共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 125 毫秒
1.
在基础教育中推行素质教育,这是社会和时代发展的必然。作为对“应试教育”的辩证否定,素质教育与考试在实践层面上显得有些难以相容:一方面,考试事实上在某种程度上促成了基础教育的应试化;另一方面。在目前的评价理论和评价技术水平下,考试在教育中又不可或缺。这就要求我们,改革考试的内容和形式以适应教育的发展。试题素质化,不失为考试与素质教育整合的有 相似文献
2.
3.
全国外语水平考试(WSK)已经开考8次,我们在试题的信度与效度方面作了一些工作。首先在命题过程中尽量使所测内容符合考试大纲的各项要求,包括基本的知识和对语言运用能力的基本要求。此外通过具体的等值方法使各次考试的试题基本保持在同一难度水平上。每套试题中的客观性题目(不包括听力部分)都进行过等值实验;同时,在主观性试题的评分信度方面也采取了一定的措施。本文仅就全国外语水平考试(WSK)中的一种—英语水平考试(EPT)客观性试题的等值方法作一介绍。 相似文献
4.
论高等教育自学考试试题难度的控制 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
高等教育自学考试试题难度的控制是命题工作中的主要内容和核心问题之一。本文论述了自学考试试题难度控制的意义、要求、基本措施以及试题难度调控的基本方法。特别指出自学考试大纲中对试题难度层次分值比例规定的不尽合理之处.并提出了相应的调整建议。分析了不同命题质量控制措施对试题难度控制的不同作用。最后,结合实例论述了试题难度调控的基本技术方法。 相似文献
5.
国家教育部发出的中考改革指导意见中,明确提出思想政治科命题应设计一些开放性试题。近年来,为了落实这一要求,各地政治中考开始试行开放性试题命题和开卷考试,这对提高学生分析问题和解决问题的能力,开发学生智力,激发学生创新思维无疑起了很大的促进作用。然而,只有考试形式 相似文献
6.
7.
2007年全国各地课改实验区中考试题体现新课标、新理念,在考试目的、考试方法、考试内容上发生了巨大的转变．下面结合2007年课改实验区的试题做一个回顾,试对考试评价的变化作一些分析与总结． 相似文献
8.
在港台、国外的生物学考试以及生物学奥赛试卷中,常见到引入函数图像的试题;近年来,在国内一些考试如高考等类型的试卷中,也开始出现引入函数图像的试题。这种类型的题目,有的是要求学生分析函数图像,有的是要求学生绘制函数图像。由于高中学生已经掌握了一定的函数知识,这样,函数图像的运用可以直观、生动地阐明某些知识点。这些知识点在教学目标分类的认知水平中,多数属于理解、分析或应用层次的。因此,试题中引入函数图像,可以较好地考查学生对一些知识点的理解、掌握情况。而要求学生绘制符合题意的函数图像,能更好地考查学生综合分析和灵活应用的能力。但是不少学生因为没有掌握分析和绘制函数图像的方法,他们对这类题目常感到没处着手。本文将通过几个例题,着重对函数图像的绘制方法 相似文献
9.
1995年普通高校全国统考数学试题(以下简称“试题”),突出了讲究“条理性,应用性、探索性、选拔性”的特色.整套试题严格遵循教材(必修本)与《考试说明》的要求,试题在保持近几年试题的延续性的基础上,注意设置了一些背景和情境新颖的应用型以及探索性试题.这对活跃中学数学教学改革必将起到积极的推动作用.下面对1995年高考试题做一些具体分析,供读者参考. 相似文献
10.
通过介绍和分析奥迪机械电子技师考试的组成、试题编审、评分标准及加权计分方法,本文分析了考试中存在的一些具体问题,从中得到了一些对我们技师考核的有益的启示。 相似文献
11.
Examinees who take high-stakes assessments are usually given an opportunity to repeat the test if they are unsuccessful on their initial attempt. To prevent examinees from obtaining unfair score increases by memorizing the content of specific test items, testing agencies usually assign a different test form to repeat examinees. The use of multiple forms is expensive and can present psychometric challenges, particularly for low-volume credentialing programs; thus, it is important to determine if unwarranted score gains actually occur. Prior studies provide strong evidence that the same-form advantage is pronounced for aptitude tests. However, the sparse research within the context of achievement and credentialing testing suggests that the same-form advantage is minimal. For the present experiment, 541 examinees who failed a national certification test were randomly assigned to receive either the same test or a different (parallel) test on their second attempt. Although the same-form group had shorter response times on the second administration, score gains for the two groups were indistinguishable. We discuss factors that may limit the generalizability of these findings to other assessment contexts. 相似文献
12.
Daniela J. Jäger Katharina Maag Merki Britta Oerke Monika Holmeier 《Assessment in Education: Principles, Policy & Practice》2012,19(4):451-467
Governments worldwide are changing their educational policies to improve student performance. Some of these reforms involve the introduction of high-stakes testing, which often creates negative effects such as ‘teaching to the test’. This article deals with the use of low-stakes testing in the German states of Hesse and Bremen, and analyses whether statewide low-stakes testing produces comparable results to the use of high-stakes tests from the perspective of teachers. Moreover, it seeks to identify the factors responsible for the observable teaching to the test effect, above and beyond the use of statewide exams. The data come from surveys carried out in the framework of a longitudinal study funded by the German Research Foundation. Hesse and Bremen introduced statewide exit exams in several subjects in 2007 and 2008 as low-stakes tests. Our quasi-experimental study has been evaluating these implementations since 2007. 相似文献
13.
《Educational Assessment》2013,18(4):259-281
Educational accountability systems that use test scores as the primary measure of performance are in use in many states. Research has shown that such high-stakes testing can have negative consequences, including narrowing of the curriculum and overemphasizing decontextualized skills. This study examined the impact of a particular form of high-stakes testing, dubbed milepost testing, in which tests are only given at selected grade levels. Data were gathered in Kentucky at a time when state-mandated tests were given in some subjects in grades 4, 7, and 11, and in other subjects in grades 5, 8, and 11. This approach was used to reduce the cost and the burden of assessment and accountability. The study found that many of the effects identified in previous research were present when tests were only given in selected grade levels. This study documents substantial differences in practice between tested and nontested grades and draws implications for national testing proposals that are currently being debated. 相似文献
14.
Computerized adaptive testing (CAT) has gained deserved popularity in the administration of educational and professional assessments, but continues to face test security challenges. To ensure sustained quality assurance and testing integrity, it is imperative to establish and maintain multiple stable item pools that are consistent in terms of psychometric characteristics and content specifications. This study introduces the Honeycomb Pool Assembly (HPA) framework, an innovative solution for the construction of multiple parallel item pools for CAT that maximizes item utilization in the item bank. The HPA framework comprises two stages—cell assembly and pool assembly—and uses a mixed integer programming modeling approach. An empirical study demonstrated HPA's effectiveness in creating a large number of parallel pools using a real-world high-stakes CAT assessment item bank. The HPA framework offers several advantages, including (a) simultaneous creation of multiple parallel pools, (b) simplification of item pool maintenance, and (c) flexibility in establishing statistical and operational constraints. Moreover, it can help testing organizations efficiently manage and monitor the health of their item banks. Thus, the HPA framework is expected to be a valuable tool for testing professionals and organizations to address test security challenges and maintain the integrity of high-stakes CAT assessments. 相似文献
15.
Ashadi Ashadi 《教育政策杂志》2013,28(6):727-741
AbstractHigh-stakes testing regimes, in which schools are judged on their capacity to attain high student results in national tests, are becoming common in both developed and developing nations, including the United States, Britain and Australia. However, while there has been substantial investigation around the impact of high-stakes testing on curriculum and pedagogy, there has been very little research looking at the impact on teachers’ professional opportunities. The current project used a case study approach to examine the impact a high-stakes national testing programme had on teachers’ access to professional learning and their teaching allocations in four Indonesian public schools. It found that better qualified teachers were allocated to classes that would be sitting for the national examinations, and that these teachers were given much more access to professional learning opportunities than those teaching non-examined year levels. This in turn impacted negatively on the staff morale of less qualified teaching staff and potentially on their career trajectories. Findings suggest that school leaders should be wary of targeting better qualified and/or more experienced staff to year levels sitting for high-stakes tests, as this may lead to staff stratification within schools, limiting opportunities for staff to learn from one another and reducing the morale of less qualified and less experienced staff. They also add support to a substantial body of research that suggests policy-makers should be wary of the flow-on effects of using performance in high-stakes tests as the key means of judging school effectiveness. 相似文献
16.
In 1983, the National Commission on Excellence in Education in the United States issued a report called A Nation at Risk: The Imperative for Educational Reform. This report and other policy initiatives such as the No Child Left Behind Legislation recommended that the individual states
institute assessments to hold schools accountable. This research explored the potential impact of impending standardised testing
on teaching science in elementary schools in one school district in Florida. We explored the teachers' concerns about the
upcoming high-stakes tests in science, possible impact on their curriculum and what changes, if any, will be made in the approach
to science teaching and learning in their classrooms. As the teachers look toward the implementation of high-stakes testing
in science, they have recognised the need to teach science. This recognition is not borne out of the importance of science
learning for elementary school children, but rather out of fear of failure and the effects of tangible rewards or punishments
that accompany high-stakes testing. In anticipation, the teachers are preparing to align their teaching to the science standards
while aggressively searching for test preparatory materials. Schools are also involved in professional development and structural
changes to facilitate teaching of science. 相似文献
17.
Testing has become an attractive option for policymakers both because it has the potential to affect the behavior of educators in the educational system and because it is often viewed by the public as a way to guarantee a basic level of quality education. Whatever the reasons, formal testing tied to grade promotion and graduation continues to spread throughout the United States. A qualitative narrative is provided regarding the importance of the preparation of three minority students, Snuffi, Jasmine, and Wanda, for their high-stakes mathematics test. Afterward a critique of high-stakes tests, particularly for minority students as a requirement for high school graduation in public school districts in this country is also provided. Implications are discussed for further research in mathematics education. 相似文献
18.
Hani Morgan 《Clearing house (Menasha, Wis.)》2016,89(2):67-72
In the twenty-first century, the use of standardized tests as the primary means to evaluate schools and teachers in the United States has contributed to severe dilemmas, including misleading information on what students know, lower-level instruction, cheating, less collaboration, unfair treatment of teachers, and biased teaching. This article provides reasons for the increased use in high-stakes testing and detail on the problems it causes. Also included are possible solutions to alleviate the concerns associated with high-stakes testing. 相似文献
19.
20.
Building on recent discussions regarding how current national standards for physical education promote cognitive outcomes over physical outcomes, the authors explore how a new era in high-stakes testing is also contributing to an emphasis on the cognitive, over the physical. While high-stakes testing has been linked to reducing the amount of physical education schools offer, less attention has been given to the newest phase of high-stakes testing: the use of student achievement test data to evaluate teachers. To explore how this new high-stakes testing may influence physical education curriculum goals, the authors examine new teacher evaluation policies in New York State. The authors then propose an alternative rational for physical education. By promoting the physical—physical activity, exercise, and structured physical movement through physical education programming—physical education can play a unique and key role in creating the conditions for both student cognitive development and improved public health. 相似文献