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将开放式创新分为内向型和外向型两个维度,并探讨两种模式对新产品绩效的作用机理。基于242家创新型企业数据,通过采用多元回归和Bootstrap法,得出以下结论：双向开放式创新对新产品绩效具有正向影响,且内向型比外向型作用更显著;产品新颖度在双向开放式创新和新产品绩效关系中发挥中介作用;制度支持和协同机制在双向开放式创新和产品新颖度关系中发挥正向调节效应,且调节产品新颖度在双向开放式创新和新产品绩效关系中的中介效应。研究结论拓展了开放式创新理论,为企业开展开放式创新及政府政策制定提供理论指导。 相似文献
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《Research Policy》2023,52(2):104661
Using patent data for a panel sample of European companies between 1995 and 2016 we explore whether the inventive success in Artificial Intelligence (AI) is related to earlier firms’ innovation in the area of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), and identify which company characteristics and external factors shape this performance. We show that AI innovation presents strong dynamic returns (learning effects) and benefits from complementaries with knowledge earlier developed in the area of network and communication technologies, high-speed computing and data analysis, and more recently cognition and imaging. AI patent productivity increases with the scale of firm innovation, and is lower for companies with narrow technological competences. There is evidence of knowledge spillovers from ICT innovators to AI innovators, but this effect is confined to the frontier firms of the new technological field. Our findings suggest that, with the take-off of the new technology, the technological lead of top AI innovators has increased due to the accumulation of internal competences and the expanding knowledge base. These trends help explain the concentration process of the world’s data market. 相似文献
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从技术不确定的角度分析团队组织情境因素,包括领导支持、任务挑战、组织鼓励对创新速度的影响;以我国162家企业为样本,以竞争强度、团队规模、研发成本和新产品开发资源作为控制变量,构建理论模型并进行检验。研究结果表明:领导支持比任务挑战更能提高创新速度;当技术新颖度高及波动性大时,即技术不确定性程度高时,领导支持对创新速度正向影响更大;当技术新颖度中等以及技术波动性低时,任务挑战对创新速度影响更大;一般情况下,组织鼓励与创新速度之间是正相关,然而当技术波动性大时,组织鼓励与创新速度之间负相关。 相似文献
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根据熊彼特技术创新理论和现有研究成果,企业技术创新选择的影响因素有财政、金融等外部因素和物质、制度和精神等企业因素。借助问卷数据,分析和检验假设发现财政、金融和劳动力市场等因素对我国企业技术创新作用不明显,企业物质、制度和精神等因素对技术创新选择影响较强,但对不同技术创新的效应差异显著。依据结论建议:在促进经济稳定增长时,政府应激励技术创新;完善投资环境,降低企业开办成本,提升投资者创办企业的积极性,增加企业密度,促进市场竞争;企业应制定长期战略,健全内部制度,协调部门之间利益以激发员工技术创新动力。 相似文献
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The role of technological management as a source of innovation: Evidence from Spanish manufacturing firms 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Elena Huergo 《Research Policy》2006,35(9):1377-1388
The objective of this study is to amplify the scarce empirical evidence about the effect of technological management on innovation. At the same time, the investigation is intended to examine whether the scale of production by itself stimulates technological activity and/or it acts as a proxy of other determinants of innovation. The estimation of an innovation production function with a panel of Spanish manufacturing firms shows that the planning and monitoring of the innovation process and the hiring of personnel with special skills for technological activities are significant sources of innovation, although with important differences regarding the type of innovation (process versus product). In addition, the evidence suggests that large firms’ advantages for the generation of product innovations are related to a different use and effectiveness of technological management mechanisms. 相似文献
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选择合适的时机与供应商建立稳定关系是提升制造商创新绩效的重要前提，但已有相关研究大多忽视合作时机这一重要因素，或简单采用二分法割裂时机阶段。为此，将制造商与供应商合作时机分为创意想法产生、技术孵化、产品开发、产品推广、商业化等阶段，以来自制造企业的472份问卷调研数据，运用多元回归法实证分析制造商与供应商合作时机对企业创新绩效的影响，并基于知识观探索技术知识新颖性与市场知识新颖性所发挥的权变作用。结果显示：（1）制造商通常在技术孵化、产品开发与产品推广阶段选择与供应商建立连接，合作时机对创新绩效的影响呈现倒“U”型关系，中期阶段与供应商建立合作更能促进制造商创新绩效提升；（2）技术知识新颖性与市场知识新颖性均对制造商与供应商合作时机和创新绩效之间的关系产生正向调节效应。因此，企业应重视与供应商合作时机的重要性，针对不同创新阶段制定差异化的供应商激活与引入策略。 相似文献
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Jie Wu 《Research Policy》2012,41(2):489-496
Drawing on the strategic alliances and innovation literature, this study proposes that the impact of technological collaboration on product innovation is contingent on market competition and sectoral technology characteristics. Specifically, it argues that the generally observed positive effect of technological collaboration on product innovation may be diluted in highly competitive markets, and the interactive effect of technological collaboration and market competition on product innovation will be further moderated by sectoral technological intensity. Data on the product innovation and technological collaboration of 944 Chinese firms across five manufacturing sectors provide robust support for the contingent effects of technological collaboration on product innovation. 相似文献
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高校研发活动对企业技术创新的溢出是构建区域创新体系的关键。本文采用知识生产模型分析了我国30个省市从1997到2007年全国和分地区高校研发对企业专利和新产品创新的溢出效应。结果表明我国高校研发对企业专利和新产品创新均产生了显著的地理溢出效应;地区层面上,东部和中部地区高校研发对企业新产品创新产生了显著溢出,而西部地区高校研发对企业专利创新产生了显著溢出;企业创新表现为东部最强、中部次之、西部最弱的格局;我国劳动密集型的经济运行方式对企业创新产生了明显的抑制作用。 相似文献
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在制造业企业创新驱动时代背景下,本文基于组织行为理论,探索了制造业企业期望绩效反馈效果对企业技术创新效果的影响,并在此基础上结合公司发展理论和产品市场理论探讨了公司发展方式与产品市场竞争的情境效应以及二者的联合情境效应。以制造业A股2001-2014年的面板数据对理论假设进行检验,结果显示：企业期望绩效反馈效果对企业技术创新效果产生正向影响;相比于外延型的发展方式而言,企业选择内涵型的发展方式更有利于推动企业的技术创新活动;而产品市场竞争在一定程度上也能够增强这种正向影响;最后,公司内涵型发展方式与产品市场竞争的联合情境效应对企业技术创新效果同样具有正向的调节作用。 相似文献
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《Research Policy》2023,52(4):104724
Despite the importance of process innovation in fostering supply chain competitiveness, existing studies primarily emphasize product innovation and overlook institutional environments. This study builds on the dyadic capability-based view and institutional theory to investigate how buyer's and supplier's technological capabilities jointly affect supply chain process innovation in China. We differentiate between two distinct dimensions, technological capability strength and technological capability asymmetry, and propose that technological capability strength negatively influences supply chain process innovation whereas technological capability asymmetry promotes such innovation. We also examine how formal (i.e., government intervention) and informal (i.e., guanxi importance) institutional factors moderate the effects of technological capability strength and asymmetry on supply chain process innovation. Empirical analyses based on 157 buyer–supplier dyads in China offer strong support for our hypotheses, which provide important implications for the supply chain innovation collaboration literature and managerial practice. 相似文献
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基于中国2007-2018年的省级面板数据,利用空间杜宾模型比较独立和协同情景中科技创新与科技创业的"本地-邻地"就业效应,并考察科技创新与科技创业在门槛约束下对就业的差异性影响.结果 表明,科技创新对本地和经济距离邻近地区就业具有促进作用,但科技创业未能对本地和邻地就业产生显著影响;科技创新与科技创业的协同对本地就业存在积极作用,且能同时带动地理和经济距离邻近地区的就业;提高科技创业水平能够抑制科技创新对就业的破坏作用,而提高科技创新水平能够强化科技创业对就业促进作用. 相似文献
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Theories of technological change fail to account for innovation stemming from affordances of previously developed artefacts. The literature has highlighted that novelty can originate from market needs, from inferences made from scientific theories or be the object of deliberate technology projects in technology-push models. More recently, scholars have suggested that exaptation, defined as the co-option of artefacts for new functions, may constitute a different path to novelty production. However, the link between the existing artefact and the genesis of new functions driving exaptation is underexplored. Through a longitudinal case study of instances of emergence of new technologies stemming from a single compound, coal tar, we show that exaptation plays a role in all novelty production and, in some cases, it is its main determinant. We build a model of exaptive novelty production that captures the interactions between secondary effects of existing technology, affordances, functionalities, and the emergence of new functions. Our model enriches the theory of innovation by integrating both serendipitous and planned processes as well as both artefactual characteristics and human intentionality. 相似文献
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Using unique innovation survey data collected from a homogenous sample of firms in Pakistan, this paper presents an analysis of the firm level determinants of product innovation and its impact on firm performance. We employ a multi-stage structural model linking the decision of a firm to innovate, its innovation investment, product innovation, and firm performance using primary data from the textile and wearing apparel sector, which is the largest export sector of Pakistan. We find that product innovation leads to increased labor productivity as well as higher labor productivity growth. A 10 percent increase in innovative sales per worker is associated with a greater than 10 percent increase in labor productivity and labor productivity growth. On the determinants of innovation, we find that vertical knowledge flows from foreign clients and suppliers are important determinants of a firm's decision to innovate. Larger firms are more likely to engage in innovation, however, there is no significant evidence that they invest more in innovation. Exporting is positively associated with innovation performance and firms exporting to Europe and America are more likely to engage in innovation. There is mixed evidence on the impact of competition: foreign competition adversely affects a firm’s decision to innovate, whereas, local competition increases investment in innovation. Subsidies seem to have a crowding out effect since firms receiving national subsides invest less in innovation. Furthermore, firms that have higher investment in innovation, that are more productive, and that introduce organizational innovations have higher innovative sales per worker. 相似文献
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中国各地区的金融扭曲如何影响技术创新？本文在重新构造并测算金融扭曲指数的基础上,运用多种固定效应计量分析方法,实证考察金融扭曲对技术创新的影响效应。结果显示：金融扭曲显著抑制了地区技术创新,且该抑制效应在东、中、西部三大区域逐渐增强。进一步研究发现：金融扭曲的技术创新抑制作用在空间分布上具有明显溢出效应。考虑不同模型可能的内生稳健性后,结论依然成立。提升金融资源配置效率、助推技术产业升级和促进区际资源互补与共享,皆是规避金融扭曲抑制作用的有效途径。本文为深化金融体制改革,实施创新驱动发展战略提供了有益参考。 相似文献
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本文运用空间动态系统广义矩的估计技术,基于1998至2008年中国大陆30个省级面板数据,考察了金融发展、金融市场化和知识产权保护对技术创新效率的影响。研究发现,金融发展和知识产权保护积极推动了技术创新效率的改进,而金融市场化则妨碍了技术创新效率的提升。此外,知识产权保护强化了金融发展对技术创新效率改进的积极作用,而弱了金融市场化对技术创新效率改进的消极作用,但作用程度并不大。进一步研究发现,中国技术创新效率除了具有较强的路径依赖性外,而且其空间效应强度会随着区域因素的不同而发生明显变化,其中经济因素是技术创新效率空间聚集的主因。本文为理解市场化改革背景下中国技术创新效率的影响因素提供了一个新的视角,也为理解金融发展、金融市场化和知识产权保护对于内生经济增长的影响机制提供了新的经验证据。 相似文献
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科技创新是推动我国产业结构升级和生产力整体跃升的重要战略引擎,已成为抢占未来科技竞争和经济发展制高点的关键要素。以31个省份为案例,基于组态视角,运用fsQCA方法探究科技创新要素与产业升级的协同效应以及各因素间的联动关系,剖析影响各省份产业升级差异的多重并发因果关系与多元路径。研究发现：高产业升级指数的驱动路径有3条,可划分为成果转化-科技资金主导和环境规制-科技人力主导两种类型,案例多集中于东部沿海地区;非高产业升级指数的驱动路径有6条,组态多样且与高指数路径相比具有非对称性,该路径中科技创新环境与科技人力投入存在替代作用,案例分布均匀且集中于中西部省份。研究结果不仅基于组态思维丰富了科技创新与产业升级领域的学术研究,而且为各省份制定实操性强的科技创新驱动产业升级相关政策提供了有益参考。 相似文献
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企业绿色技术创新是促进经济发展同环境污染尽早“脱钩”的有效措施,也是全面可持续发展目标实现的重要动力。企业不同类型绿色技术创新之间并非完全独立,处于不断升级的过程。本文借助642家工业企业调研数据对政府价格规制与企业绿色技术创新升级的关系展开实证研究,试图回答清楚在企业绿色技术创新动态演进过程中,政府价格型规制的作用节点和效果。实证研究结果表明：企业绿色技术创新升级路径是显著存在的,绿色工艺创新是中介变量,且间接路径所占的比重要大于直接路径。政府价格规制对企业绿色技术创新升级存在正向的调节作用,但是调节的作用节点仅存在于绿色工艺创新向绿色产品升级的过程中,且政府价格规制对绿色工艺创新与绿色产品创新关系的调节作用具有边界性。上述研究对于深入理解如何构建市场导向的绿色技术创新体系具有指导意义,也为提升环境治理能力贡献理论支撑。 相似文献
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厘清行政环境（行政治理、法治水平）对技术创新的作用机制是我国经济高质量发展面临的重大问题。首先,本文系统剖析了行政环境优化、偏向性投资和技术创新间的作用机制,其次,以2005-2016年我国97个地级市数据为样本,结合动态空间计量模型（SEM）进行了实证检验。结果发现：（1）地方政府偏向性投资对技术创新具有显著的负向挤出效应,且该效应在西部地区最强;（2）行政环境优化对技术创新具有直接的正向推动作用,该效应在东部地区最强;（3）十八大后,偏向性投资的挤出效应有所下降,行政环境优化的推动效应有所上升。进一步的机制分析表明,（4）行政环境优化通过提升地方政府“经济政治人”诉求的机会成本,弱化了偏向性投资对技术创新的负向技术效应。中介效应模型检验发现,中介效应可以解释行政环境优化促进技术创新总效应的8.51%。最后,本文认为进一步深化“放管服”改革、推动基层司法部门的省级直管是改善行政环境,进而提升营商环境的重要路径之一。 相似文献