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1.
Moore JB Mitchell NG Bibeau WS Bartholomew JB 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2011,82(2):291-301
There is an increase in literature suggesting exercise can promote positive changes in physical self-perceptions that can manifest as an increase in global self-esteem. In the present study, we assessed self-esteem using the hierarchical framework of the Exercise and Self-Esteem Model (EXSEM) along with cognitive facets at the subdomain level (e.g., competence, certainty, importance, and ideal self-discrepancy). This allowed for an analysis of cognitive facets as possible contributors to changes in physical self-perceptions. We addressed these aims with a sample of 120 college-age adults who completed a 12-week resistance exercise program. Results indicated significant improvements in self-perception constructs at all levels of the EXSEM. The hierarchical structure of the EXSEM was partially supported, as we observed successively smaller improvements at each level of the model (e.g., self-esteem showed lesser improvements than physical self-worth). In addition, a path model developed to explain the impact of strength changes on self-esteem proved a good fit for the data. Results are discussed in terms of contemporary models of self-perception, potential mediators of exercise on self-esteem, and the need to consider cognitive facets of self-perception. 相似文献
2.
通过测定普通职校女生经过八周45rain体育舞蹈锻炼后心理状态和身体自尊的变化,研究体育舞蹈锻炼对普通职校女生心理与身体自尊的影响。结果：经过四周45min体育舞蹈锻炼后,PSPP总分效果显著,八周后更加明显（p〈0．05）,主要表现在身体吸引力、身体价值感和身体状况三个方面。四周运动后POMS全量表分数、紧张、抑郁和自尊差异显著（P〈0．05）,八周后全量表分数、紧张、愤怒、疲劳、精力和自尊差异显著（P〈0．05）。结论：八周45min体育舞蹈锻炼能有效地提高或改善普通女性大学生的身体自尊水平;可以有效降低普通职校生心理状态中的消极因素,提高其积极因素,有利于心理状态的改善,对普通女性学生心理健康起到促进作用。 相似文献
3.
有氧健身操练习对中年女性体质的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
通过对 6 0名中年女性实施 1 6周有氧健身操练习 ,探讨有氧健身操对提高中年女性体质的作用 ,结果发现有氧健身操可降体重指数、增加肺活量、延长闭眼单脚站立时间、缩短反应时、降低心血管运动实验 ,是一种有效提高中年女性体质的健身方法。 相似文献
4.
Victor L. Katch John F. Villanacci Stanley P. Sady 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(2):269-272
Using Sonstroem, Harlow, and Josephs' (1994) expanded version of the Exercise and Self-Esteem Model (EXSEM; Sonstroem &; Morgan, 1989), we explored how 9 older adults (6 women and 3 men, aged 65–72 years) involved in a resistance training program experienced and perceived changes in physical self-worth (i.e., improved strength, functional competency, physical condition, and body satisfaction). We conducted three in-depth interviews with each participant over the course of the program. In individual log books, participants recorded the weight lifted and the number of repetitions for each exercise. Our findings showed the course of changes in physical self-perceptions in these older adults and how actual individual changes in strength performance related to perceived changes in important psychological outcomes. 相似文献
5.
采用文献资料法、问卷调查法、数理统计法、访谈法对武汉市洪山区初中生的身体锻炼、身体自尊等现状进行分析,结果表明：男初中生与女初中生的身体自尊差异不显著,男生高于女生;锻炼强度对＂运动能力＂、＂身体状况＂和＂身体素质＂维度上的作用比较显著;锻炼时间对＂身体自我价值感＂和＂身体吸引力＂维度上的作用比较显著;锻炼强度和锻炼时间的交互作用对身体自尊的影响不显著。 相似文献
6.
《运动与健康科学(英文)》2014,3(3):170-178
Aging is associated with physiological declines, notably a decrease in bone mineral density (BMD) and lean body mass, with a concurrent increase in body fat and central adiposity. Interest in women and aging is of particular interest partly as a result of gender specific responses to aging, particularly as a result of menopause. It is possible that the onset of menopause may augment the physiological decline associated with aging and inactivity. More so, a higher incidence of metabolic syndrome (an accumulation of cardiovascular disease risk factors including obesity, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high blood pressure, and high fasting glucose) has been shown in middle-aged women during the postmenopausal period. This is due in part to the drastic changes in body composition, as previously discussed, but also a change in physical activity (PA) levels. Sarcopenia is an age related decrease in the cross-sectional area of skeletal muscle fibers that consequently leads to a decline in physical function, gait speed, balance, coordination, decreased BMD, and quality of life. PA plays an essential role in combating physiological decline associated with aging. Maintenance of adequate levels of PA can result in increased longevity and a reduced risk for metabolic disease along with other chronic diseases. The aim of this paper is to review relevant literature, examine current PA guidelines, and provide recommendations specific to women based on current research. 相似文献
7.
邵义强 《体育科技文献通报》2010,18(2):79-81
通过对韶关市90名中年女性持续参加4个月的热门健身运动前后BMI和WHR的测试,结果显示：爬山、羽毛球和健身操三项健身运动锻炼前后对BMI没有统计学意义,但WHR锻炼前后有高度显著性差异。说明长期进行有氧运动可以使得身体成分发生改变,瘦体重增加,WHR降低,形体改变,对预防心血管系统疾病,增强体质,延缓衰老有重要作用。 相似文献
8.
选取与心理健康关系最紧密的身体自尊作为测量工具,采用文献资料、心理测量、实验等方法,以苗鼓和舞龙为锻炼方式,对湖南湘西矮寨镇妇女进行16周系统的实验研究。结果显示:16周系统的苗鼓锻炼和舞龙锻炼对湘西矮寨镇妇女身体自尊水平及各维度都具有显著性改善作用;其中,苗鼓在身体自我价值感、身体吸引力两项指标上比舞龙产生的效益更为明显,而舞龙在身体素质和身体状况两方面比苗鼓效果好,说明不同民族传统体育项目锻炼方式对湘西农村妇女的身体自尊产生不同的心理效益,民族传统体育项目有利于促进农村妇女身体自尊不同方面的发展。 相似文献
9.
Arthur D. Stewart Catherine Rolland Ania Gryka Sally Findlay Sara Smith Jacklyn Jones 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(2):164-171
AbstractOver 12 weeks, supervised physical activity (PA) interventions have demonstrated improvements in morphological and health parameters, whereas community walking programmes have not. The present study piloted a self-guided programme for promoting PA and reducing sedentary behaviour in overweight individuals and measured its effect on a range of health outcomes. Six male and 16 female sedentary adults aged 48.5 ± 5.5 years with body mass index (BMI) 33.4 ± 6.3 kg m?2 were assessed for anthropometric variables, blood pressure, functional capacity, well-being and fatigue. After an exercise consultation, participants pursued their own activity and monitored PA points weekly. At baseline, mid-point and 12 weeks, eight participants wore activity monitors, and all participants undertook a 5-day food diary to monitor dietary intake. In 17 completers, mass, BMI, sit-to-stand, physical and general fatigue had improved by 6 weeks. By 12 weeks, waist, sagittal abdominal diameter (SAD), diastolic blood pressure, well-being and most fatigue dimensions had also improved. Throughout the intervention, PA was stable, energy intake and lying time decreased and standing time increased; thus, changes in both energy intake and expenditure explain the health-related outcomes. Observed changes in function, fatigue and quality of life are consistent with visceral fat loss and can occur at levels of weight loss which may not be considered clinically significant. 相似文献
10.
Payn T Pfeiffer KA Hutto B Vena JE LaMonte MJ Blair SN Hooker SP 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2008,79(2):128-132
The relationship between average daily step counts and age, body mass index (BMI), self-reported physical activity (PA) level, and perceived health was determined in 85 middle-aged and older adults who wore a pedometer for 7 consecutive days. Average daily steps were significantly (p < .05) correlated with BMI (r = -.26), age (r = -.44) and perceived health (r = .53) but not with self-reported PA level (r = .19). The adjusted percentage of participants classified as meeting the PA recommendation in < or = 5,000, 5,001-9,999, and > or = 10,000 steps/day categories ranged from 53 to 61%. These findings support previous evidence in younger populations suggesting that the recommended minimal level of health-related PA may be achieved despite not accumulating 10,000 steps/day. 相似文献
11.
有氧舞蹈课程对普通大学生身体自尊影响的实验研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为探讨有氧舞蹈运动与大学生身体自尊之间的关系,通过采用实验法和心理测量法,对大学生进行15周的有氧舞蹈训练后发现：有氧舞蹈练习对学生身体自尊有显著的影响,表现在身体自我价值感、运动能力、身体状况、身体吸引力及身体素质等方面的提高。同时还发现有氧舞蹈练习对男女学生的影响是不同的,主要表现在：实验前男生在运动能力、身体素质方面略高于女生,而女生在身体吸引力方面略高于男生。实验后男生在各因素上都略高于女生,因此可以判断出有氧舞蹈练习对男生身体自尊的影响较大。 相似文献
12.
有氧健身运动对中老年女性体质的影响 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
采用分组测试与问卷调查法，了解有氧运动对中老年女性体质的影响。结果表明，在中年更年期，长期参加有氧运动组女性的WHR、安静脉搏、舒张压低于较少运动组，而肺活量、握力、坐位体前屈、最大摄氧量高于较少运动组的女性，差异具显著性；在老年前期，长期参加有氧运动组女性的BMI、WHR、体脂率、舒张压均显著低于较少运动组，而肺活量、握力和单足站立高于较少运动组的女性，差异具显著性。据此，长期参加有氧运动可明显改善中老年女性的体质状况。 相似文献
13.
有氧运动与女性形体及身体自尊关系的实验研究 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
探讨有氧运动与女性形体及身体自尊之间的关系，通过45周的有氧健美操训练发现：它可以有效改善女性形体；提高女性外显身体自尊水平；内隐身体自尊和外显身体自尊是两种不同的心理结构；内隐身体自尊不受训练的影响，具有较强的稳定性。 相似文献
14.
Dzewaltowski DA Karteroliotis K Welk G Johnston JA Nyaronga D Estabrooks PA 《运动与训练心理学杂志》2007,29(3):310-332
This study developed youth self-efficacy (SEPA) and proxy efficacy (PEPA) measures for physical activity (PA). Proxy efficacy was defined as a youth's confidence in his or her skills and abilities to get others to act in one's interests to create supportive environments for PA. Each spring of their sixth-, seventh-, and eighth-grade years, middle school students completed SEPA and PEPA questions and then, for 3 days, recalled their previous day's after-school PA. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses revealed a four-factor structure (SEPA for 1-3 days, SEPA for 5-7 days, PEPA-Parents, PEPA-School). Across study years, SEPA 1-3 days and 5-7 days increased and PEPA-Parents and PEPA-School decreased. Initial levels of PEPA-Parents and SEPA scales were associated with initial levels of PA. From sixth through seventh grade, changes in SEPA scales were associated with changes in PA. Studies should test whether interventions targeting self-efficacy and proxy efficacy influence PA. 相似文献
15.
16.
目的:通过对实验前后50-59岁超重女性身体成分指标进行对比研究,了解健身舞步对中年女性身体成分的影响,引导中年女性建立健康的生活方式,同时为健身舞步的健身作用提供科学的理论依据.方法:选取50名超重女性作为研究对象,参与8周健身舞步运动,采用身体成分分析仪测试运动干预前后身体成分.结果:8周运动干预后,身体成分各个指标均低于运动干预前,并且存在显著性差异(P＜0.05).结论:健身舞步运动能够降低机体体重、BMI、脂肪含量、脂肪百分比等,对于身体成分具有良好的改善作用. 相似文献
17.
Samantha Fawkner Joan Henretty Ann-Marie Knowles Alan Nevill Ailsa Niven 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(4):392-401
AbstractThe aim of this study was to adopt a longitudinal design to explore the direct effects of both absolute and relative maturation and changes in body size on physical activity, and explore if, and how, physical self-perceptions might mediate this effect. We recruited 208 girls (11.8 ± 0.4 years) at baseline. Data were collected at three subsequent time points, each 6 months apart. At 18 months, 119 girls remained in the study. At each time point, girls completed the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Children, the Pubertal Development Scale (from which, both a measure of relative and absolute maturation were defined) and the Physical Self-Perception Profile, and had physical size characteristics assessed. Multilevel modelling for physical activity indicated a significant negative effect of age, positive effect for physical condition and sport competence and positive association for relatively early maturers. Absolute maturation, body mass, waist circumference and sum of skinfolds did not significantly contribute to the model. Contrary to common hypotheses, relatively more mature girls may, in fact, be more active than their less mature peers. However, neither changes in absolute maturation nor physical size appear to directly influence changes in physical activity in adolescent girls. 相似文献
18.
陆守芹 《哈尔滨体育学院学报》2008,26(5)
以身体自尊与心理满意度量表为研究工具,并结合体育锻炼情况对83名职业学校学生身体自尊与心理满意度进行调查分析。研究发现男生比女生更积极参加体育锻炼,经常参加锻炼学生身体自我价值感、运动能力和身体状况显著优于不经常参加锻炼的学生。身体自我价值感和运动能力、身体状况、身体吸引力、身体素质均有非常显著性正相关,运动能力、身体状况、身体吸引力、身体素质相互之间均具有非常显著性正相关。情感平衡与负性情感呈非常显著性负相关,与正性情感有非常显著性正相关。负性情感维度与身体自我价值感、身体素质有显著性负相关。职业学校学生身体自尊与心理满意度具有密切关系,经常参加体育锻炼的学生身体自尊水平较高。 相似文献
19.
The aim of this systematic review was to investigate the longitudinal relationship between physical activity (PA) and the psychological domains of well-being in older adults and to identify possible moderators and mediators of this relationship. Twelve longitudinal investigations were included in this review. The results indicate that there seems to be a positive association between PA and psychological well-being over time. Thus PA may be one possible individual lifestyle factor for the long-term promotion of psychological well-being in older adults. Especially leisure time PA at light intensities conducted in group settings was identified to be beneficial for promoting psychological well-being. Furthermore, longitudinal results indicated that self-efficacy, self-esteem, affect, optimism, and pre-interventional motivation moderated/mediated the relationship between PA and psychological well-being in older adults. 相似文献
20.
Leisure time physical activity in Australian women: relationship with well being and symptoms 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
This paper explores the association between moderate levels of physical activity (PA) and health benefits in well being and symptoms such as tiredness, back pain, and constipation. Participants in the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health, 14,502 young women (ages 18-23 years), 13,609 middle-age women (45-50 years), and 11,421 older women (ages 70-75 years), answered questions about vigorous and less vigorous exercise (used to determine a physical activity score), well being (SF-36), symptoms, and medical conditions. There were significant associations between the PA score and SF-36 in each cohort. Odds ratios (OR) for a range of symptoms and conditions were lower for women who reported low to moderate activity than for sedentary women, for example, for young women or for constipation = 0.76 (CI, 0.65-0.89), for middle-age women or for tiredness = 0.70 (0.63-0.78). There was no threshold of PA at which health benefits increased significantly. Although cross-sectional, the findings suggest that low-to-moderate levels of exercise are associated with a range of health benefits for women of all ages. These preliminary findings will be followed up during the longitudinal study. 相似文献