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1.
The provision of speech and language therapy services is a topic of continuing concern and debate for policy makers and practitioners alike. In this article, James Law, of the Department of Language and Communication Science at City University, London; Maria Luscombe, of the Speech and Language Therapy Department at Northwick Park Hospital, London; and Judy Roux, of the Speech and Language Therapy Service in the London Borough of Newham, report the results of their research into the use of Standards Fund money in relation to children with speech and language needs. This report takes forward and updates many of the issues raised in Law, Lindsay, Peacey, Gascoigne, Soloff, Radford, Band and Fitzgerald's article in BJSE in September 2001 but also opens up new areas for discussion. These matters will be central to the task of promoting collaboration between the various agencies charged with responsibility for supporting children with speech and language needs. 相似文献
2.
Conversations about Visual Arts: Facilitating Oral Language 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Visual arts, such as drawings, are attractive to most young children. Marks left on paper by young children contain meaning. Although it is known that children’s oral language could be enhanced through communication with adults, rarely is there a series of dialogues between adults and young children about their drawings. Often heard instead are simple comments given by adults like “It is a neat picture!” “You did a great job painting!” Yet, dialogic communication between adults and young children could not only help facilitate children’s oral language, but also bring about many other merits. Regrettably, little literature addresses oral language facilitation about visual arts. This article describes the significance of facilitating children’s oral language via adults’ talking with young children about their visual arts based on Otto’s (Literacy development in early childhood: reflective teaching for birth to age eight, 3edn. Pearson Education Inc, Upper Saddle River, 2008) linguistic scaffolding strategies and Halliday’s (Language in a social perspective: explorations in the functions of language. Edward Arnold Model of Language Functions, London, 1973). Implications and suggestions for future research are given at the end of this paper. 相似文献
3.
Aura Mor&#x;Sommerfeld 《Literacy》2002,36(3):99-105
This article presents a new approach to examining second language writing among young learners, which I define as “Language mosaic”. It offers a new perspective on the process of writing development and examines how and what children do in the writing process while developing an additional language. 相似文献
4.
Maria Mroz 《International Journal of Early Years Education》2006,14(1):45-61
This paper discusses the knowledge, skills and understandings of Foundation Stage teachers in relation to children’s speech and language development. Results from a questionnaire to 294 teachers reveal limited initial and post qualification training. Teachers’ knowledge of specific aspects of children’s language revealed that key areas for training were centred on the identification of children who may have speech and language difficulties and speech sound development. The discussion centres on how changes to the curriculum in initial teacher training, in the consolidation of the revised Special Educational Needs Code of Practice and in the assessment requirements within the Foundation Stage may impact on teachers’ knowledge of speech and language development and on their ability to identify children who have speech and language difficulties. 相似文献
5.
Self-directed speech – the audible or partially whispered self-talk that children engage in during their daily activities, was proposed by Vygotsky to have a mediating role in the emerging self-regulatory behaviour of young children. Studies with correlational findings tend to lend support to this hypothesis but fail to delineate the real-time temporal interactions between self-directed speech and self-regulatory behaviour. The authors propose the use of lag sequential analysis and t-pattern analysis as useful and complementary methods for detecting significantly recurring patterns of co-occurrence of self-directed speech and non-verbal behaviour (that is either self-regulatory or shows a failure of self-regulation). Furthermore, it is argued that the analysis of these co-occurrences is required to establish the functions of self-directed speech, and to determine in what ways these might be self-regulatory. Illustrative analyses are presented of data from a study comparing the patterns of self-directed speech use during a planning task in typically developing children and matched peers with Specific Language Impairment. The results obtained from t-pattern analysis reveal qualitative differences between these two groups of children, in their use of self-directed speech, which were not detected by the other two methods. Implications of examining recurring temporal patterns in behaviour for research investigating aspects of development, particularly self-regulation, are discussed. 相似文献
6.
7.
Deborah Russell Carter David J. Chard Juli Lull Pool 《Early Childhood Education Journal》2009,36(6):519-526
Language and literacy skills are an essential element of young children’s development and allow them to interact meaningfully
with other people and to develop knowledge in all subject areas. Despite the importance of language and literacy development,
however, more than one-third of children in the United States enter school with significant differences in language, early
literacy skills, and motivation to learn that place them at considerable risk for developing long-term reading difficulties.
The quantity and quality of language interactions children have with their parents and exposure to print in their home environment
prior to entering school have an important impact on these individual differences. This paper provides teachers with guidelines
and tools for helping families identify and create language and literacy opportunities in their home environment that reflect
their unique strengths and routines. 相似文献
8.
Scoping and Hoping: The Provision of Speech and Language Therapy Services for Children with Special Educational Needs 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Elspeth McCartney 《British Journal of Special Education》1999,26(4):196-200
Elspeth McCartney, Department of Speech and Language Therapy at the University of Strathclyde, reviews recent legislation and Government plans for the provision of speech and language therapy services for children with special educational needs and discusses issues which might be considered in a proposed DfEE 'scoping study'. 相似文献
9.
Marjolijn van Weerdenburg Ludo Verhoeven Hans van Balkom Anna Bosman 《Scientific Studies of Reading》2013,17(6):484-507
This study investigated the role of cognitive and language skills as predictors of early literacy skills in children with Specific Language Impairment. A range of cognitive and linguistic skills were assessed in a sample of 137 eight-year-old children with SLI at the beginning of the school year, and 6 months later on word decoding and reading comprehension. The cognitive and linguistic measures revealed four factors that were called language, speech, short-term memory, and phonological awareness. Structural equation modeling showed word decoding to be predicted by speech, short-term memory, and phonological awareness, whereas reading comprehension was predicted by word decoding skills and short-term memory. It can be concluded that in children with SLI variations in early word decoding are mostly determined by speech abilities and short-term memory, and to a lesser extent by phonological awareness. Moreover, reading comprehension turns out to be highly dependent on word decoding and short-term memory. 相似文献
10.
There are at least two languages (American Sign Language [ASL], English) and three modalities (sign, speech, print) in most deaf individuals' lives. Mixing of ASL and English in utterances of deaf adults has been described in various ways (pidgins, diglossia, language contact, bilingualism), but children's mixing usually is treated as the 'fault' of poor input language. Alternatively, how might language mixing serve their communication goals? This article describes code variations and adaptations to particular situations. Deaf children were seen to exhibit a wide variety of linguistic structures mixing ASL, English, Spanish, signing, and speaking. Formal lessons supported a recoding of English print as sign and speech, but the children who communicated English speech were the two who could hear speech. The children who communicated ASL were those who had deaf parents communicating ASL or who identified with deaf houseparents communicating ASL. Most language produced by the teacher and children in this study was mixed in code and mode. While some mixing was related to acquisition and proficiency, mixing, a strategy of many deaf individuals, uniquely adapts linguistic resources to communication needs. Investigating deaf children's language by comparing it to standard English or ASL overlooks the rich strategies of mixing that are central to their communication experience. 相似文献
11.
Coral Kemp 《International Journal of Disability, Development & Education》1996,43(2):175-187
Instruction in reading has been an important component of many early intervention programs for children with disabilities over the past two decades. Justification for the inclusion of reading, prior to the age when it is traditionally taught to children with normal development, has included the importance of reading as a life skill and the value of teaching reading in a systematic, individualised program with the reduced risk of failure. It has also been argued that the teaching of reading, at a time when oral language skills are emerging, will enhance the development of speech and language skills. This proposition is an interesting one in view of the belief, commonly held by educators, that reading needs to be established on a firm language base and that good language skills will enhance the acquisition of reading skills. This paper explores the theoretical and empirical support for the teaching of reading as a supportive language development program for young children with disabilities. 相似文献
12.
Facilitating communication between education and health services: the provision for children with speech and language needs 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
James Law Geoff Lindsay Nick Peacey Marie Gascoigne Nina Soloff Julie Radford & Sue Band 《British Journal of Special Education》2001,28(3):133-137
In this article, James Law, Marie Gascoigne and Nina Soloff, of the Department of Language and Communication Science at City University, London; Geoff Lindsay and Sue Band, of the Institute of Education, University of Warwick; and Nick Peacey and Julie Radford, of the Institute of Education, University of London, explore provision for children with speech and language needs. The authors report the outcomes of Government-funded research into the provision of speech and language therapy services and identify 13 key themes which emerge from a review of these findings. They proceed to make a series of important and challenging recommendations, many of which focus on the need for enhanced collaboration at a range of levels. 相似文献
13.
Klatter-Folmer J van Hout R Kolen E Verhoeven L 《Journal of deaf studies and deaf education》2006,11(2):238-251
The language development of two deaf girls and four deaf boys in Sign Language of the Netherlands (SLN) and spoken Dutch was investigated longitudinally. At the start, the mean age of the children was 3;5. All data were collected in video-recorded semistructured conversations between individual children and deaf and hearing adults. We investigated the lexical richness and syntactic complexity of the children's utterances in SLN and spoken Dutch, as well as language dominance and interactional participation. Richness and complexity increase over time, as well as children's participation. An important outcome is that syntactic complexity is higher in utterances with both sign and speech. SLN does not have higher outcomes on richness or complexity, but is dominant in terms of frequency of use. 相似文献
14.
Susan Britsch 《Early Childhood Education Journal》2010,38(3):171-177
Teachers can integrate discussion and writing about photographs into the early childhood curriculum to build speaking, reading,
and writing skills in any language. Although little available research focuses on photography and early childhood education
as related specifically to English Language Learners, several current teacher resources do focus on uses of photography in
classrooms for young children. What is lacking, however, is substantial reference to the planned use of language along with
image creation through photography for the language development of English Language Learners (ELLs) in the early childhood
classroom. Teacher training, too, devotes insufficient attention to either visual literacy or visual communication. This article
provides a discussion of the role of the visual in English language development as a basis for a sample photography project
that can be incorporated into a course for pre-service teachers in methods of teaching ELLs. Pre-service teachers thus experience
the project first-hand in terms of image creation and the planning of appropriate content, language, and visual literacy objectives.
The resulting visual products then function as teaching resources themselves; however, effective visual learning for ELLs
requires that teachers possess such an informed understanding of the techniques that structure and assist language development. 相似文献
15.
The goal of this study was to longitudinally examine relationships between early factors (child and mother) that may influence children's phonological awareness and reading skills 3 years later in a group of young children with cochlear implants (N = 16). Mothers and children were videotaped during two storybook interactions, and children's oral language skills were assessed using the "Reynell Developmental Language Scales, third edition." Three years later, phonological awareness, reading skills, and language skills were assessed using the "Phonological Awareness Test," the "Woodcock-Johnson-III Diagnostic Reading Battery," and the "Oral Written Language Scales." Variables included in the data analyses were child (age, age at implant, and language skills) and mother factors (facilitative language techniques) and children's phonological awareness and reading standard scores. Results indicate that children's early expressive oral language skills and mothers' use of a higher level facilitative language technique (open-ended question) during storybook reading, although related, each contributed uniquely to children's literacy skills. Individual analyses revealed that the children with expressive standard scores below 70 at Time 1 also performed below average (<85) on phonological awareness and total reading tasks 3 years later. Guidelines for professionals are provided to support literacy skills in young children with cochlear implants. 相似文献
16.
《Australian Journal of Learning Difficulties》2013,18(2):145-160
Early intervention for children with specific language impairment by teachers with experience in supporting their needs is critical to language acquisition. In Western Australia this small number of children are catered for in designated settings with specialised teachers. The length of time that these children are able to access intensive instruction may be shortening and therefore the potential effect on their learning is crucial. Teachers from five Language Development Centres were asked to respond to a range of issues associated with these children's ability to cope with the proposed early re-entry into the mainstream classroom. A total of 120 responses were received from teachers, speech therapists and educational assistants who highlighted the specialist skill set required to teach students with specific language impairments. Discussion focuses on the perceived ability of mainstream teachers to provide appropriate support for children with specific language impairments in the early years. 相似文献
17.
白晓红 《语文学刊:高等教育版》2008,(12):61-64
语言表现并不是语言能力或言语,后者只是前者的一种具体表达形式。在语言表达中,言语的失误常常是与语言的表达意图及表达的结果密切相关的,本文通过对言语失误的类型的分析揭示言语失误与语言的表达意图和结果之间的关系。 相似文献
18.
Temporal and topic contingencies between child and mother speech are reported at 2 achievements in language development in the second year. Measured against their respective baseline rates of speech, children were most likely to talk before mother speech and mothers most likely to talk after child speech. This pattern, evident at both language achievements, increased in amplitude with development. These early conversations were generated by the children; neither their interactions nor word learning depended on adult-scaffolded formats. Only about one-third of all child speech occurred in response to something mothers said; only half of all child speech received a topic-related response. When mothers responded, they most often simply acknowledged, repeated, or clarified what the child said. The results supported the intentionality model for language development, in which the child's role is primary: Children learn words for expression and interpretation in order to share contents of mind, bringing words to their conversations that they've already learned in other contexts. 相似文献
19.
Penella Barker 《Early Childhood Education Journal》1982,10(1):32-35
Language acquisition is for young children interacting with the language spoken around them. Children learn quite a bit of language by imitation, by repeating the various language forms they hear. It is not enough for children just to hear language; they must also interact with it. When we think of the methods used in teaching high school or college students a second language, we can then understand why interacting in communication is important for young children. One cannot speak Spanish fluently just by reading a Spanish grammar book; one must speak Spanish in order to speak it fluently.Penella Barker teaches in the New York City Public Schools. Pictures taken of Class K-164 by Ms. Loraine Sherod in Manhattan. 相似文献