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1.
魏江春 《中国科学院研究生院学报》1966,11(1):1-10
In the present paper a new species of Lasallia Merat is described and placed under
a new subgenus Pleiogyra, characterized by having econcentrical multi-gyrate apothecia. In
consequence of this finding, the conception of plane disc in the genus Lasallia of Umbili-
cariaceae becomes untenable.
As a result of careful examination of rich materials, the writer considers the dif-
ference in disc found by Scholander among all species of the family is of certain signifi-
cance for classification. Unfortunately, Scholander’s classification is based solely on this
rather variable morphological character. If his view be adopted the new species will have
to be inserted into the genus Gyrophora Ach. emend. Schol. If accepting Llano’s division
of Umbilicariaceae into five genera, namely Lasallia, Agyrophora, Omphalodiscus, Umbili-
caria and Actinogyra, the new species will have to be considered a new genus of the
family.
The present writer considers both Scholander’s and Llano’s systems as being artificial,
because the former author emphasizes too much the unstable morphological appearance of
disc and the later simply divides the family into five genera simultaneously on the basis
of the stable and unstable characters of the various groups. In contrast with Scholander’s
and Llano’s systems Frey’s classification neglects wholly the difference in the characters of
disc. Such treatment is likewise unsound. The present writer supports the view held by
Flotow, Koerber, Elenkin and Savicz (1950). Nevertheless, he does not agree with Savicz
in erecting the subgenus Gyrophoropsis (Elenk. et Savicz) Savicz, because muriform spores
are present not only in the group having gyrate discs, but also in the groups having plane
and omphalic discs of the Genus Umbilicaria Hoffm. emend. Vej. The recognition of this
subgenus must therefore deny the basis on which the other four subgenera are established.
The system of Umbilicariaceae held by the writer is as follows:
I. Genus Lasallia Merat emend. Vej ...... Thallus pustulate; disc plane to econcentrical multi-gyrate; spores
1(2) per ascus, quite large, muriform.
1. Subgenus Lasallia...Disc plane.
2. Subgenus Pleiogyra Vej ...... Disc econcentrical multigyrate.
II. Genus Umbilicaria Hoffm. emend. Vej (syn. Gyrophora Ach. emend. Savicz)* ...Thallus non-pustulate;
disc plane and smooth or plane with central sterile column (or fissure) or with gyri; spores 8 per ascus,
simple, hyaline or becoming brown muriform, small.
1. Subgenns Agyrophora (Nyl.) Savicz ...... Disc plane.
(1) Section Agyrophora (syn. sect. Anthracinae emend. Llano). ..... Spores simple and hyaline.
(2) Section Dichroae Llano ...... Spores becoming brown muriform.
2. Subgenus Omphalodiscus (Schol.) Savicz ...... Disc with central sterile column or fissure.
(1) Section Omphalodiscus (syn. sect. Decussatae Schol.) ...... Spores simple and hyaline.
(2) Section Spodochroae Schol. ..... Spores becoming muriform.
3. Subgenus Umbilicaria...Disc with concentrical gyri; spores simple and hyaline or becoming muriform.
(1) Section Umbilicaria (syn. sect. Simplices Llano) ...... Spores simple and hyaline.
(2) Section Gyrophoropsis (Elenk. et Savicz) A. Zahlbr. (syn. sect. Muriformes Llano) ...... Spores
becoming muriform.4. Subgenus Actinogyra (Schol.) Savicz ...... Disc with radial gyri, proper margin absent. 相似文献
2.
郎楷永 《中国科学院研究生院学报》1998,36(5):449-458
笔者曾在1994年发表的“兰科植物区系中一些有意义属的地理分布格局的研究”一文中介绍了
此新亚属——显柱舌唇兰亚属的分布格局及其与舌唇兰亚属的区别。现将它正式发表。此新亚属含12种,其中1种为新组合种。 相似文献
3.
本文以秦岭地区所产的金丝属 (Lethariella)，桔色亚属 (Subgen． Chlorea)
地衣为材料，通过形态分类和化学检定两方面的初步研究，对本亚属种群划分的问题进行了讨论。 相似文献
4.
梁松筠 《中国科学院研究生院学报》1990,28(2):153-158
In addition, two new sections, Echinochlomorphae Y. L. Chang and
Thomsonianae Y. L. Chang, two new combinations, C. duriuscula subsp. rigescens
(Franch.) S. Y. Liang et Y. C. Tang (=C. stenophylla var. rigescens Franch.) and
C. rochebrunii Franch. Subsp. reptans (Franch.) S. Y. Liang et Y. C. Tang (=C.
remotae L. var. reptans Franch.) are made, and C. stenophylloides V. Krecz. is
reduced to C. duriuscula subsp. stenophylloides (V. Krecz.) S. Y. Liang et Y. C.Tang. 相似文献
5.
陆树刚 《中国科学院研究生院学报》1990,28(6):471-476
本文修订了鳞毛蕨属泡鳞亚属的特征范围，对该亚属的2个组12个种进行了分类研
究，发现其中有新种1个，云南新分布的种5个。本文还对长期混淆不清的Dryopteris labo-rdei与D．gymnosora 的分类特征还进行了清理，恢复前者为独立存在的种。 相似文献
6.
对新种小囊兜兰Paphiopedilum globulosum与新变种扁球兜兰P．micranthum var．oblatum作了描述与绘图。两者均为采自云南东南部的栽培植物，与硬叶兜兰P．micranthum近似。但小囊兜兰具有宽得多的叶(宽2．8～3．4cm)，先端多少呈钩状、宽1．1～1．2cm的唇瓣，以及与唇瓣囊口几乎同样大小的退化雄蕊，而扁球兜兰则叶宽2．2～3 cm，唇瓣扁球形，囊深不超过1 cm，可区别于硬叶兜兰。上述种类均属于宽瓣亚属(广义）。该亚属有16个种产中国、越南或两地共有。本文提供了分种检索表。 相似文献
7.
报道了发现于新疆布尔津的一个中国新记录种——卵形薹草Carex leporina L.，提供了其形态描述和线描图。该种因具有雌雄顺序的小穗和鳞片状的苞片而与卵果薹草C. maackii Maxim.近缘，但花序较短、小穗较少而与后者不同。这两种植物隶属于薹草属二柱薹草亚属卵形薹草组subgen. Vignea sect. Ovales。 相似文献
8.
栎属青冈亚属（壳斗科）的叶表皮研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用光镜和扫描电镜观察了栎属青冈亚属Quercus subgen. Cyclobalanopsis 48种植物的叶表皮，尤以对叶下表皮的毛被特征观察较为仔细。共观察到8种不同类型的叶表皮毛：单列毛、单毛、乳突、星状毛、溶和星状毛、具柄束毛、多出毛和水母状毛。其中乳突在青冈亚属中较常见，而在壳斗科其他属中仅在石栎属 Lithocarpus 少数种类中有报道；水母状毛首次在壳斗科中发现。毛被可能遵循以下的演化规律：乳突→单毛→星状毛；星状毛依照从简单→复杂的演化途径，分化出各种形态各异和结构复杂的毛系。初步讨论了毛被以及叶表皮其他特征(如毛基细胞和表皮细胞的形态、气孔的类型和密度等)的分类和系统学意义。 相似文献
9.
马金双 《中国科学院研究生院学报》1992,30(6):508-514
多药马兜钤亚属是马兜铃属目前已知3个亚属中最小的一个亚属，约9种，其中8种产于热带
非洲，1种产于热带亚洲(马来西亚)。 本工作从经典分类学角度对该亚属的系统进行了探讨，首次利用花药数目及其排列方式将其划分为三个组，并对其中所含的种类进行了分类学处理，本文承认9种及3个新异名。 相似文献
10.
选择中国复序苔草亚属6组4亚组的代表植物14种,进行了叶片解剖学研究,观察了其横切面
和表皮特征,证明上述特征在各类群之间存在差异,具有一定的系统学意义。这14种植物叶片的横切
面和表皮都具有一些原始的性状,表明复序苔草亚属中的植物可能在苔草属中是较原始的。在所观察
的植物中,Sect．Polystachyae植物叶片解剖学特征比较一致,说明此组的建立比较合理;而Sect．Indicae
组已有明显分化,尤其是Carex scaposa C．B．Clarke和C．densifimbriata Tang et S．Y．Liang
与其它植物明显不同,而且其外部形态特征在复序苔草亚属中也比较独特,因此赞成将它们及其近缘类群做为一个组而非亚组。 相似文献
11.
12.
13.
描述了兰科兜兰属的一个新种——心启兜兰Paphiopedilum singchii Z．J．Liu et J．Y．Zhang。模式标本系深圳市梧桐山苗圃总场的栽培植物。原植物可能采自云南南部近中越边境处。 相似文献
14.
本文对我国苔草属二柱苔草亚属Subgen．Vignea作了系统排列，并提出以下几点的看法：
1．二柱苔草亚属是苔草属中比较自然的一个类群，我国有48种、7亚种和1变种，隶属于16个
组。根据Takhtajan的世界植物区划，将它们分成4种成分，即：(1)环北方植物地区成分，占总数的
20．4％；(2)东亚植物地区成分，占总数的55.5％。实际上，只有4个分类群出现于中国-喜马拉雅森
林植物亚区，而其余的都均分布于中国-日本森林植物亚区，并且在这一亚区内有8个特有成分，占特
有成分总数的61.5％；显然，中国二柱苔草亚属在中国-日本森林植物亚区内的分化较其他地区更为强
烈；(3)伊朗—吐兰植物地区成分，占总数的16.7％；(4)印度支那植物地区成分和印度植物地区成
分，占总数的7.4％。
2．高节苔草C．thomsonii和云雾苔草C．nubigena类群是Subgen．Vignea中较为原始的种类，
它们为印度支那植物地区和印度植物地区成分。这样非但Subgen．Indocarex原始类群分布于东南亚
和马来西亚，而Subgea．Vignea的原始类群也分布于东南亚，这也是对Nelmes提出Carex起源于印度-马来西亚地区的一个佐证。 相似文献
15.
本文以可收集到的标本，运用形象化散点图、柱状图等方法，对国产山梗菜亚属Subgen．Tupa E．Wimm．性状的变异幅度及相关性进行了统计分析,并结合花粉特征及种皮表面纹饰，对该亚属的国产种进行了修订，发现一新种(叶苞山梗菜L．foliiformis)一新亚种(贵州山梗菜L ．colorata subsp．guizhouensis)，同意廉永善对L ．hybrida的处理，并把L ．taliensis也归人L ．colorata，将后者分为三个亚种。对于L ．kwangsiensis我们的分析结果支持廉永善在《中国植物志》中的划分，给予降级，并置于L ．davidii内。 相似文献
16.
论中国-喜马拉雅植物亚区乌头属植物地理分布特点 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
李良千 《中国科学院研究生院学报》1988,26(3):189-204
本文对乌头属Aconitum L．植物分布区内各地区的分布作了分析，统计了各地区不
同等级分类群的频度，认为中国-喜马拉雅植物亚区是乌头属植物地理分布最大的频度中心、
多样性中心和特有种的分布中心。 文中还讨论了乌头属内的演化关系，以及本属与邻近属的
系统发育关系，发现在中国-喜马拉雅植物亚区既有许多原始类群，又有大量的进化类群，提出
了本亚区不但是本属植物原始类群的保存中心，而且是活跃的分化中心。产生上述结果的原因可能与喜马拉雅山脉的抬升以及本亚区复杂的自然条件有着密切的关系。 相似文献
17.
中国特有的露蕊乌头亚属及铁破锣的染色体研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
商效民 《中国科学院研究生院学报》1985,23(4):270-274
The paper reports chromosomal number and chromosomal morphologies of
annual Aconitum gymnandrum endemic to China and Beesia calthifolia for the first
time. Of the two spcies, chromosome number is same (X=8, 2n=16) and chromosome
average lengths are 6.17μ , 10.73μ respectively. The longest chromosome 1, the short
chromosomes 3-5, 7 and the shortest chromosome 8 are metacentrical (m), the chro-
mosomes 2, 6 are submetacentrical (sm), and the pairs 4, 5, 8 have satellites in the
karyotype of A. gymnandrum. In B. calthifolia, all of the chromosome 1-5 are the
long m, the chromosomes 6, 8 are the short sm and the 7 is telocentrical (t). The pairs
3, 4, 6 have satellites.
According to the comparison of karyotypes of three subgenera—subgen. Para-
conitum, subgen. Aconitum and subgen. Gymnaconitum in Aconitum, the evolution trend
of chromosomes is further discussed.
Finally, the relationship between Aconitum and Beesia is also discussed in thispaper. 相似文献
18.
The present paper is an attempt to throw some light on two Composite genera,
Cavea W. W. Smith et Small and Nannoglottis Maxim., of which the generic features
and the systematic position were heretofore rather badly known.
Cavea, a monotypic genus based upon Saussurea salwinensis Drumm., was described
by W. W. Smith and Small as monocious. From the ample material now in our com-
mand, it is found that the genus is either monocious and dioecious, the capitula in the
latter case being homogamous. The individuals exclusively provided with sterile flowers
are usually smaller in size, sometimes even stemless. Such repartition of sexes was
known in the subtribe Plucheinae (tribe Inuleae), to which W. W. Smith and Small were
correct to ascribe their genus.
Nannoglottis was considered by Maximovicz as un abnormal genus of the tribe
Inuleae, having heterogamous capitula with one series of peripheric fertile ligulate pistil-
late flowers. Having examined the type specimen of N. carpesioices Maxim. and the ex-
tensive collection from Kansu and Tsinghai, we incline to say that the genetic characters
as discerned by Maximovicz are doubtlessly due to his inaccurate observation. The
flowers of Nannoglottis are in fact trimorphous, of which the pistillate ones are 2-3-
seriate, the outer being shortly ligulate and the inner, short-tubulate with truncate apex.
Handel-Mazzetti, much later, indicated that, in another species, the pistillate flowers are
2-3-seriate, but no mention was made about the inner tubulate pistillate flowers.
Franchet, appearing to be unware of Maximovicz's genus, founded his Stereosanthus
Franch. and considered it as a genus intermediate between the tribes Inuleae and Sene-
cioneae. The genus was misinterpreted by Franchet as having dimorphous flowers, the
pistillate ones being all ligulate. Curious enough, one of the major generic features, viz.,
the presence of inner tubulate pistillate flowers, was neglected by all early botanists and
was first recognized by Handel-Mazzetti fourty years later.
However, Handel-Mazzetti was still unacquainted with the characters of Nannoglot-
tis and proposed therefore his new genus Vierhapperia Hand.-Mzt. on the reason that the
flowers are trimorphous. Moreover, he compared his genus with Conyza L. and Erigeron
L. of the tribe Astereae, but the characters marked by him appear not to be different
from those of Nannoglottis.
From the above morphological comparaison, it is evident that Nannoglottis and two
other genera in question possess in common important characters in the general appea-
rance, the flower-forms and the structure of achenes and pappus. The differences in the
disposition of involucral bracts and the length of ligules are criteria good for separating
species, but can hardly be regarded as sufficient for generic delimitation. Moreover,
these three genera are almost similar in their geographical distribution. These points are
adequate to warrant that Stereosanthus and Vierhapperia are in reality congeneric with
Nannoglottis.
Nannoglottis appears to have been correctly placed by Hoffmann in the subtribe
Senecioninae (tribe Senecioneae) though in that subtribe it finds no close relatives. On
account of the outstanding characters of the genus, a further study of its systematic posi-
tion is required.
The present paper is brought to close by a tentative scheme of classification of the
genus so amplified, of which two sections, namely, sect. Stenolepis Ling et Y. L. Chen
(Stereosanthus Franch., p. p. min.) and sect. Nannoglottis (Stereosanthus Franch., p. p.maxim.; Vierhapperia Hand.-Mzt.), altogether including 9 species, are being proposed. 相似文献
19.
林镕 《中国科学院研究生院学报》1965,10(1):75-90
The present paper concerns itself with three Composite genera of the tribe Cynareae
(subtribe Carduinae), Vladimiria Ilj., Diplazoptilon Ling and Dolomiaea DC., all ranging
throughout the Sino-himalayan region, These genera have in the past always been as-
sociated with the Eurasiatic genus Jurinea Cass., though there is hardly anything that
can indicate such a relationship. Jurinea, according to the conception of Iljin, is a clearly
deliminated natural genus, while the three genera now in question are all closely allied to
Saussurea DC., being quite remote from Jurinea in the corolla forms, the structure of
receptacle and pappus, and also in the morphology of pollen grains.
Vladimiria was founded by Iljin, based on Jurinea salwinensis Hand.-Mzt. The
genus is a close relative of Saussurea from which it differs chiefly in the usually many
seriate pappus which are composed of scabrous or partly barbellulate bristles. As a re-
sult of our study, a tentative scheme of classification is here proposed, in which Iljin's
original generic concept has been amplified to include a dozen of species previously re-
ferred to Jurinea by Franchet, Diels, Anthony and Handel-Mazzetti from the flora of
south-western China and adjacent countries. Two sections, namely, sect. Sorocephalos
Ling and sect. Vladimiria (Saussurea sect. Carduella Franch., Mazzettia Ilj.), are being
proposed.
Diplazoptilon, a new monotypic genus based upon Jurinea picridifolia Hand.-Mzt.,
is here proposed. It occupies an intermediate position between Vladimiria and Saussurea
with a closer affinity to the former, from both of which it is, however, distinguished
chiefly by the biseriate pappus with equal plumose bristles.
Dolomiaea, a natural genus early founded by De Candolle on the basis of the Hima-
layan D. macrocephala DC., was considered by Bentham and Hooker f. as not different
from Jurinea, a treatment having being followed since by most botanists of the past.
But, as mentioned above, its relationship with Saussurea is obvious. It seems to differ
from that genus in the two to many seriate pappus, consisting of numerous barbellulate
bristles, and in the short style branches. In view of its affinity with Saussurea rather
than with Jurinea, the generic status of Dolomiaea should be maintained accordingly. As
construed above, the genus is now represented by about 5 species, most of which werepreviously referred to Jurinea by different botanists. 相似文献
20.