increases the risk for cardiovascular disease. From the studies in diabetic subjects it
has been shown that smoking induces microalbuminuria and accelerates the progression to end stage renal disease. Little is
known whether smoking is also related to microalbuminuria and renal end organ damage in non diabetic subjects. The hypothesis
which was put forward that tobacco chewing is related to microalbuminuria and renal functional changes in non diabetic subjects.
We therefore performed a population based study in the Anand city of Gujarat in which we studied the relation between tobacco
chewing and urinary albumin excretion. Tobacco chewers had a higher urinary albumin excretion (Albumin excretion 373±13.9
mg/day: P<0.01) than those who do not consume tobacco. In conclusion tobacco chewing is associated with albuminuria. 相似文献
12.
13.
The effect of sodium pentosan polysulphate (SPP) in calcium oxalate stone forming rats was studied in relation to enzymatic changes in liver. A significant increase in liver glycollate oxidase (GAO) activity was observed in stone forming rats fed sodium glycollate. SPP treatment lowered the enzyme acitivity in both stone formers and 30 days drug treated control rats. Moderate elevation in LDH activity was seen in the calculogenic group and SPP had minimal effect. The lowering of alkaline and acid phosphatase activities in stone formers was normalised with drug administration. Increases in total, Na+, K+-and Ca2+-ATPase levels in the calculogenic rats was lowered considerably with SPP treatment. Inorganic pyrophosphatase and aminotransferases were slightly reduced in glycollate-fed rats. SPP administration further lowered the pyrophosphatase level. The decrease in liver GAO during SPP administration with a consequent reduction in kidney oxalate may prove beneficial in preventing recurrence. 相似文献
14.
Ranjana Singh Sumita Sharma Raj K. Singh Germaine Cornelissen 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2016,31(2):215-223
The circadian rhythm of human circulating lipid components was studied under nearnormal tropical conditions in 162 healthy volunteers (103 males and 59 females; 7 to 75 years of age). They followed a diurnal activity from about 06:00 to about 22:00 and nocturnal rest. These volunteers were divided into four groups: Group A (7–20 years), Group B (21–40 years), Group C (41–60 years) and Group D (61–75 years), comprising 42, 60, 35 and 25 participants, respectively. A marked circadian rhythm was demonstrated for each studied variable in each group by population-mean cosinor analysis (almost invariably p < 0.001). Furthermore, circadian rhythm characteristics were compared among the 4 groups by parameter tests and regressed as a function of age, separately for males and females. A second-order polynomial characterized the MESOR of HDL cholesterol, phospholipids and total lipids, as well as the 24-h amplitude of total cholesterol and phospholipids. The 24-h amplitude of total lipids decreased linearly with age. The 24-h acrophase of the oldest age group (Group D) was advanced in the case of total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and total lipids, whereas that of phospholipids was delayed. Mapping the circadian rhythm (an important component of the broader time structure or chronome, which includes a. o., trends with age and extra-circadian components) of lipid components is needed to explore their role in the aging process in health. 相似文献
15.
S. K. Bansal H. N. Pandey A. Bansal L. D. Joshi 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》1992,7(2):179-184
Circadian rhythm of serum glucose, pyruvate, lactate and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was studied in normal healthy young volunteers
at the onset (I Group, 7 cases) and peak (II Group, 8 cases) of winters in India with highly varied temperature. There was
a significant difference, in the circadian rhythm of glucose, pyruvate and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) of the two groups.
A clockwise shift was observed in acrophase except in serum lactate, which is related to the energy demand in association
with time qualified changes in diurnal activity of the individuals and change in photoperiod. 相似文献
16.
Ravjit Kaur Sabharwal Parduman Singh M. M. Arora B. L. Somani Vivek Ambade 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2008,23(1):71-75
The prevalence of microalbuminuria was assessed in 174 albustix negative hypertensive patients by estimating albumin in the
morning random urine samples by immunoturbidimetric method within four hours of voiding of urine. The urine samples were not
stored and collected without any preservatives. The urinary albumin was calculated in terms of ratio with respect to urinary
creatinine and expressed as albumin creatinine ratio (mg/g). Out of 174 albustix negative hypertensives, 58 (33.3%) patients
were found to have microalbuminuria. The prevalence of microalbuminuria in males and females was found to be 34% and 30.7%
respectively. No correlation was found between the Body Mass Index (BMI) and albumin excretion (r2 = 0.0271) and between duration of hypertension and urinary albumin excretion (r2 = 0.0042). Prevalence of microalbuminuria in nonsmokers and non-alcoholic hypertensives was 20%. The prevalence in alcoholics,
smokers and both smokers and alcoholics was found to be 35%, 42% and 41% respectively. The high prevalence of microalbuminuria
than the various reported studies on the subject demands establishment of a screening programme for microalbuminuria, implementation
of specific intervention methods and education of hypertensive patients about the consequences of smoking and alcohol on possible
involvement of renal system. 相似文献
17.
Ranjana Singh Rajesh K. Singh Anil K. Tripathi Nikhil Gupta Ajai Kumar Anil K. Singh Abbas A. Mahdi Rajendra Prasad Raj K. Singh 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2004,19(1):14-20
The circadian periodicity of plasma lipid peroxide levels and activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and
glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were studied in 50 clinically, bacteriologically and radiologically proven fresh cases of pulmonary
tuberculosis (age: 21–45 years) and 60 age-matched healthy volunteers with diurnal activity from 06∶00 to about 22∶00 and
nocturnal rest. A marked circadian variation in plasma lipid peroxide level was recorded in healthy subjects and pulmonary
tuberculosis patients with significant amplitude and acrophase around 16∶21 and 17∶12 respectively. The acrophase tended to
be delayed in tuberculosis patients. Furthermore, a statistically significant circadian rhythm was found in SOD, CAT and GPx
activities in normal volunteers and pulmonary tuberculopsis patients. SOD and CAT enzyme activity was noted to be maximum
at 06∶00 and minimum at 00∶00 in tuberculosis patients. The circadian acrophase for GPx activity was recorded at 16∶15 in
normals and around 22∶45 in patients. Moreover, the activity was found to be decreased at all sampling hours during 24-hours
sleep-awake period in patients in comparison to healthy counterparts. The MESOR and circadian amplitude also decreased markedly.
The decreased activity of measured antioxidant enzymes in pulmonary tuberculosis patients could probably be associated with
oxidative stress and/or decreased anti-oxidant defensive mechanism in such patients. 相似文献
18.
Urinary citric acid and calcium levels have been estimated in the urine of 20 normal healthy persons as well as 12 urinary
stone patients. Inhibition efficiency of these urine samples towards the mineralisation of urinary stone forming minerals,
viz., calcium phosphate, oxalate or carbonate, has been studied in an experimental model. Statistical correlation of the above
data has been made by computing the coefficient of determination and unexplained variance. Clinico-biochemical indexing of
calcium urolithiasis risk factor has been attempted in the light of the data. 相似文献
19.
The influence of L(+)-tartrate on liver cell constituents were investigated, during experimental stone formation in rats.
A significant increase in the liver glycollate oxidase activity was observed in the calculogenic group. Tartrate administration
had a considerable lowering effect on the liver glycollate oxidase activity and it also lowered the urinary excretion pattern
of oxalate. The rats fed with calculi producing diet also exhibited moderately enhanced LDH, (Na+, K+)—and (Ca2+)—ATPase activities. The activities of inorganic pyrophosphatase and aminotransferases were slightly reduced. Acid phosphatase
activity was significantly reduced with tartrate treatment. The use of tartrate in urolithiasis as a prophylactic measure
to prevent recurrence may be beneficial. 相似文献
20.
The effect of DL α-lipoic acid, a potent antioxidant was studied in relation to certain erythrocyte membrane parameters in
calcium oxalate stone forming rats. Induction of calcium oxalate lithiasis was done by feeding a diet containing 3% w/w sodium
glycollate. Erythrocyte membrane (Na+, K+)-ATPase showed a significant decrease in stone formers whereas (Ca2+)-ATPase showed a significant increase. Lipoic acid administration brought about an elevation in the activity of (Ca2+)-ATPase. Changes in membrane (Mg2+)-ATPase was minimal. Membrane cholesterol and phospholipids were found raised significantly in lithogenic rats. The changes
may be attributed to enhanced lipid peroxidative mechanisms and altered serum lipid profile observed in this group. Treatment
with lipoic acid reduced membrane cholesterol levels. Phospholipids were also decreased moderately. The above observations
suggest that lipoic acid administration to calculogenic rats reduces the erythrocyte strucutral changes observed in this condition. 相似文献