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1.
采用实验法研究了运动记忆策略和记忆监控训练对运动技能学习的影响。结果显示,在艺术体操动作技能学习初期,动作记忆策略对动作记忆成绩(表现在动作数量和动作规格上)的效果较显著;在动作学习中期,记忆监控对艺术体操动作记忆数量的提高发挥着显著的协同作用。  相似文献   

2.
动作记忆研究的几个问题   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
系统地综述了陈述性知识、程序性知识的信息加工过程,分析和比较了动作记忆和言语记忆之间的信息加工的异同点,并根据前人研究结果对体育教学提出了几点建议。  相似文献   

3.
非言语材料的编码方式的研究   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
本文研究结果表明:在三种编码方式中,以动觉编码方式和言语编码方式的动作记忆效果最好,自由编码方式较差。三种编码方式中,大角度和小角度的肩关节动作记忆效果差。本研究结论支持了言语编码说和完全表象说。  相似文献   

4.
运用问卷调查法、情景记忆法和自我报告法,研究运动记忆策略和记忆监控与动作记忆成绩的关系。结果表明,运动记忆策略知识与动作记忆成绩相关不显著,动作记忆监控与动作记忆成绩有显著的相关关系。  相似文献   

5.
动作记忆研究的新领域——动作记忆元认知研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
随着现代认知心理学的发展,“对认知的认知”--元认知的研究已逐渐成为当前智力研究的前沿课题,就目前而言,在体育学习领域中有关元认知的研究极其贫乏,至今尚未见到有关的实验研究报告,动作记忆元认知即认知主体对自身动作记忆过程的认知与监控,具体包括动作记忆组织和动作记忆监控,基于动作记忆元认知在体育学习中的重要性,本文试图对动作记忆元认知过程进行初步探索,并提出一种全新的动作记忆训练方法-动作记忆元认知训练,为体育教学工作者和学习者寻找一种高质高效的教与学的方法,以增强学生动作学习能力。  相似文献   

6.
视障运动员动作记忆感觉道效应的实验研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
采用实验法,借助加工分离的实验程序,以视障运动员(包括盲童和低视力运动员)为实验组,低视力和明眼学生为对照组,非言语为实验材料,对视障运动员动作记忆感觉道效应进行实验研究。结果表明:学习和测验阶段感觉道的改变,对动作内隐记忆影响较大,对动作外显记忆则影响较小;视障运动员的意识性提取成绩显著优于视障学生,而两者之间的自动提取成绩几乎无差异。  相似文献   

7.
研究尝试从基础理论层面着手,以动作记忆为切入点,通过再现法来探究动作操作的记忆进程以及动作操作的记忆特点,为运动技能的学习提供心理方面的理论支持,进一步为体育教学内容改革提供理论依据。  相似文献   

8.
实施记忆策略提高初级剑术教学效果的实验研究   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
谭玉霞  林萍 《体育学刊》2001,(1):106-108
以普通女大学生为对象,结合初级剑术进行了教学实验。结果表明,实施记忆策略不仅有助于学生尽快记忆动作名称顺序,掌握所学技术动作,而且对提高整体教学效果也有良好的影响,同时也为武术教学提供可以借鉴的理论依据。  相似文献   

9.
对运动记忆策略问卷量表的心理构成分析   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
采用自拟问卷量表,对运动学习中记忆策略的心理构成进行了调查和实证研究,结果发现,运动记忆策略心理构成主要包括动作复述、动作组织、动作形象理解、动作表象加工、动作计检、动作意像联系等6个子策略。这种研究是把当代认知心理学应用到体育学习领域所做的初步尝试。  相似文献   

10.
众所周知,Hermann Ebbinghaus在1885年第一次采用无意义音节,利用重学节省法,开创了科学的记忆研究先河,提出了著名的遗忘曲线.从传统的记忆研究开始,到现在内隐记忆研究热潮的兴趣,以及对生活记忆的透视,百余年来心理学上关于记忆的研究可谓蓬勃发展,其记忆理论和研究方法也不断地更新和完善.而目前关于体育运动心理领域中的动作记忆的研究也正处于初步的探索之中,国内外的文献也并不多.鉴于此,要发展和完善动作记忆的研究,必须借鉴母科学--心理学上言语记忆的研究成果,同时也要结合动作记忆在记忆材料、加工特点、遗忘曲线等不同特点进行研究.  相似文献   

11.
Previous research on action memory showed the advantage for performing the action in memorising the action phrases. We tested if performing the action would help participants with or without motor expertise to memorise the novel action poses. Thirty novel action poses performed by an expert were photographed to constitute memory and interference stimuli. Eighty college students observed to remember the randomly displayed stimuli; however, half were asked to perform the displayed stimuli. Both free-recall and recognition tests were administered immediately and 24 h after the memory task. The results showed that acting was better than observing for memorising the novel action poses, which not only promoted the absolute retention but also alleviated the retention loss caused by interference. Motor expertise enhanced the overall memory performance by promoting a deeper motor encoding. Based on our results, novices should act with (rather than just observe) the model to learn novel motor skills.  相似文献   

12.
This study assessed the association of fitness and fatness with cognitive function in women with fibromyalgia, and the independent influence of their single components on cognitive tasks. A total of 468 women with fibromyalgia were included. Speed of information processing and working memory (Paced Auditory Serial Addition Task), as well as immediate and delayed recall, verbal learning and delayed recognition (Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test) were assessed. Aerobic fitness, muscle strength, flexibility and motor agility were assessed with the Senior Fitness Test battery. Body mass index, percent body fat, fat-mass index and waist circumference were measured. Aerobic fitness was associated with attention and working memory (all, p < 0.05). All fitness components were generally associated with delayed recall, verbal learning and delayed recognition (all, p < 0.05). Aerobic fitness showed the most powerful association with attention, working memory, delayed recall and verbal learning, while motor agility was the most powerful indicator of delayed recognition. None of the fatness parameters were associated with any of the outcomes (all, p > 0.05). Our results suggest that fitness, but not fatness, is associated with cognitive function in women with fibromyalgia. Aerobic fitness appears to be the most powerful fitness component regarding the cognitive tasks evaluated.  相似文献   

13.
张展嘉  李天晴  张冰 《体育科研》2015,(3):49-51-71
探讨了记忆编码后短时有氧运动对长时记忆的影响,以及运动强度这一因素在短时有氧运动与长时记忆关系中的作用。实验选取48名在校大学生(男女各半),分为控制组、低强度运动组和高强度运动组,运动组进行30 min不同强度的有氧运动,控制组则不进行运动。通过测试一周后对之前学习的中性词汇的再认成绩来评价长时记忆固化水平。结果表明,不同有氧运动强度对长时记忆固化的影响存在差异:高强度短时有氧运动能够显著提升长时记忆固化水平(P<0.05=,低强度短时有氧运动对长时记忆固化水平则不产生显著影响(P >0.05)。不同强度有氧运动对长时记忆的影响不随性别变化而改变。  相似文献   

14.
通过实验法中的再学法,运用连续性动作和分离性动作作为学习的内容进行实验,以Ebbinghaus的语词遗忘实验研究和我国学者许尚侠的动作操作遗忘进程的实验为基本框架,对不同年级、性别的小学生进行运动记忆差异性检验。结论:连续性运动材料的学习,遗忘进程与艾宾浩斯的遗忘规律相似;分离性运动材料的学习,遗忘进程是不均衡的,表现为最初的再学习有一定的记忆回涨现象,而后逐渐趋于平稳。小学生在学习运动材料的遗忘进程方面,存在着年龄、性别的差异,但差异量不大。不同难度运动材料的学习与再学习,小学生的遗忘量受学习动机、兴趣及其后继学习内容多少的影响较大。  相似文献   

15.
The concept of working memory has received a great deal of attention in the last couple of decades and discussions of working memory are now common in almost all branches of psychology, including cognitive, clinical, social, developmental, and educational settings. Therefore, it is surprising that the concept of working memory has received a lot less attention in the field of sport psychology compared to other branches of psychology, especially since research in sport psychology has increasingly incorporated cognitive concepts such as attention, perception and decision-making, which are purported to rely heavily on working memory. Thus, it is essential, in our opinion, to systematically investigate the working memory system in the field of sports, which offers a fruitful domain to explore the validity of models developed in other fields. This review provides an overview of working memory theory and discusses its relevance in sport psychology. We end the review by giving an outlook of potentially fruitful research areas on working memory in sport.  相似文献   

16.
Abstract

The published data on the reliability of self report measures of physical activity most commonly used in the cardiovascular disease epidemiology literature revealed high test-retest reliability coefficients for two of the measures, and modest to nonexistent intertest correlations. Validity coefficients were low to modest. The published data on the accuracy of the self report measures, however, revealed memory decay, memory of rare events alone, and lack of motivation in memory recall. An information processing model, composed of encoding, storage, and retrieval processes is proposed to understand the memory of physical activity, and to identify necessary skills for accurate self report identified at each step in the process. Questions requiring further research to specify this model and, in turn, improve accuracy of recall, are raised.  相似文献   

17.
目的:探讨大鼠海马CAl区微注射L-精氨酸(L—Arg)对大鼠空间学习记忆的影响。进而了解L—Arg的作用和机理,为深入研究该药物的神经生物学机制提供实验依据。方法:10只SD大鼠随机分为实验组(n=5,微量注射L—Arg0.5μl,浓度为50g/L)和对照组(n:5,微量注射生理盐水0.5μl),利用八臂迷宫对大鼠进行测试,记录不同药物注射下大鼠在八臂迷宫中的工作记忆错误和参考记忆错误。结果:大鼠海马区微注射生理盐水前后八臂迷宫实验3--作记忆错误分别为2±0.3次、2.4±0.2次,前后无显著变化(P〉0.05);注药前后参考记忆错误分别为6.2±0.3次、6.4±0.2次,前后无显著变化(p〉0.05)。实验测量结果对比发现,导管植入手术对大鼠空间学习记忆能力无明显影响;大鼠海马区微注射L-Arg前后测试时间分别为224.1s、223.8s,注射前后无明显差异(P〉0.05)。大鼠海马区注射L—Arg后工作记忆错误为1.9±0.3次,对照组为2.7±0.4次,实验组工作记忆错误次数明显降低(P〈0.05);注药后参考记忆错误分别为实验组5.3±0.4次、对照组6.5±0.5次,实验组参考记忆错误次数明显降低(P〈0.05)。结论:海马区微注射生理盐水对大鼠的学习记忆能力影响不大,海马区微注射L—Arg能提高大鼠的学习记忆能力。  相似文献   

18.
本文通过对可能与学习记忆相关脑区突触形态与功能、中枢神经递质系统以及基因表达等3个方面的简要综述研究,对运动影响学习与记忆能力的机制将有更为精确与全面的认识,从而进一步推动相关研究的不断深入。  相似文献   

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