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Current federal government policy initiatives in Aboriginal education and social welfare reform are based on assumptions about the relationship between increased attendance and increased student performance on standardized tests. There are empirical assumptions underlying these policy interventions and their accompanying public debates. Our aim here is to empirically explore the relationships between patterns of student attendance and patterns of student achievement in schools with significant cohorts of Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander students at the school level. Based on an analysis of the publicly available data reported on the ‘MySchool’ website, we find that reforms and policies around attendance have not and are unlikely to generate patterns of improved achievement. Questions about the rationale and rhetoric of government policy focused at the school level as opposed to the need to focus on pedagogy and curriculum are discussed. 相似文献
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Antoni Verger Clara Fontdevila Lluís Parcerisa 《Discourse: Studies in the Cultural Politics of Education》2019,40(2):248-270
ABSTRACTIn the last decades, most countries have adopted data-intensive policy instruments aimed at modernizing the governance of education systems, and strengthening their competitiveness. Instruments such as national large-scale assessments and test-based accountabilities have disseminated widely, to the point that they are being enacted in countries with very different administrative traditions and levels of economic development. Nonetheless, comparative research on the trajectories that governance instruments follow in different institutional and socio-economic contexts is still scarce. On the basis of a systematic literature review (n?=?158), this paper enquires into the scope and modalities of educational governance change that national large-scale assessments and test-based accountability instruments have triggered in a broad range of institutional settings. The paper shows that, internationally, educational governance reforms advance through path-dependent and contingent processes of policy instrumentation that are markedly conditioned by prevailing politico-administrative regimes. The paper also reflects on the additive and evolving nature of educational governance reforms. 相似文献
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Michael Shattock 《Higher Education Quarterly》2008,62(3):181-203
This article argues that in moving from being self governed to being state governed the policy drivers for higher education are no longer those of the system itself but are derived from a set of policies designed for the reform and modernisation of the public sector of the economy. The formation of higher education policy therefore needs to be reinterpreted as an adjunct of public policy, rather than as something intrinsic to higher education. The impact of 'new public management' approaches and of political interventions are explored in illustrating the consequences of the centralisation of the management of the public services and of higher education becoming an issue in national politics. 相似文献
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Mónica E. Pini Jorge M. Gorostiaga 《International Review of Education/Internationale Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft/Revue internationale l'éducation》2008,37(1):427-443
The purpose of this study is to explore teacher education policies in different countries of Latin America and North America
through the comparison of policy documents. The training of teachers, a key component of education, faces educational challenges
as a result of various reform policies in different countries. Critical discourse analysis offers the possibility of illuminating
certain aspects of educational policies in specific historic moments. A comparative perspective allows researchers to explore
similarities and differences between political statements from a number of governments and agencies, in order to characterize
general elements and particularities of teacher education policies in the context of late capitalism. The corpus of this study
consists of a selection of recent educational policy documents at national and international levels. This study continues
a line of previous studies which apply critical discourse analysis to the research of educational policies. 相似文献
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Although higher education systems are in a constant state of change, they are difficult for governments to reform. This paper analyzes a wide variety of country experiences in establishing mechanisms to co-ordinate the development of higher education systems, diversifying institutional financing and increasing the efficiency of public investments. Attention is drawn to the need for effective policy structures to manage higher education, to link costs of reforms to benefits such as increased opportunity, to take account of the institutional constraints to change as well as to carefully articulate educational reforms with other public policies that influence the performance of the higher education systems. 相似文献
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李葆萍 《现代远程教育研究》2010,(3):20-25
远程高等教育质量保证政策建设,是我国高等教育质量政策体系的重要组成部分。我国远程高等教育质量政策体系现状与英美等发达国家比较,存在以下问题：指向远程高等教育质量内涵的政策文本缺失,保证多元主体利益实现的政策层次单一,制定政策的前瞻性、全面性和合法性的工作有待加强。借鉴国外政策建设经验,可以将我国远程高等教育质量政策体系框架划分为核心政策、支撑政策和环境政策,重点构建核心政策中的人才标准政策、课程管理政策、组织机构政策、质量控制政策和学习与公共服务政策的结构。 相似文献
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《Higher Education Policy》1998,11(1):3-13
The article details a comparative study of higher education policies in the U.S.A. and The Netherlands. The policies are similar in their attempt to centralize the governance of public higher education in state and national systems in an attempt to promote and maintain diversity. The authors examine the policies in the context of previous research on higher education and provide data that shed light on the growth of degree programmes within public universities. Findings show that public higher education systems in several U.S.A. states and The Netherlands have not grown less diverse over time. Other findings provide mixed support for the argument that centralization is an effective means of limiting homogeneous growth in public systems of higher education. 相似文献
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The Fourth Way of Finland 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Pasi Sahlberg 《Journal of Educational Change》2011,12(2):173-185
Globalization has increased mobility of people, resources, and ideas. It is also affecting how governments think about education
and what schools teach to their students. Attributes related to education for a knowledge society, sustainable development,
or 21st century skills are parts of current national educational policies and reforms. A powerful pretext for global educational
reform thinking is current international student assessments. As a consequence, particular educational reform orthodoxy has
emerged that relies on a set of basic assumptions in order to improve the quality of education and fix other educational deficiencies.
This article describes the beginning of the present global educational reform movement discussing some of its key characteristics
and implications in practice. Although overlooked by many policy analysts, Finland represents a striking and highly successful
alternative to this global educational reform movement. The scholarly work of Andy Hargreaves is seen as essential in understanding
the requirements and resources that are needed in securing good public education for all in the future. 相似文献
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《International Journal of Educational Development》2000,20(2):93-107
Recent education reform in many countries has sought to dismantle centralized educational bureaucracies to create systems that emphasize parental choice and competition between schools, thereby creating quasi-markets in educational services. In addition to this widespread marketization of public education systems, publicly financed and provided education services have been privatized. In this paper, marketization and privatization policies are compared, and initial research evidence on the impact of marketization and privatization in England, the USA, Australia and New Zealand is examined in the light of the claims about diversity of provision, efficiency, effectiveness and equity. Also considered in the significance of attempts currently underway in the UK and elsewhere to temper the emphasis on consumer rights within policies of marketization and privatization with a renewed concern for the citizen rights traditionally associated with social-democratic approaches to education policy. 相似文献
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Academic quality,league tables,and public policy: A cross-national analysis of university ranking systems 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
The global expansion of access to higher education has increased demand for information on academic quality and has led to the development of university ranking systems or league tables in many countries of the world. A recent UNESCO/CEPES conference on higher education indicators concluded that cross-national research on these ranking systems could make an important contribution to improving the international market for higher education. The comparison and analysis of national university ranking systems can help address a number of important policy questions. First, is there an emerging international consensus on the measurement of academic quality as reflected in these ranking systems? Second, what impact are the different ranking systems having on university and academic behavior in their respective countries? Finally, are there important public interests that are thus far not reflected in these rankings? If so, is there a needed and appropriate role for public policy in the development and distribution of university ranking systems and what might that role be? This paper explores these questions through a comparative analysis of university rankings in Australia, Canada, the UK, and the US. 相似文献
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Children with disabilities are one of the many groups of children still not enrolled in primary education in developing countries. However, their educational exclusion and right to education are now receiving more policy attention. This paper reviews some of the key issues and challenges in relation to disability, education and development: definitions and data, policies, service delivery and finance, and capacity development. Drawing on a review of education sector planning and provision in 28 developing countries and other literature, the paper makes comparative reference to policy and practice in a number of developed and developing country contexts. 相似文献
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Dante J. Salto 《Higher Education》2018,75(5):809-825
Brazil has by far the largest higher education system in Latin America, with a sizable share of students enrolled in private-sector institutions. Its recently established and fast-growing for-profit sector is one of the largest worldwide. The for-profit sector already surpasses the public sector in student enrollment, and its role is growing. Public policy has supported for-profit growth, ostensibly for tax revenue reasons, but the federal government has recently launched social initiatives that include tax exemption policies for the for-profit sector in exchange for need-based scholarships. Through exploratory data analysis, this study explores the role, function, and form of the for-profit sector compared with its nonprofit and public counterparts. The findings reveal that the for-profit sector shares some important characteristics with the nonprofit sector but contrasts sharply with the public sector. The study concludes that countries such as Brazil are moving toward public funding for private higher education to meet enrollment targets. These findings may be able to address issues in other countries by considering similar public policies toward private higher education. 相似文献
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大多数学者认为异地高考政策更加有利于家庭条件较好的随迁子女,少数学者则认为该政策能有效保障农村随迁子女的教育权益,但已有文献仍缺乏关于异地高考政策对两类流动人口高等教育机会影响差异的比较研究。基于2017年中国流动人口动态监测调查数据,本文探讨了异地高考政策对城乡随迁子女高等教育机会的影响,并探究了该政策的调节作用。研究发现,异地高考政策对农村随迁子女高等教育机会的促进作用显著高于城镇随迁子女,且这种效应仅在高政策门槛地区存在,低门槛地区不存在。从政策的调节作用来看,异地高考政策有助于提高农村流动人口子女随迁的意愿,且对农村随迁子女高等教育机会的促进作用要显著高于农村留守子女。同时,异地高考政策可显著降低农村随迁子女家庭社会经济地位对其子女高等教育机会的影响。为此,各地方政府应坚持并完善异地高考政策,充分发挥该政策促进高等教育公平的杠杆作用;流入地政府要进一步提高本地高中教育服务能力;中央政府要进一步推进、完善高考录取制度改革。 相似文献
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Post-Modernizing Education on the Periphery and in the Core 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Kempner Ken 《International Review of Education/Internationale Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft/Revue internationale l'éducation》1998,44(5-6):441-460
The political economics of educational change are central to understanding reform in developing countries because of the role that education plays in relationship to economic and social policies. Given the uncertain association between the expansion of education and economic development, this paper explores the role which modernization policies of the State play in promoting contemporary conflicts between private and public interests in education. By first introducing Best's concept of the "New Competition" this paper examines the economic consequences for education in the larger context of the global market. Through case examples of Mexico and the US state of Oregon the effects of modernization policies are examined to understand how modernization policies are inappropriate to meet the social, political, and economic needs of both the periphery and core countries. The paper concludes by addressing the potential consequences for the public good of modernization efforts that promote the privatization of education on the basis of human capital theory rather than on that of a more comprehensive and humanistic approach to the development of social capital. 相似文献
16.
吸引、发展和维系有效教师是当今世界各国教师教育改革政策的主题。加拿大具有推动教师专业发展的优良传统。20世纪90年代以来,加拿大教师教育政策发生了深刻的变革,其中一个重要目的是培养高效能教师,推动教师专业发展。本文以安大略省为例,阐述其教师专业发展政策,包括教师专业的伦理标准、教师专业的实践标准、新任教师的入门指导计划、教师绩效评价体系、教师专业学习与领导项目,并分析安大略省教师专业发展政策的价值取向。 相似文献
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中国大众化高等教育财政政策及其改革问题探讨 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
社会主义市场经济体制建立以来，中国的社会经济发展进入了快车道，GDP持续稳定增长。社会经济发展对高层次人才的需求推动着高等教育由精英教育向大众化教育发展，高等教育财政状况、财政政策和管理体制也随之发生了显变化。高等教育财政改革为高等教育发展提供了重要的财力支持和政策保障，但也存在一些亟待解决的问题。本从公共财政角度，分析评价中国当前高等教育财政政策、经费筹措情况及存在的主要问题，并提出公共财政框架下促进大众化高等教育发展的一些财政政策建议。 相似文献
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20世纪80年代以来,高等教育需求的快速增长与政府财政能力的有限之间的矛盾越来越尖锐,并且社会各界对公共教育体制的低效和质量也提出越来越多的质疑。因此,不少国家和地区教育提出并实施教育私营化的改革措施,以期通过引入市场竞争,提高政府公共资源的利用效率,增加社会各界对高等教育的投入,并改善整个高等教育体系的质量。教育私营化改革中,政府与学校关系的改变是不少研究者和决策者关注的重点。本文根据Levin(1991,2001,2002)提出的包括财政、规范、辅助措施在内的三个政策分析工具,评析中国大陆公立高等教育私营化改革过程中公立高校与政府之间关系的调整。 相似文献
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Jian Liu 《Higher Education》2012,64(5):647-660
This study extends the theoretical perspectives in policy studies on the issue of educational equality by analyzing the influence of cultural values on policies and policy processes. The present paper first teases out the key cultural values regarding education and equality, and then explores how these values shape the institution and policy making in the Chinese context. The policies of expansion, reform in governance and finance, differentiation of provision, and their consequences on equality in Chinese higher education are examined through the lens of culture. The context of close family bonds and strong commitment to education in the Chinese society has bolstered the policies of cost-sharing, privatization and concentrating resources in selected universities. Confucian bureaucracy and hierarchy shaped the strong state and top-down policy process; collectivism and elitism coupled with utilitarianism legitimized the paramount goal of development and strengthened the hierarchy of the higher education system; meritocratic tradition mediated the public demands and state’s policies on provision, and buffered the debates about inequality. The idea of minben (people are essence of a nation) in Chinese tradition served as a counter force to balance the pursuit of development and equality. 相似文献
20.
The centrality of education in the pursuit of better economic and social prosperity is now well established. The dominance of human capital theory, which provides a strong argument for better education as a key factor in fuelling economic growth, has encouraged policy makers, in various countries, to focus on education reform as a key priority and to borrow policy solutions from other countries. This special edition explores one policy solution in depth. It investigates the preparation and training of school leaders in very different countries and takes a comparative perspective. This article argues that the limitations of standardized strategies are clearly visible when taking a comparative view and, most importantly, that context matters significantly in shaping, defining and explaining differential educational performance. 相似文献