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科学史融入科学课程对提升学生的科学素养有重要的意义。科学史的本源价值是其元认知价值——展现科学的本质和科学技术与社会的关系。辉格式科学史给学生呈现出一副歪曲的科学发展图景,不利于学生理解科学的本质以及科学技术与社会的关系。其产生的根本原因是教育者价值观的错位,即教育哲学中的知识中心主义、科学哲学中的素朴经验论和历史哲学中的移时史观;直接原因在于科学家的一些"不当行为"与科学教育工作者对科学、科学家所持的刻板印象相冲突,他们按自己的刻板印象去重塑科学史。科学课程应变辉格式科学史为真实的科学发展历程。 相似文献
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实施综合科学课程理科教师们准备好了吗——分科理科教师对综合科学课程适应性的调查与分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
目前,我国初中综合科学课程的发展面临着一些问题,教师素质是其中之一。对长春市未实施综合科学课程的15所初中理科教师的问卷调查的数据显示:总体上来说,目前的分科教师还很不了解综合科学课程;对初中综合科学课程持否定态度;不具备符合综合科学课程要求的学科知识结构和技能。可以通过高师院校改革、调整教师培训策略、增进交流等方面来增强教师对综合科学课程教学的适应性。 相似文献
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David Sade Richard K. Coll 《International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education》2003,1(1):87-114
The implementation of technology as a formal subject – either separate or integrated – in school curricula is a relatively recent phenomenon with most studies confined to Western or developed countries and little known about non-Western contexts. In this study we sought to gain an understanding of primary teachers' and curriculum development officers' perceptions of technology and technology education for a small island nation in the South Pacific. Participants' views were ascertained by means of semi-structured interviews including the use of picture card prompts used by Rennie and Jarvis (1995). The study reveals that the participants hold a rather limited view of technology and technology education. The participants see technology as consisting of a variety of artifacts and skills (including in some cases indigenous artifacts and cultural practices), but the predominant view was technology consists of modern, new, foreign, artifacts especially those associated with information and communication technologies. The participants view technology education as learning about how to use technological artifacts. Personal experiences including pre- and in-service teacher training and encounters with technological artifacts were the main influences on their views of technology and technology education. These findings suggest that primary science teachers will need pre-service training in order to implement a curriculum that provides a comprehensive understanding of technology. 相似文献
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以不同认识论中对科学知识来源的不同回答为线索,阐述了科学课程观的演进,并进一步分析了在科学教育改革中,重建科学课程观的意义,认为科学课程能体现科学的融合性,有利于学生理解科学本质,体验科学研究的方法与过程,养成科学情感和价值观,了解科学史,转变思想观念等。 相似文献
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The article shows methods and concepts of analysis of the nature of science in science curricula through an exemplary study made in Portugal. The study analyses the extent to which the message transmitted by the Natural Science curriculum for Portuguese middle school considers the nature of science. It is epistemologically and sociologically grounded with particular emphasis on Bernstein's theory of pedagogic discourse and Ziman's conceptualization of science construction. The study used a mixed methodology and followed a dialectical process between the theoretical and the empirical. The results show that the nature of science has a low status in the curriculum with the exception of the external sociological dimension of science. Intra-disciplinary relations between scientific and metascientific knowledge are mostly absent. Recontextualization processes occurred between the two main parts of the curriculum. These results are discussed and their consequences in terms of scientific learning are explored. The mode of analysis used in the study has the potential of highlighting the level of a science curriculum, in terms of specific aspects of the nature of science. 相似文献
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在我国其它省市实验区科学课程面对综合还是分科选择的难题之时,浙江省的科学课程改革与实施坚持着“综合”的导向,因而审视与反思浙江省综合科学课程推进中的问题成为必要。本文基于科学课程实施现状的调研、七个维度三个层次设计的访谈、对典型地区学校的课堂观察,提出浙江省综合科学课程推进中的问题,表现为“综合科学”与“组合科学”两种科学课程形态的并存;科学教师对科学课程性质与目标认识不到位;对课程资源理解不一,科学教材之外的课程资源开发不足;有效科学教学方式与方法的使用亟待专业引领。进而立足于综合科学课程实施中的难点,提出有效推进科学课程实施的根本在于以培养与培训相结合促进科学教师专业发展;以教材比较研究促进科学教材的完善;改革中考,促进科学教师对科学教学评价的探索。 相似文献
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This paper reports on a study that explored issues of curriculum continuity at the school to university level transition in Malawi. It bases its analysis on the school integrated science curriculum and university science and technology programmes. Data were collected through interviews, documentation and classroom observations. The findings show that gaps do exist, with both the ‘intended’ and the ‘experienced’ curriculum, between integrated science and the requirements of university science and technology programmes in the three categories of the knowledge of science, science as a way of knowing and general knowledge and skills. With respect to the investigative nature of science, gaps exist only with the delivered curriculum. Implications for both the integrated science curriculum and the university science and technology programmes are discussed. 相似文献
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Rowan Oberman 《British Educational Research Journal》2023,49(3):555-574
Picturebooks offer powerful supports for teaching diverse content across different curriculum areas. Research and curriculum resources document their use in inquiry-based education practices, particularly in relation to science and philosophy. There is, however, little theoretical analysis of this use or cross-curricular comparisons. Applying a systematic literature review process, this paper examines existing empirical research on the use of picturebooks in formal inquiry-based education contexts. The analysis considers the context in which the picturebooks were used, including curriculum context and class level, the role played by the picturebooks in the inquiries and the value ascribed to the use of picturebooks. The review proposes a framework for understanding and contrasting the varying roles played by picturebooks in inquiry-based education approaches. This framework involves seven uses: invitations, provocations, mentors, models, resources, touchstones and destinations. Varying benefits are attributed to the use of picturebooks, including their practicality, inclusivity, complexity, aid to cognitive learning, emotional engagement and association with child readers. These benefits emphasise both the accessibility and the complexity of picturebooks. The review proposes that inquiry approaches should attend to picturebook form and content and the interdependency of the two. The review's analysis supports extended use of picturebooks across the curriculum, including in history, geography, citizenship and science education, as well as in interdisciplinary approaches. 相似文献
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A comprehensive view of science and technology in curricular reforms and materials is needed to promote public understanding and participation in science issues. This paper presents the results of an analysis of the treatment of the nature of science and technology in science curricular materials in India. Textbook sections on the conceptions of mechanics are the basis for this analysis. A contextualized curriculum for schools is offered as a more productive approach to learning and exploring science concepts, processes, and science-and-technology issues. The controversial Sardar Sarovar Hydro-Electric Project in India is used as an exemplary case that can further this effort. The paper concludes that a contextualized curriculum is potentially quite powerful for addressing the nature of science and technology in school curricula and materials. 相似文献
10.
针对"水资源的利用和保护",根据新课程"科学学习要以探究为核心"的理念,设计了利用手持技术探究卫河水是否适合鱼类生长的综合实践活动。该探究活动展示了手持技术如何与小学科学课程整合,可以直接为新乡市的学校所用,同时也为其他相似研究性学习提供参考。通过探究,学生不仅能习得相关的知识和探究的方法,其情感态度价值观目标也能得到进一步发展。 相似文献
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Exploring the boundary between school science and everyday knowledge in primary school pedagogic practices 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
This paper explores the different ways that primary school teachers in Uganda navigate the boundary between school science and everyday knowledge in the context of a centrally mandated curriculum innovation. The paper is based on a study of the pedagogic practices of 16 teachers in eight Ugandan primary schools that were selected on the basis of having a track record of either high or low academic achievement in the public primary school‐leaving examination. The official primary school curriculum in Uganda prescribes that science be taught in an integrated form, including integration between science subject knowledge and everyday knowledge. The strategies that teachers in the study adopted in relating science to everyday knowledge was a key feature that differentiated between pedagogic practices in the high‐performing and low‐performing schools. In high‐performing schools, teachers recruited everyday knowledge as a resource for learning science as a specialised discourse; whereas in the low‐performing schools, acquiring everyday knowledge was viewed as an end in itself. The paper, then, considers the implications of differences in teachers' pedagogic strategies for the kinds of knowledge to which learners are given access. 相似文献
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Daner Sun Zu Hao Wang Wen Ting Xie Chirn Chye Boon 《International Journal of Science Education》2013,35(5):808-838
The last two decades have witnessed the gradual implementation of integrated science curriculum at the junior secondary level in China. However, in most provinces of China, the implementation is not as successful as expected. Challenges were reported, yet without fine-grained investigation, with respect to science teachers' instruction on integrated science. In this study, we aim to detect major problems by investigating the instruction of integrated science at the secondary level. Classroom observation focused on the teacher and student verbal behavior, teachers' competency of instructional organization, their presentation of instructional content, and the organization of learning activities. Findings revealed that students were provided with limited opportunities for participating and engaging in learning as science teachers were dominant in classroom talk. Teachers emphasized on the integration of knowledge within one subject (within-subject knowledge), but not the integration of knowledge between subjects (cross-subject knowledge), resulting in the unsuccessful instruction of the integrative content. What is more, teachers were inadequately competent in designing and delivering science, technology and society content, scientific inquiry and scientific experiments, which also affected the quality of instruction on integrated science. 相似文献
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Designing appropriate content area instruction for secondary students with learning disabilities is a challenging endeavor. Even if these students are mainstreamed into algebra, history, or science classes, special educators are likely to expect only a minimal grasp of the material. To go beyond this, to teach higher order thinking through these subjects, would be regarded by most practitioners as too labor-intensive. The authors of this article argue that, through a comprehensive revision of traditional materials, secondary students with learning disabilities can learn content area subjects--earth science and introductory chemistry, particularly--in an integrated manner. These students can achieve a firm understanding of the subject, as well as learn how to solve complex, domain-specific problems. For this kind of integrated instruction to be feasible, the curriculum must be designed and field-tested by professional curriculum developers. 相似文献
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吴逢源 《佳木斯教育学院学报》2012,(3):151-152
本文通过对比中美《科学课程(教育)标准》,发现两者在课程宗旨、课程理念以及课程学习方式上基本思想较为一致,但在课程评价、教师进修、科学与技术关系的表述上两者存在差异。进而提出完善我国科学教育体系需要借鉴美国课程改革的成功经验,结合自身特点走出一条中国特色科学教育之路。 相似文献
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Williams Tory Singer Jonathan Krikorian Jacqueline Rakes Christopher Ross Julia 《Journal of Science Education and Technology》2019,28(3):179-194
The present study examined changes in high school biology and technology education pedagogy during the first year of a three-year professional development (PD) program using the INSPIRES educative curriculum. The Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS) calls for the integration of science and engineering through inquiry-based pedagogy that shifts the burden of thinking from the teacher to the student. This call is especially challenging for teachers untrained in inquiry teaching and engineering or science concepts. The INSPIRES educative curriculum materials and PD provided a mechanism for teachers to transform their teaching to meet the NGSS challenges. This study followed a longitudinal triangulation mixed methods design. Selected lessons were video recorded, scored on the Reformed Teaching Observation Protocol (RTOP) rubric, and examined for qualitative trends. Year 1 results indicated that teachers had begun to transform their teaching and pointed to particular lessons within the INSPIRES curriculum that most facilitated the reform. Instructional practices of participants improved significantly as a result of the INSPIRES PD program and also aligned with previous, similar studies. These findings provide insights for rethinking the structure of professional development, particularly in the integrated use of an educative curriculum aligned with intended professional development goals.
相似文献19.
应循科学技术和科学教育发展而诞生的STSE教学,几十年来在课程形式和功能上的演变经历了三个阶段,完善了其教学地位,并在新世纪基础教育课程与教学改革中发挥着新的功能。论文试图以理科化学课程为例,阐明不同的STSE的课程作用与演进形式,并从实现理科课程教学三维目标的角度论述了STSE的教学作用。 相似文献
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日本新修订高中学习指导要领与理科课程的新变化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
2009年3月日本文部科学省公布新修订《高中学习指导要领》,高中阶段的理科课程设置结构、课程类型、修业方式均出现了新的变化,不仅新设了科学与人类生活和理科课题研究两门综合性的课程,而且物理、化学、生物、地学各科课程的目标、内容构成以及学习方式也在新课程理念的影响下发生了新的变化。 相似文献