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陈幼贞 《涪陵师范学院学报》2010,26(1)
从认知神经科学研究、神经心理学研究以及年老相关差异研究三个方面对前瞻记忆的生理机制研究进行综述。大部分研究表明,前瞻记忆的生理基础和前额叶以及丘脑、颞叶的功能有关。文章还对今后研究方向做了展望。 相似文献
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林楠 《辽宁师范大学学报(社会科学版)》2012,35(4):480-484
焦虑是人面临自由选择时存在的心理体验。焦虑症患者或高特质焦虑者在加工信息过程中,对所加工的刺激不是同等程度地分配注意,而是根据刺激的特点进行不同程度的加工,对与威胁相关的刺激产生注意偏向,也就是优先加工威胁性刺激,对威胁性刺激加工效率高。以往对焦虑者注意偏向的研究采用的主要研究范式有:点探测范式和线索-靶子范式。研究的主要被试有:焦虑病人、社交恐惧障碍者和焦虑状态的正常人。选择的实验材料主要是:携带威胁信息的词汇和图片,其中图片主要是带有不同情绪的面孔图片,并以生气的、愤怒的为主。未来的研究应该关注焦虑者注意偏向的形成机制及生理机制。 相似文献
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前瞻记忆是指对意向或计划的记忆。研究采用双任务范式,以n-back任务为进行中任务,考察不同认知负荷水平下时间管理倾向对前瞻记忆的影响。结果发现：在中、高认知负荷条件下,积极时间管理倾向者在前瞻记忆中的表现好于消极时间管理倾向者,说明随着认知负荷的增加,需要有效时间管理策略的调控;前瞻记忆在背景任务为1-back、2-back中的加工需要认知资源参与,但在3-back中对认知资源需求不敏感,说明前瞻记忆采用何种加工方式,取决于特定因素,如背景任务的难度等。 相似文献
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郑田 《浙江教育学院学报》2008,(5):43-48
随着记忆研究向深度和广度发展,前瞻记忆又成为心理学的热点。前瞻记忆是相对于回溯记忆提出的一种特殊的长时记忆,是指记住在将来某个恰当的时间执行先前意向的行为。前瞻记忆的内涵、分类、影响因素,以及前瞻记忆的加工机制和前瞻的老化问题是目前前瞻记忆研究的重点,而前瞻记忆受哪些因素影响以及如何影响是前瞻记忆研究未来的发展方向。 相似文献
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目前前瞻记忆已成为记忆研究的一个热点,对于前瞻记忆的影响因素的研究等也深入到众多方面,并且随着PET、ERP、fMRI等技术的运用,人们开始对前瞻记忆的脑机制进行了初步的研究,并确定了某些与前瞻记忆有关的脑区,且对前瞻记忆某些理论模型进行了验征性的研究。这对于前瞻记忆的研究无论是在理论上还是实际的应用上都具有重要的意义。 相似文献
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语音与记忆的关系是认知学、心理学和心理语言学研究者共同关注的一个重要课题.研究者主要从语音对于词汇习得的作用、语音与语法的关系、语音与语义的关系、语音与言语加工的关系,语音与失读症及基因之间的关系等,研究语音在记忆中的作用.本文对近五年来国外在这方面的实证研究进行了总结,阐述了这一期间的研究特点. 相似文献
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《洛阳师范学院学报》2016,(11):75-78
研究采用2*2被试间设计,使用双任务研究范式探究执行意向操作对基于事件前瞻记忆的影响.实验研究结果发现,执行意向组大学生基于事件前瞻记忆反应时显著低于非执行意向组,但两组被试正确率差异不显著;基于事件前瞻记忆任务反应时和正确率在男女性别上差异不显著. 相似文献
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杜智娟 《湖南科技学院学报》2010,31(11)
前瞻记忆是指对将来预定行为或事件的记忆,该文对近些年来关于前瞻记忆研究的一些新问题,主要包括TAP效应、前瞻记忆的影响因素、儿童前瞻记忆、与回溯记忆的相关研究等做出了简要的说明和评述,最后指出了当前研究中存在的一些问题,并对未来的研究进行了展望. 相似文献
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绩效技术作为教育技术的拓展,极大的拓宽了教育技术的实践领域。文章论述了绩效技术中的项目管理和项目管理的生命周期,并对权威的绩效技术项目的过程模型进行了修正和重构。在论述了项目的三重约束理论后,文章尝试着创造性的提出了绩效技术的项目管理的整合模型。 相似文献
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《ASHE Higher Education Report》2002,29(1):1-171
Introduction Objectives and Approach Framework Organization of the Report Phase One: System-Level Assessment Goals of System-Level Assessment How Systems Establish a Structure for Such Assessment How Systems Identify Misalignments How Systems Allocate Resources Need for Standardized Data and Course Offerings Beyond Assessment: Promoting Workforce Improvement Multiple Benefits Phase Two: Assessing How Well Providers Meet Customers' Needs Model One: Intermediary Assesses or Guides Provider's Process of Assessment Model Two: Intermediary Conducts the Assessment Model Three: Provider Conducts the Assessment Model Four: Student Competencies Are Assessed Strengths and Weaknesses of the Four Approaches Choosing the Right Model for Phase Two Purposes of Assessment Level of Authority Level of Resources Centralization of Operations System Heterogeneity Provider Complexity Within a System Summary Three Steps for Assessing Providers Step One: Identify Goals Step Two: Select Measures Step Three: Evaluate Performance Using Measures Measurement Validity and Reliability Bringing It All Together: Integrating All Three Steps Relevance of the Three Assessment Steps to Assessors Conclusions and Recommendations Phase One Recommendations Phase Two Recommendations Appendices A: Corporate Professional Development and Training B: Process Auditors—Academic Audit C: State Higher Education Boards D: Balanced Scorecard E: Certifiers of Student Competencies F: On-line Sources Notes References 相似文献
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张晓芬 《湖北广播电视大学学报》2010,30(2):33-34
广义知识教学过程模型视教学过程为＂三阶段六步骤＂,缺少任何一步,学习或者不能发生,或者发生了但不能持久保持。本文作者在高职英语课堂教学上引入该模型,旨在探索广义知识教学过程模型能否指导高职英语教学。研究结果表明：广义知识教学过程模型能促进高职英语的教学成效。 相似文献
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WANG Fang CHENG Shui-yuan LI Ming-jun FAN Qing CHEN Dong-sheng WANG Hai-yan ZHANG Wei 《重庆大学学报(英文版)》2010,9(3):117-123
We developed and tested an improved neural network to predict the average concentration of PM10 （particulate matter with diameter smaller than 10 μm） several hours in advance in summer in Beijing. A genetic algorithm optimization procedure for optimizing initial weights and thresholds of the neural network was also evaluated. This research was based upon the PM10 data from seven monitoring sites in Beijing urban region and meteorological observation data, which were recorded every 3 h during summer of 2002. Two neural network models were developed. Model I was built for predicting PM10 concentrations 3 h in advance while Model II for one day in advance. The predictions of both models were found to be consistent with observations. Percent errors in forecasting the numerical value were about 20%. This brings us to the conclusion that short-term fluctuations of PM10 concentrations in Beijing urban region in summer are to a large extent driven by meteorological conditions. Moreover, the predicted results of Model II were compared with the ones provided by the Models-3 Community Multiscale Air Quality （CMAQ） modeling system. The mean relative errors of both models were 0.21 and 0.26, respectively. The performance of the neural network model was similar to numerical models, when applied to short-time prediction of PM10 concentration. 相似文献
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Understanding the Process of Stereotype Threat: A Review of Mediational Variables and New Performance Goal Directions 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
Jessi L. Smith 《Educational Psychology Review》2004,16(3):177-206
Stereotype threat is a situational experience in which an individual feels vulnerable and pressured by the possibility of confirming or being judged by a stereotype. This threatening experience leads to performance decrements, even among highly skilled individuals. This article chronicles empirically tested mechanisms for how stereotype threat negatively impacts performance outcomes. A review of relevant published investigations illustrate that a number of intuitive mediators have been suggested and tested, often with discouraging results. Thus, one objective of this article is to provide researchers with a comprehensive and straightforward account of such tested mechanisms to assist with future works. Indeed, there is much room for research in this area considering that to date, as measured, no individual mediator has completely explained the stereotype threat–poor performance relationship. As such, the second objective of this article is to propose a multiple mediator approach drawing from achievement goal theory. The Stereotyped Task Engagement Process Model is presented. This model hypothesizes that performance goal adoption can offer insights into the potential multiple processes involved in stereotype-threat effects on performance. 相似文献
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《Assessment Update》2014,26(2):1-16
Effective Leadership Assessment: A 360‐Degree Process Call for Contributions Editor's Notes: Accentuating the Positive in Our Work The Broadcast Education Association's Model Rubrics Project: Building Consensus One Rubric at a Time Building a Better Course‐Evaluation Process Assessing Deep Learning: Using a Portfolio to Evaluate Gains in Critical Inquiry among First‐Year Students The Role of an Institution‐Level Assessment Committee in Faculty Professional Development Initiatives First‐Year Composition and Fall‐to‐Fall Retention 相似文献
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Nigel Gearing 《Journal of Language, Identity & Education》2018,17(5):292-305
Native English speaking language teachers who live and work in various parts of the world often express a desire to learn the language of their host country. Without sustained levels of motivation, however, their desires are unlikely to be realized. This article reports the findings of a longitudinal case study of an American English language instructor working at a South Korean university. It examines the factors that impacted her motivation to learn Korean, and explores the ebbs and flows that characterized her motivation over a one-year period. Findings revealed that while the participant did express a desire to learn Korean and formulated learning goals, the action necessary to achieve these goals did not occur. This article draws on the L2 Motivational Self System and the Process Model of L2 Motivation to provide a dual theoretical perspective on the findings. 相似文献
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中小学教育技术扩散动力机制研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
教育技术扩散动力机制反映了教育技术应用促进力量的主要特征。探求并分析教育技术扩散的内、外部动力有助于抓住教育技术应用推广中的关键要素。文章通过对中小学教育技术扩散主体特征的分析,提出了教育技术扩散动力模型,以此对我国中小学教育技术应用推广现状的主要特征进行了分析,最后对提升教育内部动力的思路进行的思考。 相似文献
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《Assessing Writing》2006,11(3):148-166
This study was conducted to gather evidence regarding effects of the mode of writing (handwritten vs. word-processed) on compositional quality in a sample of sixth grade students. Questionnaire data and essay scores were gathered to examine the effect of composition mode on essay scores of students of differing computer skill levels. The study was replicated across two writing prompts; essays were assessed on six elements of writing on which a Writing Process Model theoretical framework predicted differences across modes. Statistically significant effects for mode and computer skills were found for some essay elements, although no statistically significant effects were found for others. These results were inconsistent across writing prompts. With the surge in high-stakes testing in American schools and with increasingly more importance being placed on writing skills in many areas, it is critical that test developers ensure that the composition mode of these tests is not putting certain students at a disadvantage. Accordingly, this article concludes with implications for writing instruction and assessment. 相似文献