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《实验室研究与探索》2017,(7)
为降低采暖能耗,解决室内污染物排放超标的问题,将金属纤维红外燃烧技术与辐射采暖技术相结合,设计了一种金属纤维红外辐射采暖器,该系统主要包括燃烧控制器、风机、燃气电磁阀、燃气调节阀、空气-燃气混合器、点火针、金属纤维等部件。通过对该辐射传热模型的理论分析给出了采暖器安装高度的计算方法,并利用实验手段研究该采暖器的各项工作性能。结果表明,该采暖器工作120min后,房内温度15~22℃,平均18~19℃(目标17℃),已达到采暖要求;实验房间内0~20 min温度上升速度较快,20 min后温度上升较缓慢,采暖器工作120min后,物体温度约高于空气温度2.8℃。当空燃比介于1.1~1.5时,CO与NOx的排放量均低于50×10-6,已达到污染物排放标准;随空燃比增加,CO与NOx的排放量降低,且CO排放量降低更为显著。通过对系统的辐射传热模型理论分析,给出安装高度与功率、辐射表面尺寸定量关系。 相似文献
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在空气和 O2／CO2气氛下进行烟煤和褐煤的燃烧实验以考察压力和气氛对煤燃烧以及 CO,NO,SO2析出过程的影响．采用排放峰值与排放总量2个指标来评估压力、气氛和温度等操作参数对煤在增压流化床富氧燃烧过程中 NO 及 SO2生成的影响．结果表明：煤在增压富氧燃烧时 CO,NO 和 SO2析出规律和增压空气燃烧时的规律相似,各组分气体均呈现单峰析出;O2／CO2气氛下,压力从0．1 MPa 提高到0．7 MPa会抑制 NO 和 SO2生成;随着温度的升高,NO 和 SO2的排放峰值和总量均增大,常压时两者增加的幅度要高于加压时． 相似文献
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针对现场固定空燃比燃烧导致无法根据波动燃气热值匹配最佳助燃空气,使热风炉热损失增加;残氧检测仪直接检测热风炉烟道残氧量,将导致氧化锆损耗快、高炉煤气费用计量单一等问题。针对以上问题设计一种残氧燃气分析系统,该系统并行于热风炉控制系统的前馈控制,将少量高炉煤气、空气先通入该系统进行燃烧并调整自身空燃比,得到最佳空燃比作用于热风炉控制系统并对并行系统残氧含量、高炉煤气热值进行数值模拟和相关性分析。通过改进PSO算法优化RBF神经网络预测方法对稳定运行系统建立模型,预测煤气热值作为优化热风炉空燃比,评价煤气质量、费用计量的有效参考条件。经实验仿真测试,该系统可有效提高空燃比修正精度,延长氧化锆使用寿命,减少热风炉热损失。 相似文献
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《浙江大学学报(A卷英文版)》2017,(2)
目的:通过发动机直连式实验,验证燃气发生器产生的富燃燃气可以在超声速气流中二次燃烧,进而证明固体火箭超燃冲压发动机方案的可行性,并初步评估固体火箭超燃冲压发动机燃烧室的工作性能。创新点:1.提出固体火箭超燃冲压发动机构型方案,并开展固体火箭超燃冲压发动机燃烧室直连式实验研究;2.验证了固体火箭超燃冲压发动机构型可行;3.初步评估了固体火箭超燃冲压发动机燃烧室的工作性能。方法:1.通过直连式实验测定固体火箭超燃冲压发动机燃烧室的工作参数(图2、3和4);2.通过实验现象(图8)和数据处理,确定燃气发生器产生的富燃燃气可以在超声速燃烧室中燃烧,进而确定固体火箭超燃冲压发动机方案的可行性;3.初步确定发动机燃烧室的工作性能(公式(6)和(7))。结论:1.燃气发生器中产生的富燃燃气可以在超声速燃烧室中燃烧,固体火箭超燃冲压发动机构型方案可行;2.初步评估了固体火箭超燃冲压发动机燃烧室的工作性能,总压恢复系数约为0.6,燃烧效率约为90%;3.燃气发生器产生的部分一次燃气沉积于燃气发生器喉部,使燃气发生器的工作压力增加,进而引起富燃燃气质量流量的增加;4.燃烧室中的总压损失主要集中在富燃燃气入口处,总压损失主要由射流引起的激波和燃气二次燃烧引起。 相似文献
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建立了1000 MW超超临界火电机组燃烧系统虚拟仿真实验系统,根据实际电站设计资料,应用虚拟现实技术模拟电厂环境和燃烧系统操作过程;以机理动态教学模型为基础,实现了"三维虚拟电站+DCS中控室"二位一体的全面仿真系统.在实验中借助三维效果、图表等直观地展示燃烧器摆角、空气量、吹灰等操控对燃烧效率和污染物控制的影响. 相似文献
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为探究密闭空间内不同体积分数燃气-空气混合气体爆炸时火焰燃烧速度及爆炸压强的分布规律,应用Fluent模拟软件对密闭空间充满不同体积分数（8.3%、9.5%、10%、11%）的燃气在燃气舱的中心发生爆炸进行数值模拟,分析燃气体积分数对密闭空间内火焰燃烧速度、爆炸超压、升压速率的影响规律。结果表明：爆炸火焰形态在燃气舱中呈现出球形、锥形、郁金香形的变化,火焰燃烧速度随时间增加呈先增大后减小的趋势,燃气体积分数为9.5%时火焰燃烧速度最大可达267 m/s;爆炸所产生的冲击波最先到达燃气舱壁面形成反射叠加,最终导致顶部超压大于中部超压且在距点火点40 m处相差最大为0.13 MPa;最大火焰燃烧速度、最大爆炸超压、最大升压速率均随着燃气体积分数的增加呈先增大后减小,且在燃气体积分数小于9.5%时燃气爆炸升压速率受燃气体积分数影响大接近直线上升,大于9.5%时影响小呈缓慢下降,而爆炸升压速率也可直接反应爆炸强度;最大爆炸压强出现的时间在最大燃烧速度后,表明爆炸压强对火焰的燃烧传播有促进作用。因此,可以限制火焰的燃烧传播速度降低爆炸压强来达到抑爆的效果。 相似文献
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Experimental Study on Dimethyl Ether Combustion Process in Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition Mode 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Experimental study on homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) combustion process was carried out on a single-cylinder direct injection diesel engine fueled with dimethyl ether(DME). The influence of inert gas CO2 on the ignition and combustion process was investigated. The research results indicate that because of the high cetanc number of DME, the stable HCCI operating range is quite narrow while the engine has a high compression ratio. The HCCI operating range can be largely extended when the inert gas is inducted into the charging air. HCCI combustion of DME presents remarkable characteristic of two-stage combustion process. As the concentration of inert gas increases, the ignition timing of the first combustion stage delays,the peak heat release rate decreases, and the combustion duration extends. Inducting inert gas into charging air cannot make the combustion and heat release of DME occur at a perfect crank angle position. Therefore, to obtain HCCI operation for the fuel with high cetane number,other methods such as reducing engine compression ratio should be adopted. Emission results show that under HCCI operation, a nearly zero NOx emission can be obtained with no smoke emissions. But the HC and CO emissions are high, and beth rise with the increase of the concentration of inert gases. 相似文献
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Jun-chun ZHANG Le-ming CHENG Cheng-hang ZHENG Zhong-yang LUO Ming-jiang NI 《浙江大学学报(A卷英文版)》2013,14(9):671-678
In this study, a porous inserted regenerative thermal oxidizer （PRTO） system was developed for a 125 kW industrial copper-melting furnace, due to its advantages of low NOr emissions and high radiant efficiency. Zirconium dioxide （ZrOz） ce- ramic foams were placed into the combustion zone of a regenerative thermal oxidizer （RTO）. Different performance characteris- tics of the RTO and PRTO systems, including pressure drop, temperature distribution, emissions, and energy efficiency, were evaluated to study the effects of the porous inserts on non-premixed CH4 combustion. It was found that the PRTO system achieved a significant reduction in the NOx emission level and a fuel saving of approximately 30% compared to the RTO system. It is most suitable for a lean combustion process at an equivalence ratio 〈0.4 with NOx and CO emission levels within 0.002%~）.003% and 0.001%q3.002%, respectively. 相似文献
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Emission characteristics and combustion instabilities in an oxy-fuel swirl-stabilized combustor 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
This paper presents an experimental study on the emission characteristics and combustion instabilities of oxy-fuel combustions in a swirl-stabilized combustor. Different oxygen concentrations （Xoxy=25%-45%, where Xoxy is oxygen concentration by volume）, equivalence ratios （φ=0.75-1.15） and combustion powers （CP= 1.08-2.02 kW） were investigated in the oxy-fuel （CH4/CO2/O2） combustions, and reference cases （Xoxy=25%-35%, CH4/N2/O2 flames） were covered. The results show that the oxygen concentration in the oxidant stream significantly affects the combustion delay in the oxy-fuel flames, and the equivalence ratio has a slight effect, whereas the combustion power shows no impact. The temperature levels of the oxy-fuel flames inside the combustion chamber are much higher （up to 38.7%） than those of the reference cases. Carbon monoxide was vastly produced when Xoxy〉35% or （φ〉0.95 in the oxy-fuel flames, while no nitric oxide was found in the exhaust gases because no N2 participates in the combustion process. The combustion instability of the oxy-fuel combustion is very different from those of the reference cases with similar oxygen content. Oxy-fuel combustions excite strong oscillations in all cases studied Xoxy=25%-45%. However, no pressure fluctuations were detected in the reference cases when Xoxy〉28.6% accomplished by heavily sooting flames which were not found in the oxy-fuel combustions. Spectrum analysis shows that the frequency of dynamic pressure oscillations exhibits randomness in the range of 50-250 Hz, therefore resulting in a very small resultant amplitude. Temporal oscillations are very strong with amplitudes larger than 200 Pa, even short time fast Fourier transform （FFT） analysis （0.08 s） shows that the pressure amplitude can be larger than 40 Pa. 相似文献
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微孔物理发泡因其本身和制品的诸多优点,已越来越多地受到人们的重视,研究重点也逐渐由对发泡成核机理等的研究转向对加工过程中各种影响因素的研究,以求实现对物质发泡结构（泡孔尺寸、泡孔密度、泡孔形态）的更好控制。熔体温度、熔体压力（压力降或压力降速率）、熔体流速以及气体在体系中的浓度是连续挤出发泡过程中的几个关键参数,该文主要探讨了温度对微孔物理发泡塑料泡孔结构的影响,从理论上分析了聚合物熔体温度对气泡成核及长大的影响,结果与前人实验一致;同时,重点分析探讨了连续挤出发泡过程中发泡温度对气泡成核、泡孔尺寸和泡孔密度、泡孔形态等的影响。 相似文献
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Liquid or gaseous fuel scramjet technology has made great progress, and there has been some research attention to solid-fuel scramjet. A new scramjet configuration using solid fuel as propellant, namely solid-fuel rocket scramjet, is tested experimentally. It consists of two combustors. One is a rocket combustor used as gas generator, and the other is a supersonic combustor used for secondary combustion. The experiment simulates a flight Mach number of 4 at high altitude (stagnation temperature and pressure are 1170 K and 1.16 MPa, respectively), and metalized solid fuel is used as propellant. The results reveal that fuel-rich gas from the gas generator can burn with air in the supersonic combustor. Preliminary evaluation results show that the combustion efficiency of the propellant is about 90%, and the total pressure recovery coefficient in the supersonic combustor is about 0.6. These results indicate that the configuration of solid-fuel rocket scramjet is feasible. 相似文献
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A bottoming cycle system based on CO2 Brayton cycle is proposed to recover the engine exhaust heat. Its performance is compared with the conventional air Brayton cycle under five typical engine conditions. The results show that CO2 Brayton cycle proves to be superior to the air Brayton cycle in terms of the system net output power, thermal efficiency and recovery efficiency. In most cases, the recovery efficiency of CO2 Brayton cycle can be higher than 9% and the system has a better performance at the engine’s high operating load. The thermal efficiency can be as large as 24.83% under 100% operating load, accordingly, the net output power of 14.86 kW is obtained. 相似文献
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Auto-ignition and heat release correlations for controlled auto-ignition(CAI)combustion were derived from extensive in-cylinder pressure data of a four-stroke gasoline engine operating in CAI combustion mode.Abundant experiments were carried out under a wide range of air/fuel ratio,speed and residual gas fraction to ensure that the combustion correlations can be used in the entire CAI engine operation range.Furthermore,a more accurate method to compute the residual gas fraction was proposed by calculating the working fluid temperature at the exhaust valve close timing in the experiments.The heat release correlation was described in two parts,one is for the first slower heat release process at low temperature,and the other is for the second faster heat release process at high temperature.Finally the heat release correlation was evaluated on the single cylinder gasoline engine running with CAI combustion by comparing the experimental data with the 1-D engine simulation results obtained with the aid of the GT-Power simulation program.The results show that the predicted loads and ignition timings match closely with the measurements. 相似文献
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This paper presents a KIVA-3 code based numerical model for three-dimensional transient intake flow in the intake port-valve-cylinder
system of internal combustion engine using body-fitted technique, which can be used in numerical study on internal combustion
engine with vertical and inclined valves, and has higher calculation precision. A numerical simulation (on the intake process
of a two-valve engine with a semi-sphere combustion chamber and a radial intake port) is provided for analysis of the velocity
field and pressure field of different plane at different crank angles. The results revealed the formation of the tumble motion,
the evolution of flow field parameters and the variation of tumble ratios as important information for the design of engine
intake system. 相似文献
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浊点压力是描述CO2复合体系相行为的重要参数,目前确定浊点压力的主要方法是目测法,但是由于体系由澄清变浑浊是一个连续变化的过程,因此目测法存在很大误差。该文利用光敏电阻的阻值与感光强度成反比的特性,通过光敏电阻监测CO2体系的透光强度,得到电阻值随体系压力的变化曲线,通过曲线的拐点可以准确地确定体系的浊点压力。该方法可以有效地避免人为读数时的误差。同时,利用该方法评价了烷基聚醚表面活性剂在CO2体系中的浊点压力,考察了表面活性剂的结构、组成及烷基链长度对浊点压力的影响,可为亲CO2-亲油表面活性剂的选择和设计及CO2体系浊点压力的测试提供重要的方法和理论依据。 相似文献