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1.
三语习得中的语言迁移问题是近十年语言学家研究的热点。三语习得是个比较复杂的过程,第一语言和第二语言都可能对其产生影响。文章以语言迁移理论为指导,探讨母语(汉语)和第二语言(英语)的迁移对第三语言(日语)语调习得的影响,以指导日语教学,提高教学质量。 相似文献
2.
The relationships between phoneme categorisation, phonological processing, and reading performance were examined in Chinese‐English speaking children in an English‐speaking environment. Second language (L2, i.e., English) phonological processing but not phoneme categorisation was related to L2 reading. First language (L1) oral language skills were related to Chinese reading with L1 phonological processing being related to the Chinese reading task with a strong phonological component (pseudocharacter reading). L1 phoneme categorisation skill was not strongly related to L1 reading. These findings suggest that phonological processing is related to reading tasks with heavy phonological demands, such as reading in an alphabetic orthography or pseudocharacter reading in a nonalphabetic orthography. Exposure to L1 reading might influence processes used by Chinese‐speaking children in an English‐speaking environment. 相似文献
3.
Language transfer is one of the central questions in second language acquisition (SLA) study. It claims that learners’ the native language (NL) or first language (L1) will make great impacts, either promoting or hindering, on their second language (L2) acquisition, i.e. positive transfer and negative transfer. The issue has been widely concerned and researched in such relative fields as language education and psychological study during the past years. It is far beyond the scope of this paper to discuss it thoroughly since the scope of L1 influence is so wide that it affects almost all linguistic subsystems. Instead, this paper aims to focus on how the Chinese language facilitates Chinese learners’ English lexical acquisition. Some suggestions on how to make use of the positive aspects is provided at the end of the paper for practical purpose. 相似文献
4.
在二外法语语言习得过程中,学习者的母语知识必然会影响到其法语的学习,根据语言迁移理论对母语为汉语的二外法语学习者在语音、词汇和语法汇学习过程中所出现的母语负迁移现象进行简单的分析,从而帮助学生克服由于母语知识负迁移所引起的学习困难,促进学生的二外法语的语言发展。 相似文献
5.
乔姆斯基提出的普遍语法理论使语言迁移成为可能。英语和法语有着很深的历史渊源,对英语和法语进行对比分析,比较两种语言的异同,有助于有良好英语知识的学习者开始法语学习。从条件句,特别是非真实奈件句的比较研究可以看出,英语和法语之间有很多的语言相似性。因此,我们应该充分发挥学生已掌握英语的优势,因势利导,发挥语言正迁移作用,促进学生法语习得。 相似文献
6.
刘玉琴 《黑龙江教育学院学报》2012,31(3):144-146
迁移是研究语言习得的一个重要概念。法语由于其与英语的特殊关系以及长期受到英语学习的影响,英语专业的学生在学习二外法语时倾向用英语知识来构建法语,从而带来了正负双重迁移。基于此,从英语和法语的迁移理论着手,结合两种语言在语音方面的异同比较,分析探讨英语专业学生在二外法语语音习得阶段,如何合理利用迁移定势,促进正迁移,从而更好地学习二外法语。 相似文献
7.
杨丽婷 《楚雄师范学院学报》2011,26(12):59-65
在汉语为母语,英语为第一外语,法语为第二外语的背景下,笔者依据语言类型学理论,从定语成分,定语和中心词的语序,定语与中心词之间是否有载体标识以及是否需要性、数配合等四个方面挖掘汉语、英语、法语这三种语言的共性。希望借此更好地了解汉、英、法这三种语言,从而避免母语对两种外语习得的干扰,以及减少第一外语对第二外语的负迁移。 相似文献
8.
语言负迁移现象是语言习得的一种主要障碍。外语学生的错误,有三分之一来自本国语的干扰。英语学习中,汉语也常会从语音、语法、语义及表达方式四方面起着干扰作用,导致学习者出现了很多错误。分析这些错误缺点,对语言理论研究及英语教学质量的提高都是有帮助的。 相似文献
9.
采用典型启动效应的实验范式，语义和语音两种不同加工水平的试验任务，通过3个实验探讨了中英双语第二语言的语义通达机制。被试为第二军医大学的学生38名。结果发现：在基于语义的范畴判断任务中，当启动刺激（英）和目标刺激（英）之间存在语义联想关系，得到了显著的启动效应（实验一）；当启动刺激（中）和目标刺激（英）之间存在语义联想关系，即与实验一对等的跨语言语义启动试验，也得到了显著的跨语言启动效应，而且实验一和实验二的启动值之间没有显著的差异（实验二）；当启动刺激（中）的翻译对等词和目标刺激（英）之间存在语音相同或相近关系时，采用基于语音的词汇判断任务，也得到了显著的跨语言启动效应。这一结果表明，对于中国大学生程度的中英双语者来说，他们第二语言的词汇表征既直接通达语义概念表征，又可以借助第一语言的词汇表征为中介再通达语义概念表征，与Kroll等提出的模型一致。 相似文献
10.
Native language plays an important role in the field of foreign language teaching and learning. When it comes to the transfer of the native language, we always think about the negative interference of it, even if we know that language transfer can be divided into positive transfer and negative transfer. In fact, we should not neglect these common areas between Chinese and English, which lead to the positive transfer and strengthen the efficient process of language learning. Here, there have been listed four levels of common areas between Chinese and English to illustrate the positive transfer from Chinese to English. 相似文献
11.
Second language Learners’ awareness of the native-target language "distance" was said to be included in the constraints of language transfer,i.e.whether or not learners actually transfer a form can depend in part on the degree that learners establish a similarity between the two languages in form and psychology.This paper aims to explore the roles that formal similarity and psychological similarity playing upon language transfer and the detailed relationship between them each other,by analyzing the data coming from two cases where Chinese students’ acquiring Japanese and English,so as to provide a scientific experimental basis for better understanding of language transfer and higher efficiency of second language learning. 相似文献
12.
文章通过问卷调查和访谈的方法,对三组不同英语水平且母语均为汉语的学习者进行调查研究。本研究调查了在英语阅读中母语对材料的理解、阅读的技巧、阅读的速度的作用以及学习者利用母语和把有关材料翻译成母语的情况,通过SPSS对数据进行分析,并且将不同英语水平的学习者的情况进行比较分析。结果显示,英语水平高的学习者更善于利用母语的正迁移。 相似文献
13.
郑惠敏 《宁波教育学院学报》2007,9(2):39-42
语言迁移是影响二语习得的一个重要因素。通过学习行为主义心理学和认知心理学对语言迁移的研究,人们能正确认识语言迁移对语言习得的影响。并通过系统地对比分析影响语言迁移的语言因素和非语言因素,教师能在英语教学中更好地结合中英文语言及文化的异同,尽可能促进学生在英语学习中的正迁移,避免负迁移。 相似文献
14.
Katherine I. Martin 《Reading and writing》2017,30(2):279-298
Orthographic knowledge, the general ability to learn, store, and use information about the orthographic form of words (Stanovich & West, 1989), is a crucial skill for supporting literacy. Although the development of first language (L1) orthographic awareness is impacted by the characteristics of a learner’s L1 writing system, relatively little is known about what impact the L1 may have on second language (L2) orthographic awareness. In this study, English language learners from three L1s (French, Hebrew, Mandarin Chinese), plus L1 English speakers, were tested on their English spelling knowledge using a word-pseudohomophone discrimination task. In addition to allowing for the cross-linguistic comparisons, items were designed to examine whether learners had differing performance on pseudohomophones (misspellings) that targeted vowels versus consonants. Consistent with previous research (e.g., McBride-Chang, Bialystok, Cong, & Li, 2004), the L1 Chinese speakers had the highest (L2) accuracy, followed by the L1 Hebrew and the L1 French speakers. The participants from non-alphabetic languages (Hebrew and Chinese) had significantly lower accuracy on items with misspellings involving vowels compared to consonants, and the size of the vowel-consonant accuracy difference varied substantially across L1 groups. The results demonstrate that the characteristics of a learner’s L1 writing system, particularly the existence of vowel and consonant graphemes, impact the development of L2 orthographic knowledge and sensitivity to different types of word misspellings. 相似文献
15.
L3(英语)学习会引起学习者语言系统质量的改进,促进学习者语言学习技能、语言管理技能以及语言维持技能的发展。通过对新疆三所高校214名少数民族大学生英语词汇学习策略使用情况的实证分析表明,L2(汉语)水平对学习者L3(英语)词汇学习策略的使用倾向有明显的影响,L3(英语)学习者作为有经验的学习者,更注重在L2(汉语)学习中提炼有效的学习经验。 相似文献
16.
徐维丽 《黑龙江教育学院学报》2012,(11):148-150
二语语音习得研究表明母语(方言)对二语语音习得影响很大,二语学习者在习得二语语音时会把母语中的音素、声调等迁移到二语当中。基于此,利用母语迁移理论,对不同方言背景下中国学习者的英语双元音感知进行数据采集和分析,发现学习者在英语双元音学习中因母语干扰而形成了语音感知盲点,并据此提出,在教学中,教师应结合本地方言与英语音系进行对比分析,有针对性地帮助学生尽快建构较稳定的二语音系。 相似文献
17.
在研究考察二语熟练程度与双语句法表征的关系中,借鉴国外句法启动的经典实验范式,设计针对不同水平英语学习者的跨语言句法启动实验,结果我们发现,汉英存在不平衡的启动效应：L1-L2的效应大于L2-L1,高水平英语学习者的效应大于低水平,且随着英语熟练程度的提高汉英双语句法表征融合度更高、共享的层面更显著。 相似文献
18.
李雅颖 《黄石理工学院学报(人文社科版)》2009,26(4):38-40
迁移理论认为：语言学习者的母语在第二语言习得过程中会产生正面的或者负面的影响。以此理论为基础,文章从英汉构词法、英汉动词词汇化模式及英汉词义共性出发,探讨了汉语在英语词汇习得中的正迁移现象。 相似文献
19.
The expertise reversal effect occurs when instruction that is effective for novice learners is ineffective or even counterproductive for more expert learners. Four experiments designed to explore the expertise reversal effect in the field of teaching and learning foreign language listening skills were conducted. Three instructional formats (read-only, listen-only, and read-and-listen) were designed to teach native Chinese students English (experiments 1–3) or French (experiment 4) listening skills. Experiment 1 found a significant interaction with no effect for learners with lower levels of listening expertise but a significant effect for learners with higher levels of listening expertise favoring the read-only approach. The results of experiment 2 replicated the counterintuitive findings of experiment 1. Experiment 3 testing less knowledgeable students than experiments 1 and 2 indicated that the read-and-listen condition was more effective for novice learners. Experiment 4 testing beginner-level learners of French as a foreign language obtained results consistent with those of experiment 3 in that lower expertise learners gained greater benefits from the read-and-listen than the read-only or listen-only teaching approaches. It is concluded that the read-and-listen approach benefitted novice learners but more expert learners could benefit more from the read-only approach. 相似文献
20.
张福 《洛阳师范学院学报》2012,31(10):99-102
语言迁移是一种语言对学习另一种语言产生的影响。这种现象在第二语言习得过程中是普遍存在的。根据母语在第二语言习得中的影响,母语迁移分为正迁移和负迁移。正迁移有助于加速语言学习者对目的语的学习,而负迁移则会干扰阻碍学习者对目的语的掌握。据此通过举例分析汉语语法知识对英语语法学习的正、负迁移作用,倡导教育者积极深入挖掘英汉两种语言的共同要素,以便促进学生在英语学习中掌握语法规律,进而提高英语教学效率。 相似文献