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研究对象:参加2004年昆明春训的18支我国优秀成年女子足球队的400名女足运动员。研究方法:问卷调查法、专家访谈法、数理统计法。结果与分析1.优秀女足运动员运动损伤的主要部位和类型将本次调查后得到的数据同已有文献中的统计数据对比后可发现,女子足球运动员的损伤部位及所占比例与男足有着很大的不同,表现出了女足特有的运动损伤流行病学特征。从损伤的类型来看,女足队员的运动损伤较多表现在踝、膝关节韧带的损伤上。而我国男足的运动损伤类型则多为挫伤和擦伤,这一方面,也显示出了女足运动员的不同特点。另外与男足不同的是:女足很少… 相似文献
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本文旨在对游泳、跳水、水球、花样游泳四个奥运项目有关运动员运动损伤的研究现状进行分析和探讨,以期为四个项目的运动损伤的进一步研究提供理论参考。研究方法:文献资料法。1.四个奥运水上项目运动损伤研究情况研究结论主要有:(1)游泳运动项目损伤常发生在腰、肩、膝、踝等部位,跳水运动员损伤多发生在腰、腿、手腕、眼等部位,膝部、上肢及面部是水球运动员的常见损伤部位,花样游泳运动员损伤常见于肘部和腕部。(2)游泳运动损伤发病率有升高趋势,我国游泳运动员损伤发生率高于国外运动员。(3)运动损伤的发生多与专项技术动作、专项训练年… 相似文献
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运用文献资料法、问卷调查法、数理统计法和专家访谈法,以我国124名优秀游泳运动员为研究对象,以不同泳姿(自由泳、仰泳、蛙泳、蝶泳)为研究视角分析易损伤部位特征,提出合理的损伤预防措施.结果表明:易损伤部位主要是肩颈部、腰背部、膝部.不同泳姿的游泳项目中,易损伤部位存在差异性.自由泳主要易损伤部位是肩颈部,蛙泳主要是膝部,蝶泳主要是肩颈部和腰背部,仰泳运动员踝部损伤人数多于其他泳姿游泳运动员.男女游泳运动员易损伤部位无明显差异. 相似文献
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我国优秀自由式滑雪空中技巧运动员运动损伤的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过文献资料、专家访谈、问卷调查等研究方法对我国优秀空中技巧运动员运动损伤进行深入细致的研究,结果表明:我国优秀空中技巧运动员运动损伤的情况较为严重,运动损伤主要部位有腰部、膝部和踝部;运动损伤病以慢性为主,急性为辅;运动致伤的主要因素是身体素质不够、准备活动不当、技术要领不正确等原因。 相似文献
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目的通过问卷调查和专家访谈等方法对参加十运会沙滩排球比赛的全部96名运动员进行沙滩排球运动损伤的流行病学调查,探讨我国优秀沙滩排球运动员的运动损伤发生规律。结果我国优秀沙滩排球运动员的运动损伤总体发生率为47.7%;急性运动损伤发生率的解剖学分布由肢体近端向远端逐渐增高,慢性损伤则呈相反趋势;我国优秀沙滩排球运动员的足踝部急、慢性损伤以及拦网时的运动损伤发生率显著高于国外优秀运动员。结论根据运动员的身体状态及时调整运动负荷,创新训练方法,提高准备活动质量,完善技术动作可在一定程度上预防运动员的运动损伤。 相似文献
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我国优秀体操和女子手球运动员某些运动损伤特征及其心理应激研究 总被引：8，自引：1，他引：7
通过对30名国家级体操现役运动员和30名国家女子手球集训运动员的研究,得出如下结果1、优秀体操运动员主要损伤部位是肘关节、踝关节,而以肘关节损伤程度为最严重.女子手球运动员发生运动损伤的主要部位是膝关节、踝关节,以膝关节损伤程度为最严重.2、优秀体操与女子手球运动员在发生运动损伤时的状态焦虑水平较高,分别达到49.37±6.94和49.00±6.61.3、优秀女子体操运动员运动损伤的主要应激源为教练的批评、对手领先表现出色时.优秀男子体操运动员运动损伤的主要应激源为身体或心理失误时、教练的枇评、经受剧烈的疼痛或损伤后.优秀女子手球运动员运动损伤的主要应激源为裁判不公、气候不适场地器材糟糕致使身心失误等.4、优秀体操选手的主要临场应对方式为归因于外界不可控因素,将注意力集中于动作上或转移注意力,优秀手球运动员临场主要应对方式为强化比赛信心、迅速忘记不快经历和经历应激后采取更小心谨慎的方式. 相似文献
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散打运动训练中常常会发生各种运动损伤,这些损伤不仅严重影响了我国优秀散打运动员运动成绩的获得和提高,还使许多优秀散打运动员由于损伤不得不早早退出了散打竞技舞台,造成了严重的人才流失,窒碍了我国散打运动的健康发展。本研究通过文献资料、问卷调查等研究方法分析引起运动损伤的心理致因,并提出了有针对性的心理恢复手段与方法,旨在为散打运动员在训练、比赛中最大限度地减少运动损伤的发生提供参考。 相似文献
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采取问卷调查法、直接访问法和统计法对我国38名优秀水球运动员运动损伤情况进行调查,从运动训练学角度对水球运动员损伤部位、损伤原因、损伤时间和训练保护措施等方面进行了分析与讨论,并提出了有效的预防措施及相关建议。 相似文献
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First-rib stress fractures have been described in adolescent athletes in various sports, with only one prior case report of first-rib stress fractures in an adolescent female swimmer. There is a need for research on the cause, management, and prevention of these injuries as they lead to significant morbidity and critical time away from sport for these aspiring athletes. We aimed to describe first-rib stress fractures as a potential cause for non-specific atraumatic chronic shoulder pain in adolescent swimmers and to discuss the different presentations, unique risk factors, treatment, and potential injury prevention strategies of such fractures. We discussed two such cases which were successfully treated with activity modification with restriction of all overhead activity, gradually progressive physical therapy and a return to swimming protocol. First-rib stress fractures can vary in presentation and should be in the differential diagnosis in adolescent swimmers with chronic shoulder pain. These injuries can be successfully managed with rest from overhead activities and physical therapy. Gradual return to competitive swimming can be achieved even with non-union of a first-rib stress fracture. Emphasis on balanced strength training in different muscle groups and proper swimming technique is essential to prevent these injuries. 相似文献
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通过对2000年悉尼奥运会，2003年巴塞罗那世界游泳锦标赛以及2005年南京十运会三次游泳比赛的分段成绩、参赛女子运动员的年龄的分析、各主要技术参数（包括出发、转身、途中、划频、划幅、游速等）的比较，分析当今中外优秀女子400m、800m自由泳选手的技战术特点，了解我国选手与世界优秀选手的差距，明确赶超的目标，寻找突破的方向，为我国今后在女子长距离自由泳项目上的发展提供技术参数和参考建议。 相似文献
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《European Journal of Sport Science》2013,13(3):274-282
Abstract Injuries are common among athletes, and are sometimes so severe that they affect an athlete's career in sport. As studies on sport career termination are few, we conducted a study to investigate the role of injuries as a reason for ending a sport career. The study group consisted of 574 male and female top-level cross-country skiers, swimmers, long-distance runners and soccer players who responded to a retrospective postal questionnaire in 2006. Twenty-seven athletes (4.9%, 27/548) reported ending their sport career because of injury. A follow-up interview was conducted by telephone in 2007 (n=20 volunteered to be interviewed) to confirm sport career termination and the reasons for this. Fifteen of the interviewed athletes terminated and five continued their sport on the same level as earlier. Female athletes (12/15) terminated their sport career more frequently than male athletes (3/15). Athletes who reported terminating their sport career because of injury were on average two and a half years older (24.1 years vs. 21.6 years, P=0.006) than athletes who continued the sport. All the swimmers (n=5) who were interviewed terminated their career because of a shoulder injury. All the soccer players who ended their career (n=4) were female and had a severe knee injury, such as anterior cruciate ligament injury. Most of the athletes who terminated their sport career (70.4%, 19/27) reported that the injury caused them mild or moderate permanent disability. We found that sports injuries play a significant role in terminating a career in sport, and in some sports events injuries may commonly be the main reason for sport career termination. Injury prevention and adequate treatment and rehabilitation of injuries are thus essential to avoid the long-term consequences of severe sport injuries. 相似文献
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Alan M. Nevill Yassine Negra Tony D. Myers Senda Sammoud Helmi Chaabene 《Journal of sports sciences》2020,38(7):787-794
ABSTRACTThis study identified key somatic and demographic characteristics that benefit all swimmers and, at the same time, identified further characteristics that benefit only specific swimming strokes. Three hundred sixty-three competitive-level swimmers (male [n = 202]; female [n = 161]) participated in the study. We adopted a multiplicative, allometric regression model to identify the key characteristics associated with 100 m swimming speeds (controlling for age). The model was refined using backward elimination. Characteristics that benefited some but not all strokes were identified by introducing stroke-by-predictor variable interactions. The regression analysis revealed 7 “common” characteristics that benefited all swimmers suggesting that all swimmers benefit from having less body fat, broad shoulders and hips, a greater arm span (but shorter lower arms) and greater forearm girths with smaller relaxed arm girths. The 4 stroke-specific characteristics reveal that backstroke swimmers benefit from longer backs, a finding that can be likened to boats with longer hulls also travel faster through the water. Other stroke-by-predictor variable interactions (taken together) identified that butterfly swimmers are characterized by greater muscularity in the lower legs. These results highlight the importance of considering somatic and demographic characteristics of young swimmers for talent identification purposes (i.e., to ensure that swimmers realize their most appropriate strokes). 相似文献
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文章主要运用运动训练学、运动生理学、运动创伤学、运动心理学等多学科理论,结合网球运动的特点,对我国优秀男子网球运动员运动损伤的现状进行调查研究,着重分析运动损伤发生的原因、规律以及预后效果等,以为实现我国男子网球运动训练的科学化,提高我国男子网球运动员的运动水平,延长运动寿命,提供相应的科学指导。 相似文献
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Gary Osmond 《Sport in History》2019,39(1):24-44
The Cavill family of swimmers has been recognised as the ‘first family of Australian swimming’ because of their reputation and achievements as competitive swimmers and for their contributions to swimming promotion, stroke development and instruction in the late nineteenth- and early twentieth-centuries. As a family of British migrants based in Sydney, their memory focuses on Anglo-Australian connections. This emphasis overlooks the American dimension of the Cavill legacy – several family members lived, and died, in the USA and made important contributions to swimming in that country, where they were also celebrated as preeminent figures. This article adopts a transnational perspective, particularly borderlands history approaches, to examine this American connection, viewing the, trans-Pacific crossing from Sydney to San Francisco as an under-appreciated sport border zone. The focus is on contributions made to swimming coaching and teaching, with a biographical spotlight on Percy and Sid Cavill, siblings who contributed in these areas over two decades on both sides of the country. By repositioning Australia and the USA in the Cavill swimming narrative, this article contributes to decentring the nation in this realm of sport history. 相似文献
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Stein Gerrit Paul Menting Marije Titia Elferink-Gemser Barbara Catharina Huijgen 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(20):2287-2299
ABSTRACTAthletes’ energy distribution over a race (e.g. pacing behaviour) varies across different sports. Swimming is a head-to-head sport with unique characteristics, such as propulsion through water, a multitude of swimming stroke types and lane-based racing. The aim of this paper was to review the existing literature on pacing behaviour in swimming. According to PRISMA guidelines, 279 articles were extracted using the PubMed and Web of Science databases. After the exclusion process was conducted, 16 studies remained. The findings of these studies indicate that pacing behaviour is influenced by the race distance and stroke type. Pacing behaviours in swimming and time-trial sports share numerous common characteristics. This commonality can most likely be attributed to the lane-based racing set-up. The low efficiency of swimming resulting from propulsion through the water induces a rapid accumulation of blood lactate, prompting a change in swimmers’ biomechanical characteristics, with the goal of minimising changes in velocity throughout the race. Although the literature on youth swimmers is scarce, youth swimmers demonstrate more variable pacing profiles and have more difficulty in selecting the most beneficial energy distribution. 相似文献
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探讨手足相关派生指数与运动等级的相关度，为游泳运动员选材形态指标的精选提供理论依据。方法：对334名上海区级游泳学校、上海高校、上海市队、浙江省队游泳运动员手足表型进行测量统计并计算相应派生指数，对不同等级运动员手足面积表型与运动等级进行相关性分析。结果：男子游泳运动员手足面积表型与运动等级均无直线相关关系（相关系数小于0.3），女子足部派生指标与运动等级亦均无直线相关关系，仅手部面积Ⅰ表型与运动等级存在极显著性低度直线相关（P＜0.01）。结论：手面积Ⅰ表型可入选女子游泳运动员二类选材指标。女子游泳运动员足面积表型和男子游泳员手足面积表型均不具备选材评价指标依据。 相似文献