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根据新时期对竞技体育进行文化反思的需要,以文化哲学范式为指导,参照竞赛与训练的关系属性,将竞技体育文化分为赛文化和练文化两个主要部分,从空间行为图景和历史流变特征角度对前者进行了价值取向辨析,从训练实践特殊性角度对后者进行了内容过程建构. 相似文献
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通过收集相关的文献资料,从不同角度分别对古代体育文化旅游和古代体育文化旅游资源的概念做了界定.阐述了郑州地区古代体育文化旅游资源开发具有的现实意义.从古代体育项目特点、存在朝代、存在形式3方面对郑州地区古代体育文化旅游资源进行了分类.从与古代体育有关的历史遗迹旅游资源、历史名人旅游资源以及与古代体育有渊源关系的文化旅游资源3个途径出发,为郑州地区古代体育文化旅游资源制定了相应的开发思路,并提出了具体的开发措施. 相似文献
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太极太极图太极拳──中国古代体育科学发展蠡测 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
太极太极图太极拳──中国古代体育科学发展蠡测苏州大学副教授罗时铭在中国古代，不仅有体育，有体育思想，而且有导引学、气功学、养生学，以及中华武术等等。当然，和任何科学一样，中国古代体育科学也经历了一个从产生发展，到最后完善的过程。本文的目的就是企图从太... 相似文献
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韩丹 《哈尔滨体育学院学报》1990,(4)
中国养生体育是经历数千年的检验与优选形成的,以保养生命使达更长期限为目的,具有独特理论与方法的体育体系。其主要特征就是选用独特的运动方式,如静动、内动及两者结合的气功、导引等,进行精神与肉体的并协锻炼,尤重植物神经系统及其调控的基本生命功能的锻炼,以使两大神经系统所调节的全部生命机能向整体协调与优化、延缓衰老的目标发展。 相似文献
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我国体育概念演变探析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
运用文献资料法、历史研究法、对比分析法等,列举从被引入至当代的全部有代表性的体育概念,依据马克思主义划分历史阶段的方法,结合我国体育概念外延自身的演化特点,将其历史演变过程划分为四个阶段,并对引起各阶段变化的社会动因进行探析。 相似文献
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刍议气功与体育 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文从研究中西方早期体育形式入手,阐明古希腊之“体操”中国之“导引”的健身运动都类似于今天的徒手体操。而“导引”一词是今天气功的另一种名称,主要的作用是调身、调息、调心。明确气功具有体育的特征,确定体育部门对气功的管理职能,有利于组织体育工作者对气功的科学形究与认识,以体育锻炼的一般卫生原则认识、解释、引导气功,消除有神论思想对气功发展的不良影响,焕发气功作为传统民族体育形式的勃勃生机,使气功在体育科学的领域中健康发展。通过新闻立体化的宣传,更多的消除练功中的唯心认识,增强唯物的观念,使气功真正能在全民健身运动中起到愉悦身心、健全体魄、延年益寿的作用。 相似文献
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道教的养生思想经过数千年的传承、创新,对传统体育养生有深刻的影响;民族传统体育养生继承了中国古代道教的养生思想,进而加以修改、创新,从精神性情与物质躯体两方面来构建和谐的人体。文章通过对道教理论及民族传统体育养生发展现状的阐述,从不同角度进行了分析,最终得出道教文化在思维方式上、修炼形式上和现代处世上对民族传统体育养生得出启示。 相似文献
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论中国养生体育的特征 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
中国养生体育是经历数千年的检验与优选形成的,以保养生命使达更长期限为目的,其有独特理论与方法的体育体系。其主要特征就是选用独特的运动方式,如静动、内动及两者结合的气功、导引等,进行精神与肉体的并协锻炼,尤重植物神经系统及由其调控的基本生命功能的锻炼,以使两大神经系统所调节的全部生命机能向整体协调与优化、延缓衰老的目标发展。 相似文献
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对私人空间的承认与保护,体现了人类对自身千差万别的尊重,也是社会发展与进步的结果。当代私人空间的拓展,对当代体育文化的发展产生了重要的影响。首先,私人空间的拓展优化了体育文化生存空间,使体育文化在很大程度上摆脱了工具属性,而融入到人们的日常生活中。同时,私人空间的拓展又对体育文化本身进行重构,拉近体育与大众之间的距离,促使新体育观念的形成。最后,私人空间的拓展使身体叙事成为可能,体育文化中身体意象空前丰富,唤起人们被压抑日久的欲望、快感与冲动。 相似文献
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This study examined the effect of carbohydrate ingestion on metabolic and performance-related responses during and after a simulated 1h cycling time trial. Eight trained male cyclists (VO 2 peak = 66.5ml kg -1 min -1 ) rode their own bicycles mounted on a windload simulator to imitate real riding conditions. At a self-selected maximal pace, the cyclists performed two 1h rides (separated by 7 days) and were fed either an 8% carbohydrate or placebo solution. The beverages were administered 25 min before (4.5ml kg -1 ) and at the end (4.5ml kg -1 ) of the ride. With carbohydrate feeding, plasma glucose tended (P = 0.21) to rise before the time trial. Compared with rest, the plasma glucose concentration decreased significantly (P < 0.05) at the end of both rides, with no statistically significant difference being observed between treatments. Thereafter, plasma glucose increased significantly (P < 0.05) at 15 and 30 min into recovery, and was significantly higher at 30 min during the carbohydrate trial compared with the placebo trial. No significant changes in plasma free fatty acids were observed during the ride. However, a significant increase (P < 0.05) in free fatty acids was found at 15 and 30 min into recovery, with no difference between trials. Mean power output was significantly (P < 0.05) greater during the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (mean - S.E.: 277-3 and 269-3W, respectively). The greater distance covered in the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (41.5-1.06 and 41.0–1.06km, respectively; P < 0.05) was equivalent to a 44s improvement. We conclude that pre-exercise carbohydrate ingestion significantly increases endurance performance in trained cyclists during a 1h simulated time trial. Although the mechanism for this enhancement in performance with carbohydrate ingestion cannot be surmised from the present results, it could be related to a higher rate of carbohydrate oxidation, or to favourable effects of carbohydrate ingestion on the central component of fatigue. 相似文献
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Roy J. Shephard 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(7):603-620
The biology and medicine of rowing are briefly reviewed. Effort in a 2000 -m race is about 70% aerobic. Because the boat (and in some instances a cox) must be propelled, successful competitors are very tall, with a large lean mass and aerobic power. Large hearts may lead to erroneous diagnoses of a cardiomyopathy. Large respiratory minute volumes must be developed by chest muscles that are also involved in rowing. The vital capacity is typically large, and breathing becomes entrained. Expiration cannot be slowed relative to inspiration (as normally occurs at high rates of ventilation) and the limiting flow velocity may be reached, with the potential for airway collapse. Performance is strongly related to the power output at the ‘anaerobic threshold’, and lactate measures provide a guide to an appropriate intensity of endurance training. Peak blood lactate levels are higher in males (commonly 11–19 mmol·l -1 and occasionally as high as 25 mmol·l -1) than in females (9–11 mmol·l -1), probably because males have a greater muscle mass in relation to blood volume. The skeletal muscles are predominantly slow twitch in type, developing an unusual force and power at low contraction velocities. Many rowers have a suboptimal diet, eating excessive amounts of fat. Lightweight rowers also have problems of weight cycling. Aerobic power and muscle endurance often change by 10% over the season, but such fluctuations can be largely avoided by a well-designed winter training programme. Injuries include back and knee problems, tenosynovitis of the wrist and, since the introduction of large blades, fractures of the costae. 相似文献
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许良 《体育科技文献通报》2011,19(2):1-4
基于1985、1995和2005年全国学生体质调研数据,对各时期我国城乡学生形态、机能、体能发展水平进行系统地定量研究,动态分析20年全国城乡学生体质发展的特点与规律。主要研究结果：（1）近20年城乡学生生长发育持续提前,城市学生各项形态指标生长水平高于乡村,身高城乡差距缩小,体重、胸围城乡差距加大;（2）城市学生肺活量水平高于乡村,城乡学生肺活量20年持续下降,前10年乡村学生下降快、后10年城市学生下降快;（3）乡村学生800m、1000m跑水平高于城市,城市女生50m跑、仰卧起坐水平高于乡村,其他素质城乡学生水平波动较大;（4）城市女生50m跑20年持续下降,城乡学生800m和1000m跑、城市学生50m×8往返跑20年加速下降,其他素质20年间有增有降发展极不平稳。 相似文献
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采用测量、问卷调查、数理统计等方法,分析定向运动学习前后对大学生身心健康的影响.结果经T检验和x2检验且表明：定向运动不仅能增强学生体质健康水平,而且有助于学生的情绪调节,增强自信心与创新意识,培养勇敢顽强的意志品质,建立良好的人际关系,能有效地促进学生身心健康发展.为了全面提高大学生整体素质,积极实践,构建定向运动课内外一体化教学模式,进行定向运动课程模块化教学,以满足学生的多元化需求. 相似文献
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Alan M. Nevill Roger L. Holder Andrew Bardsley Helen Calvert Stephen Jones 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(4):437-443
A regression analysis of competitors' tournament results in relation to their world rankings was proposed to identify the effect of home advantage in international ‘grand-slam’ tennis and ‘major’ golf tournaments. The results provided little evidence of home advantage in either the grand-slam tennis or the golf tournaments held in 1993. The only possible evidence of home advantage was found in the Wimbledon tennis and the US Open golf championships. Even these findings can be explained, at least partially, by (1) the availability of information concerning the low world rankings of the British tennis players competing at Wimbledon, and (2) selective entry, allowing only the world's top-ranked foreign golfers into the US open golf tournament. In both cases, the lower ranking home competitors have a greater opportunity to perform above their anticipated world rankings. Therefore, provided entry into tennis and golf tournaments is truly ‘open’ to both the host nation's representatives and foreign competitors alike, home advantage does not appear to be a major factor influencing the competitors' performance in such competitions. These findings may be explained by the relatively objective nature of the scoring systems used in tennis and golf, unlike the subjective influence of refereeing decisions on the results of team-games such as soccer. 相似文献
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曲爱宁 《体育科技文献通报》2007,15(8):97-98
柔韧素质是健美操专业学生的专项素质之一,通过对普通高校健美操专业学生分组对照进行柔韧性训练的实验研究,认为对训练肌群辅以按摩器振颤刺激,可大大提高柔韧性训练效果。 相似文献
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我国城市体育自然环境建设与发展的研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
采用实地调查研究、理性思维研究和文献资料调研等方法对主要问题进行了专门研究，提出了进行城市体育场所区域生态功能区划、设计体育生态功能区布局的方案、做好体育场所绿色环境系统规划、制定体育场所生态与绿地管理措施等基本观点，提出了若干城市体育自然环境建设与发展的对策。 相似文献
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重新认识体育的社会关联 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
体育与政治之间存在一个悖论，体育的发展与经济实力之间没有直线相关，体育与教育部分重叠，体育与宗教最为近缘，体育可借用科学手段，体育的艺术禀性日益明显，体育与养生反映着两种人生观。 相似文献