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1.
论教育政策的价值及其评价标准   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
祁型雨 《教育科学》2003,19(2):7-10
教育政策评价本质上是对教育政策价值的评价,其中评价标准是教育政策评价的核心,它来源于或依赖于教育政策价值的客观存在。然而,现有的研究由于缺乏对教育政策价值这一前提性问题的探讨,因而对教育政策评价标准的把握不够全面而系统。本文在阐明教育政策的价值及其层级结构的基础上,探讨了教育政策的评价标准,认为教育政策具有政治的价值、社会的价值、教育的价值和人的价值四种表现形式,并立体现出由低到高的层级结构,相应地教育政策评价应包括价值存在(质、量、尺度)、价值规范(应该)和价值必然性(正当)三个层次的评价标准,并且各具独特的内容。  相似文献   

2.
教育政策内容分析,就是运用一定的步骤和标准,对教育政策文本中的政策规范进行分析。教育政策内容分析一般有三个步骤:第一步是,对教育政策文本中的政策规范进行全面系统和准确的考察;第二步是,确立教育政策内容分析的标准;第三步是,运用这些标准对教育政策文本中的政策规范进行对比分析。运用这三个步骤对中国1978年后的教育体制改革政策的内容进行分析后发现,这些内容存在着欠完整、内容交错和缺乏创新性三个问题。要克服这些问题,就要制定具备完整、科学和创新性的特点的教育体制改革政策,从而适应当今教育体制改革健康协调发展的需要。  相似文献   

3.
提出了考虑环境污染因素的电力运行进行规划方案,并就是否实施排污收费、排污收费的多少等环境政策对电力运行规划的影响进行分析与评价。  相似文献   

4.
教育政策风险评估作为政策出台前对于政策合理性进行检测的重要手段,有利于教育政策目标的顺利实现。当前,我国教育政策评估存在着程序混乱、标准单一、主体缺失、方法局限等诸多问题。究其原因,一是意识淡漠和责任缺失,二是理论局限和技术落后。欲解决上述问题,首先要让风险评估成为教育政策制定的必要环节和重要依据,其次是由行政部门设置专门的风险评估机构,再次是依据不同的政策选择不同的评价标准和方法。  相似文献   

5.
巴西教育改革策略:建立全国评价系统   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
巴西的全国评价系统是最近才发展起来的,也就是说.直到20世纪90年代巴西才开始发展评价系统。10年前.巴西教育政策的制订和实施还没有任何系统评价作为参考,所以没有办法知道教育政策是否成功。为了达到普及小学教育、减小地区间教育质量的不平衡.以及公平、透明地分配教育资源等目标.巴西联邦政府实行了一系列教育改革,包括评价和考核体系的建立。  相似文献   

6.
政策科学的研究表明.包括教育政策在内的公共政策系统的运行表现为各个阶段或环节,或说它是由一系列的功能活动所组成的一个过程,教育政策实践也充分证明,教育政策的制定和执行是教育政策最基本、最核心的环节。一定的教育政策都是为了解决特定的政策问题而制定和实施的。一项教育政策制定出台之后,只有教育政策的精神得到了较好贯彻,政策目标才有可能实现.教育发展中的问题才能得到有效解决。所以,教育政策的执行过程实际上是一个特定教育政策方案付诸实践、将教育政策理想变为现实的过程。离开了政策执行。教育政策就成了一个只具象征意义“件”;进而言之,如果教育政策执行出现问题,不仅会影响教育政策问题的解决效果,有时甚至会使问题更加恶化,直至导致教育政策行为的失败。[第一段]  相似文献   

7.
以“加强研究生教育的系统性”政策的实施为例,对日本研究生教育政策评价的机制进行了研究,指出其政策评价机制贯穿了政策实施的全过程且具有鲜明的特征,包括管办分离的评价主体、公正灵活的评价标准、前后呼应的评价内容、以评促建的评价功能以及全面透明的结果发布等。  相似文献   

8.
伴随着教育政策研究的不断深入,教育政策的评价问题逐渐进入到人们的视野。同属亚洲文化圈的日本,在世纪之交完成了教育政策评价机制的构建,将之统筹在政府政策评价的总体框架之下。日本教育政策评价方式相对多样、辅以配套支持措施、注重评价结果反馈,通过多种手段充分保证教育政策评价的科学、有效。  相似文献   

9.
评价机制改革难,这是事实,人才标准改变难,也是事实,教育观念更新难,还是事实。不过,推进课程改革、实施素质教育究竟难在哪里呢?回顾我们的教育历程,反思教育现状,最让人触目惊心的莫过于教育政策执行难。  相似文献   

10.
本文在阐述教育政策伦理的基础上,具体讨论了教育政策伦理评价的公平与效率标准,最后,结合和谐社会建设的要求,提出了在和谐社会建设中的教育政策的伦理选择和安排.  相似文献   

11.
我国高等教育学费政策的理念和现实   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
我国高等教育学费的核心问题是当前的学费水平是否过高,而学费水平高低与所依据的比较标准有很大关联。一般的方法是把学费与生均教育成本相比较,在比较时又存在着理念和现实两个层次。从现实角度来看,我国的学费偏高,但是,这种现象背后也存在着多种解释的可能性。今后我国学费政策的可能趋势是控制学费上涨的幅度,同时政府拨出专款加强和完善助学制度。  相似文献   

12.
This is an examination of the criteria for determining if equitable education occurs through desegregation and the effects of other educational programs on these criteria—access, participation, and outcomes. Equity in access may not provide equity in either participation or outcome. Other federal educational policies may interfere with the achievement of equitable education by all three criteria.  相似文献   

13.
Abstract

Private education in our country is a novelty that has grown up outside the public education system, and the formulation and implementation of policies on private education often involves several government departments, in an act of cooperative decision making between multiple government departments. As a result, the effectiveness of the formulation and implementation of policies on private education is, in a certain sense, dependent on the degree of coordination between various government departments, while also being subject to the impact of whether timely adjustments have been made to existing regulations. This characteristic of policies on private education is suited to analysis from the perspective of organizational behavior and decision-making models. The slow progress on the three private education policies related to reasonable returns, independent colleges, and categorized management is a typical example of organizational behavior and decision-making models.  相似文献   

14.
教育者、教育对象、教育目的、教育内容、教育方法、教育情境等方面的有效性,是思想政治教育有效性的构成要素;思想政治教育有效性科学评价的标准为:思想政治教育是否具符合目的性;思想政治教育是否能够转化为教育对象实际行动的指南;思想政治教育是否能满足促进教育对象全面发展的需要;教育对象是否具有良好的思想政治素质。  相似文献   

15.
Across the country, states are considering policies that support civic learning among youth. Recent initiatives at the state level have changed graduation requirements and state assessments around high school civics. These initiatives can be grouped into three types: coursework, assessments, and accountability. The first type, coursework, refers to whether a state’s graduation requirements include a course in civics. The second, assessments, encompasses state requirements that students be assessed on civics or citizenship education. The third type, accountability, refers to whether a state’s accountability system includes state assessments in civics or citizenship education. The purpose of this study is threefold: (1) to describe state policies in civics education and the variation in them among the American states, (2) to document the changes in state policies between 2004 and 2016, and (3) to help unpack the reasons behind changes to civics education policy among the American states. We find considerable variation in civics education policies across states, as well as substantial changes within states over time. Using event history analysis, we exploit the variation to examine the extent to which political, economic, and demographic factors inside a state as well as the actions of neighboring or regional states condition adoption of assessment policies. We find evidence that the proportion of Hispanic and black populations in a state are positively associated with adoption and discuss implications and areas for future research.  相似文献   

16.
Reconceptualizing the evaluation of teaching in higher education   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
Trends within higher education in the United States and Canadasuggest that, although there are calls for recognition of teaching as ascholarly activity, teaching is not perceived to be a significant aspect ofscholarly work. Furthermore, policies, procedures, and criteria for theevaluation of teaching in higher education contribute to the marginalizationof teaching within the reward structures of universities and colleges.Evaluation policies, procedures, and criteria tend to (1) emphasizetechnical, rather than substantive aspects of teaching, (2) focus on processrather than outcomes, (3) lack strategic concern for the use of evaluationdata within the institution, and (4) are devoid of the very substancethrough which academics derive a sense of identity – their discipline.Recommendations are offered for evaluating three aspects of teaching:planning, implementation, and results. Within each aspect, conceptualarguments and practical solutions are suggested for establishing criteria,deciding on sources of data, and determining the nature of data that must begathered. The goal is to set in place evaluation policies, procedures, andcriteria that will be perceived as rigorous and credible alongside moretraditional forms of scholarship, while respecting the diversity of contextsand disciplinary identities within universities and colleges. Sevenprinciples for evaluation of teaching are proposed.  相似文献   

17.
高等教育入学机会在中国历来是一种相当稀缺的资源。高等教育入学机会的分配与国家的高校招生政策密切相关。自1949年以来,我国高校招生政策历经变迁,大致经历了三个阶段:新中国成立初期;教育“革命”时期(包括文革时期);改革开放后。在不同时期,机会的供给主体、机会的分配标准、机会的分配方式,以及机会向谁开放、为谁所享有等方面存在很大差异,形成了对教育机会分配的不同模式。  相似文献   

18.
In this article, we quantitatively assess education policy change in OECD countries. While research has frequently underlined the importance of international exchange for national policy development, it is yet unclear whether resulting policies are converging. By distinguishing different kinds of education policy goals, we hypothesise that indicators related to macro-level goals are more likely to converge than those related to implementation. We then analyse the development of several education policies since the 1990s. We find strong convergence of some indicators and among some groups of countries, but no clear pattern emerges. Convergence is only partially influenced by the abstractness of education policy goals, and in particular the Scandinavian countries seem to pursue their own approaches in important education policy options.  相似文献   

19.
This paper discusses the alternative structure of engineering courses in Italy and how they prepare graduated engineers for entrance into the production field. It is stressed that a rational approach is necessary to face the problem of satisfactorily matching the increasing requirements of cultural and professional education to the response of the educational system in the scientific and technological area. This in turn requires an evaluation of development policies according to specific criteria, which may help international mobility in education.  相似文献   

20.
比较视野下中英高等教育质量保障体系探析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
英国作为高等教育质量保障体系较为完善的国家之一,其质量保障体系优于我国。中英两国高等教育质量保障的历史背景和发展状况有所不同,比较两国高等教育质量保障体系在政策法规、评估标准、评估主体、评估队伍专业性以及评估结果的不同,并从政治背景、传统文化和实践历史长短的角度分析两国高等教育质量保障体系差异存在的原因,可以为我国高等教育质量保障体系的进一步发展和完善提供借鉴。  相似文献   

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