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1.
The Danish e-commerce strategy is a highly ambitious effort to become the world's leading IT nation. Instead of a production-led approach aimed at stimulating domestic hardware and software production, Denmark has pursued a demand-oriented approach focused on promoting the widespread adoption of e-commerce in the Danish society. The Danish government has developed a number of e-commerce initiatives via public-private sector partnerships--an approach we refer to as "governance." So far, it appears that Denmark has been successful in promoting business-to-business (B2B) e-commerce, with a number of Danish companies being global leaders in the use of B2B applications. On the other hand, Denmark has had less success in achieving widespread use of business-to-consumer (B2C) e-commerce. This article analyzes the Danish national environment for e-commerce, discusses four sets of governance initiatives aimed at the development of e-commerce, and analyzes the reasons for its success in B2B and relative failure in B2C adoption. 相似文献
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Despite the important benefits for firms of commercial initiatives on the Internet, e-commerce is still an emerging distribution channel, even in developed countries. Thus, more needs to be known about the mechanisms affecting its development. A large number of works have studied firms' e-commerce adoption from technological, intraorganizational, institutional, or other specific perspectives, but there is a need for adequately tested integrative frameworks. Hence, this work proposes and tests a model of firms' business-to-consumer (called B2C) e-commerce adoption that is founded on a holistic vision of the phenomenon. With this integrative approach, the authors analyze the joint influence of environmental, technological, and organizational factors; moreover, they evaluate this effect over time. Using various representative Spanish data sets covering the period 1996–2005, the findings demonstrate the suitability of the holistic framework. Likewise, some lessons are learned from the analysis of the key building blocks. In particular, the current study provides evidence for the debate about the effect of competitive pressure, since the findings show that competitive pressure disincentivizes e-commerce adoption in the long term. The results also show that the development or enrichment of the consumers' consumption patterns, the technological readiness of the market forces, the firm's global scope, and its competences in innovation continuously favor e-commerce adoption. 相似文献
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Poh-Kam Wong 《The Information Society》2003,19(1):19-32
This article provides a broad overview of the likely global/regional contextual factors and unique national characteristics that influence e-commerce diffusion in Singapore. Our analysis suggests that Singapore is likely to be a very fast adopter of e-commerce applications that have relatively proven business models in other advanced countries. In particular, advanced manufacturing clusters in Singapore with strong global supply chain links to advanced countries (especially electronics), logistics and transportation services, and other global market-oriented, business-to-business (B2B) industries are likely to be the most aggressive in adopting e-commerce applications. In contrast, we predict that Singapore will be less likely to innovate new e-commerce technologies or pioneer revolutionary e-commerce applications with radical global impacts, due to the small local market and the inadequate development of an information and communications technologies (ICT) entrepreneurial community with extensive network links to Silicon Valley and other entrepreneurial hot spots. Singapore is also unlikely to be a leader in large-scale business-to-consumer (B2C) e-commerce applications and mass consumer contents publishing. Our review of government policy initiatives to promote e-commerce suggests that although they are by and large in the right direction, they are unlikely to have significant impact until proven e-commerce models have emerged and competitive pressure start to be felt by companies. A possible exception is "e-government" applications. In contrast, we identify a number of areas where government policy initiatives have been a bit slow, notably in liberalizing the telecommunications services sector and in promoting technology entrepreneurship. Our review of the available empirical evidence on recent e-commerce diffusion trend and pattern in Singapore appears to be consistent with this analysis. 相似文献
4.
Poh-Kam Wong 《The Information Society》2013,29(1):19-32
This article provides a broad overview of the likely global/regional contextual factors and unique national characteristics that influence e-commerce diffusion in Singapore. Our analysis suggests that Singapore is likely to be a very fast adopter of e-commerce applications that have relatively proven business models in other advanced countries. In particular, advanced manufacturing clusters in Singapore with strong global supply chain links to advanced countries (especially electronics), logistics and transportation services, and other global market-oriented, business-to-business (B2B) industries are likely to be the most aggressive in adopting e-commerce applications. In contrast, we predict that Singapore will be less likely to innovate new e-commerce technologies or pioneer revolutionary e-commerce applications with radical global impacts, due to the small local market and the inadequate development of an information and communications technologies (ICT) entrepreneurial community with extensive network links to Silicon Valley and other entrepreneurial hot spots. Singapore is also unlikely to be a leader in large-scale business-to-consumer (B2C) e-commerce applications and mass consumer contents publishing. Our review of government policy initiatives to promote e-commerce suggests that although they are by and large in the right direction, they are unlikely to have significant impact until proven e-commerce models have emerged and competitive pressure start to be felt by companies. A possible exception is "e-government" applications. In contrast, we identify a number of areas where government policy initiatives have been a bit slow, notably in liberalizing the telecommunications services sector and in promoting technology entrepreneurship. Our review of the available empirical evidence on recent e-commerce diffusion trend and pattern in Singapore appears to be consistent with this analysis. 相似文献
5.
This article develops and tests a model examining the relationship between firm globalization, scope of e-commerce use, and firm performance, using data from a large-scale cross-country survey of firms from three industries. We find that globalization leads to both greater scope of e-commerce use and improved performance, measured as efficiency, coordination, and market impacts. Scope of e-commerce use also leads to greater firm performance of all three types. Globalization has differential effects on B2B and B2C e-commerce, however, such that highly global firms are more likely to do B2B but less likely to do B2C. Our findings provide support for Porter's (1986) thesis that upstream business activities (namely, B2B) are more global while downstream business activities (B2C) are more local or multidomestic. 相似文献
6.
随着大学生的就业难现象的持续存在,迎合中国进入电子商务时代这个契机,政府和高校制定了相关政策来鼓励和支持大学生进行电子商务创业。很多高校也开始把大力发展学生的C2C电子商务创业当成了一个重点。不过,大学生的电子商务创业应该如何来操作,怎样才具有持续性的发展,本文以义乌工商职业技术学院为例,对大学生电子商务创业的持续性发展,进行了一些思考。 相似文献
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对电子商务网站的运营来讲,获得更多用户的接受是一个成功因素。本文将电子商务活动视作一个由多方因素驱动用户采纳的过程,应用两个典型的模型研究电子商务使用情况：用户接受模型（TAM）和任务技术适配模型（TTF）。首先,给出两个模型在电子商务中的应用现状,接着探讨两个模型整合的优点及进展,最后对研究现状进行述评,得出结论。 相似文献
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This article examines the key global, environmental and policy factors that act as determinants of e-commerce diffusion. It is based on systematic comparison of case studies from 10 countries--Brazil, China, Denmark, France, Germany, Mexico, Japan, Singapore, Taiwan, and the United States. It finds that B2B e-commerce seems to be driven by global forces, whereas B2C seems to be more of a local phenomenon. A preliminary explanation for this difference is that B2B is driven by global competition and MNCs that "push" e-commerce to their global suppliers, customers, and subsidiaries. This in turn creates pressures on local companies to adopt e-commerce to stay competitive. In contrast, B2C is "pulled" by consumer markets, which are mainly local and therefore divergent. While all consumers desire convenience and low prices, consumer preferences and values, national culture, and distribution systems differ markedly across countries and define differences in local consumer markets. These findings support the transformation perspective about globalization and its impacts. In terms of policy, the case studies suggest that enabling policies such as trade and telecommunications liberalization are likely to have the biggest impact on e-commerce, by making ICT and Internet access more affordable to firms and consumers, and increasing pressure on firms to adopt e-commerce to compete. Specific e-commerce legislation appears not to have as big an impact, although inadequate protection for both buyers and sellers in some countries suggests that mechanisms need to be developed to ensure greater confidence in doing business online. 相似文献
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Environment and Policy Factors Shaping Global E-Commerce Diffusion: A Cross-Country Comparison 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
This article examines the key global, environmental and policy factors that act as determinants of e-commerce diffusion. It is based on systematic comparison of case studies from 10 countries--Brazil, China, Denmark, France, Germany, Mexico, Japan, Singapore, Taiwan, and the United States. It finds that B2B e-commerce seems to be driven by global forces, whereas B2C seems to be more of a local phenomenon. A preliminary explanation for this difference is that B2B is driven by global competition and MNCs that "push" e-commerce to their global suppliers, customers, and subsidiaries. This in turn creates pressures on local companies to adopt e-commerce to stay competitive. In contrast, B2C is "pulled" by consumer markets, which are mainly local and therefore divergent. While all consumers desire convenience and low prices, consumer preferences and values, national culture, and distribution systems differ markedly across countries and define differences in local consumer markets. These findings support the transformation perspective about globalization and its impacts. In terms of policy, the case studies suggest that enabling policies such as trade and telecommunications liberalization are likely to have the biggest impact on e-commerce, by making ICT and Internet access more affordable to firms and consumers, and increasing pressure on firms to adopt e-commerce to compete. Specific e-commerce legislation appears not to have as big an impact, although inadequate protection for both buyers and sellers in some countries suggests that mechanisms need to be developed to ensure greater confidence in doing business online. 相似文献
10.
浅析B2C电子商务的云计算解决方案 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
云计算的出现,带给了IT界巨大的改变,也给电子商务的发展带来了新的机遇,作为电子商务的主流模式之一的B2C电子商务,在云计算应用背景下也将会发生巨大的演变。通过对云计算的概念,特征,分类的分析,归纳出云计算的优势所在,并将其引入B2C电子商务模式中,探讨如何利用云计算的优势解决B2C电子商务发展中的瓶颈问题,试图提出几种有效的B2C电子商务的云计算解决方案,为传统企业开展新型的云计算B2C电子商务,以及现有的B2C电子商务企业通过云计算提升其核心竞争力提供有价值的参考。 相似文献
11.
The roles of habit and web site quality in e-commerce 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Previous research has primarily examined consumers’ perceived usefulness of web sites and trust in the web retailer as two major predictors of web site use and e-commerce adoption. While the consumers’ repeated behavior in the past (i.e., habit) may contribute to continuance behavior, it has not been investigated. This article includes habit as a primary construct along with perceived usefulness and trust to predict and explain consumers’ continued behavior of using a B2C web site. Additionally, included are several web quality measures as antecedents to trust and perceived usefulness. The research model is evaluated using structural equation modeling. Results show that consumers’ behavioral intentions to continue using a B2C web site are determined by all three key drivers: perceived usefulness, trust, and habit. Furthermore, not all dimensions of web quality have a significant effect on perceived usefulness and trust. 相似文献
12.
Public participation: democratic ideal or pragmatic tool? The cases of GM foods and functional foods
Over recent decades, public participation initiatives have been employed across Europe often with a focus on science and technology issues. In the area of new food technologies most participation initiatives have centered on genetically modified foods. By contrast, in the area of functional foods--where significant EU legislation was recently passed--we have seen no initiatives towards public inclusion. This applies also for Denmark, the country which is the focus of this article. Based on an interview study with members of the Danish parliament the article examines why such considerable differences exist between initiatives to involve the public, and it challenges the role that public participation plays in Danish politics. The main claim made in the article is that although politicians argue for the value and relevance of public participation their willingness to initiate participatory processes is overruled by their concern with playing by the rules of the political game. 相似文献
13.
The provision of banking services on the Internet (e-banking) is growing but there is a lack of research related to the organisational issues involved in its adoption. This paper brings theory and practice together by synthesising the existing literature with real-life experience of a UK bank. Two questions motivated this research. First, what is the experience of organisations in adopting e-banking? Second, what are the organisational factors which are critical to the success in e-banking adoption? A case study research approach was used to investigate organisational critical success factors in e-banking adoption at The Woolwich bank. The factors found to be most critical for success in e-banking included: understanding customers, organisational flexibility, availability of resources, systems security, established brand name, having multiple integrated channels, e-channel specific marketing, systems integration, systematic change management, support from top management, and good customer services. We concluded that banks need to implement considerable organisational changes in order to web-enable themselves. The main focus of their e-commerce strategy should be to integrate the e-banking channel with other service delivery channels to maximise benefits. 相似文献
14.
文章对比了B2C电子商务环境下的不同仓储配送模式,以典型B2C电子商务平台天猫商城为对象进行案例剖析。从宏观和微观角度分别阐释了国内B2C电子商务环境整体仓储配送模式存在的问题,综合地对B2C电子商务环境下的仓储配送模式提出若干发展建议。 相似文献
15.
【目的/意义】在线评论在消费者购买决策中的重要性日益凸显,探索电商平台消费者绿色产品在线评论信息采纳的影响因素,为进一步挖掘在线评论的商业价值、促进绿色产品的消费提供参考。【方法/过程】以TAM和ELM为理论基础,结合社会环境因素和消费者个体特质因素,构建电商平台消费者绿色产品在线评论信息采纳意愿的影响因素模型,运用结构方程模型进行实证检验。【结果/结论】结果表明评论质量和社会影响均对感知评论有用性产生正向影响,评论源可信度与感知评论有用性的关系不显著,感知评论有用性和社会影响又对评论采纳意愿产生正向影响,产品卷入度会调节消费者评论有用性的感知,而专业知识未能起到调节作用。 相似文献
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基于区块链采用成本的考虑，构建电商平台主导、农企跟随的两阶段博弈模型，通过对比区块链技术应用前后批发价、零售价等决策变量以及农企和电商平台的利润变化，探究采纳区块链技术对批发价、零售价的影响，并找到在采用区块链技术情况下电商平台和农企均受益的路径。研究表明，电商平台采纳区块链技术会导致农企提升批发价，产品零售价也随之增加，同时产品需求量也增大；然而，采纳区块链技术的电商平台和农企却并不一定能实现双赢，只有满足农企学习效率为高水平或农企学习效率和电商平台的追溯效率均为低水平时，采纳区块链技术可使农企和电商平台共同受益；反之，采纳区块链技术只能使电商平台受益。因此，农企应根据自身学习效率的高低理智地作出相应决策。 相似文献
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Master Data Management (MDM) is an approach for effective management of shared master data across organizations. In the public sector, MDM initiatives have been developed; however, the adoption among local government remains slow and there has been little interest in MDM adoption in extant research. Building on a Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) framework, a conceptual model which highlights a set of potential determinants affecting the adoption of MDM by local government was developed. To validate the model, data were collected via survey from 224 responses from Malaysian local government department units. Using SEM-PLS, the study confirmed that data quality and data governance are two determinants of MDM adoption specific to the context of Malaysian local government, and four other determinants – complexity, top management support, technological competence, and citizen demand – are found to have significant effects on MDM adoption by local government. Surprisingly, three determinants – relative advantage, data security, and government policy – are found to have non-significant relationships to the adoption of MDM by local government. In addition, top management support is revealed to be a cornerstone of MDM technological competence in local government. The study contributes to the theoretical, contextual, and practical knowledge of MDM and IT adoption in the context of local government. 相似文献
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当前国际形势复杂多变,传统和非传统威胁相互交织,如何有效维护国家安全成为世界各国面临的严峻挑战。DARPA凭借其独特有效的治理方式肩负起国防和科技的双重任务,取得了全球瞩目的成就。本文以治理的核心要素和弹性政府治理理论为基础,构建了DARPA治理的理论模型,剖析其实现和影响DARPA治理有效性的内在机理和规律,提出DARPA治理有效性是由使命弹性、组织弹性、人员弹性、决策和项目弹性以及环境和文化要素构成的弹性治理方式。最后,借鉴DARPA有效的弹性治理方式,给我国探索的类DARPA机构和处于高风险研发环境中的使命导向型科研机构提出了对策与建议。 相似文献