共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 87 毫秒
1.
通过三维摄影对我国优秀男子背越式跳高运动员在助跑最后一步和起跳阶段摆动腿的支撑与摆动技术的运动学特征进行分析,结果表明,助跑最后一步和起跳阶段摆动腿的支撑与摆动技术对身体重心的运动状况具有重要的影响. 相似文献
2.
1．背越式跳高起跳技术结构
田径跳跃技术一般被划分为助跑、起跳、过杆（腾空）和落地四个技术阶段。起跳技术阶段是指人体由水平运动转变为向前上运动阶段，人体直线助跑起跳产生起跳腾起初速度的动力是在起跳腿单腿支撑阶段跳获得的，而背越式跳高弧线助跑起跳的动力，不仅是在起跳腿单支撑阶段由起跳腿工作肌完成退让和克制工作所获得的。 相似文献
3.
男子背越式跳高运动员助跑最后一步摆动腿支撑技术的运动学分析 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
运用影片拍摄及解析的方法对我国优秀男子背越式跳高运动员摆动腿在助跑最后一步支撑过程的运动学特征进行了分析，得出我国优秀男子背越式跳高运动员在助跑最后一步支撑过程中身体重心的运动轨迹，重心速度，位移等运动变化情况，同时证明，在助跑最后一步摆动腿的支撑技术对身体重心的运动状况具有重要的影响。 相似文献
4.
背越式跳高起跳技术主要由起跳腿的蹬伸技术与摆动腿的摆动技术所组成。目前,大多数人们集中于跳高起跳的"蹬伸"技术研究,对起跳阶段的"摆动"技术研究相对较少。文章运用现场技术录像和运动图像解析的方法,对我国优秀男子跳高运动员在起跳阶段摆动技术进行解析研究,结果表明:我国优秀男子跳高运动员起跳前摆动腿最大缓冲幅度比较大;在起跳阶段摆动腿蹬离瞬间,摆动腿膝关节角度变化较小。背越式跳高起跳过程中的摆动腿缓冲阶段,身体重心的高度、摆动腿膝角的变化情况与助跑水平速度的损失有显著性相关。助跑最后一步摆动腿的伸膝角度、伸膝速度与起跳腿着地时摆动腿的摆动速度、摆动腿离地后的最大摆动速度都有高度的相关性。 相似文献
5.
一、现代背越式跳高起跳技术特征
背越式跳高起跳是从助跑最后一步摆动腿垂直支撑开始到起跳腿蹬离地面结束,经历了两次支撑、两次摆动和一次短暂腾空的“两步”中完成的,是两条腿共同参与完成的“双动力”起跳。助跑最后一步摆动腿支撑蹬伸阶段是起跳的开始和发动部分,是起跳的（原动力）第一动力源; 相似文献
6.
背越式跳高“双动力”起跳技术理论研究 总被引：6，自引：2，他引：4
苏斌 《西安体育学院学报》2005,22(5):73-75
运用运动生物力学研究法,分析了背越式跳高弧线助跑起跳过程中身体重心和垂直速度的变化规律,认为背越式跳高起跳身体重心由低向高不断加速上升,垂直速度是由小到大不断加速增大,是从助跑最后一步摆动腿垂直支撑开始到起跳腿蹬离地面结束的“两步”中完成的,起跳垂直速度是摆动腿支撑和起跳腿支撑下的“双动力”起跳中获得。弧线助跑起跳最大的优越性是经济实效地降低和升高身体重心,为身体重心运动方向提早转变和垂直速度提早积累创造有利条件。 相似文献
7.
《体育科技文献通报》2002,(9)
G823.1背越式跳高助跑倒二步技术在起跳中的作用=Therun-up in the back-over jump the important roleof the technique of“two-step back”in take off[刊,中,B]/朱志平//体育科学研究.-2001.-5(4).-35-36参6(LF)跳高//助跑//技术//起跳//作用//背越式跳高弧线助跑倒二步是背越式跳高技术中的重要环节。重点论述倒二步技术在整个背越式跳高中起跳起着重要作用,希望教练员、运动员要加以重视。 相似文献
8.
背越式跳高助跑起跳衔接技术原理及其训练 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
阳国诚 《武汉体育学院学报》2005,39(6):87-88,95
运用背越式跳高运动学参数,构建了国内外优秀背越式跳高运动员助跑起跳动作技术模型。借鉴力学理论,对背越式跳高助跑起跳及其衔接技术原理进行了分析研究,并提出了背越式跳高快速助跑起跳训练的练习手段。 相似文献
9.
1968年第19届墨西哥奥运会迪·福斯贝里创造的"背越式"跳高距今已有几十个春秋,该项技术由创立到现在人们一直在研究,从外形到内在机制,对背越式跳高的认识由起跳腿起跳过渡到以摆动腿起跳这样的高度,为进一步认识背越式跳高技术奠定基础。长期以来,人们在过分强调背越式跳高中的高速助跑,漂亮的背弓的同时,却一直在轻视摆动腿的重要作用。助跑最后一步摆动腿技术动作是背越式跳高技术中的重要组成部分,具有承上启下的作用,是助跑与起跳紧密衔接的枢纽,同时,起跳技术完成的效果与这一步的动作质量密切相关,深刻认识跳高技术的内涵,深化技术的理解,这不仅是正确选择训练方法和手段的前提,也是实现科学训练的基础。 相似文献
10.
背越式跳高助跑倒二步技术在起跳中的作用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
弧线助跑倒二步是背越式跳高技术中重要的环节.重点论述倒二步技术在整个背越式跳高中起跳起着重要作用,希望教练员、运动员要加以重视. 相似文献
11.
This study examined the effect of carbohydrate ingestion on metabolic and performance-related responses during and after a simulated 1h cycling time trial. Eight trained male cyclists (VO 2 peak = 66.5ml kg -1 min -1 ) rode their own bicycles mounted on a windload simulator to imitate real riding conditions. At a self-selected maximal pace, the cyclists performed two 1h rides (separated by 7 days) and were fed either an 8% carbohydrate or placebo solution. The beverages were administered 25 min before (4.5ml kg -1 ) and at the end (4.5ml kg -1 ) of the ride. With carbohydrate feeding, plasma glucose tended (P = 0.21) to rise before the time trial. Compared with rest, the plasma glucose concentration decreased significantly (P < 0.05) at the end of both rides, with no statistically significant difference being observed between treatments. Thereafter, plasma glucose increased significantly (P < 0.05) at 15 and 30 min into recovery, and was significantly higher at 30 min during the carbohydrate trial compared with the placebo trial. No significant changes in plasma free fatty acids were observed during the ride. However, a significant increase (P < 0.05) in free fatty acids was found at 15 and 30 min into recovery, with no difference between trials. Mean power output was significantly (P < 0.05) greater during the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (mean - S.E.: 277-3 and 269-3W, respectively). The greater distance covered in the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (41.5-1.06 and 41.0–1.06km, respectively; P < 0.05) was equivalent to a 44s improvement. We conclude that pre-exercise carbohydrate ingestion significantly increases endurance performance in trained cyclists during a 1h simulated time trial. Although the mechanism for this enhancement in performance with carbohydrate ingestion cannot be surmised from the present results, it could be related to a higher rate of carbohydrate oxidation, or to favourable effects of carbohydrate ingestion on the central component of fatigue. 相似文献
12.
Roy J. Shephard 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(7):603-620
The biology and medicine of rowing are briefly reviewed. Effort in a 2000 -m race is about 70% aerobic. Because the boat (and in some instances a cox) must be propelled, successful competitors are very tall, with a large lean mass and aerobic power. Large hearts may lead to erroneous diagnoses of a cardiomyopathy. Large respiratory minute volumes must be developed by chest muscles that are also involved in rowing. The vital capacity is typically large, and breathing becomes entrained. Expiration cannot be slowed relative to inspiration (as normally occurs at high rates of ventilation) and the limiting flow velocity may be reached, with the potential for airway collapse. Performance is strongly related to the power output at the ‘anaerobic threshold’, and lactate measures provide a guide to an appropriate intensity of endurance training. Peak blood lactate levels are higher in males (commonly 11–19 mmol·l -1 and occasionally as high as 25 mmol·l -1) than in females (9–11 mmol·l -1), probably because males have a greater muscle mass in relation to blood volume. The skeletal muscles are predominantly slow twitch in type, developing an unusual force and power at low contraction velocities. Many rowers have a suboptimal diet, eating excessive amounts of fat. Lightweight rowers also have problems of weight cycling. Aerobic power and muscle endurance often change by 10% over the season, but such fluctuations can be largely avoided by a well-designed winter training programme. Injuries include back and knee problems, tenosynovitis of the wrist and, since the introduction of large blades, fractures of the costae. 相似文献
13.
Alan M. Nevill Roger L. Holder Andrew Bardsley Helen Calvert Stephen Jones 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(4):437-443
A regression analysis of competitors' tournament results in relation to their world rankings was proposed to identify the effect of home advantage in international ‘grand-slam’ tennis and ‘major’ golf tournaments. The results provided little evidence of home advantage in either the grand-slam tennis or the golf tournaments held in 1993. The only possible evidence of home advantage was found in the Wimbledon tennis and the US Open golf championships. Even these findings can be explained, at least partially, by (1) the availability of information concerning the low world rankings of the British tennis players competing at Wimbledon, and (2) selective entry, allowing only the world's top-ranked foreign golfers into the US open golf tournament. In both cases, the lower ranking home competitors have a greater opportunity to perform above their anticipated world rankings. Therefore, provided entry into tennis and golf tournaments is truly ‘open’ to both the host nation's representatives and foreign competitors alike, home advantage does not appear to be a major factor influencing the competitors' performance in such competitions. These findings may be explained by the relatively objective nature of the scoring systems used in tennis and golf, unlike the subjective influence of refereeing decisions on the results of team-games such as soccer. 相似文献
14.
许良 《体育科技文献通报》2011,19(2):1-4
基于1985、1995和2005年全国学生体质调研数据,对各时期我国城乡学生形态、机能、体能发展水平进行系统地定量研究,动态分析20年全国城乡学生体质发展的特点与规律。主要研究结果：（1）近20年城乡学生生长发育持续提前,城市学生各项形态指标生长水平高于乡村,身高城乡差距缩小,体重、胸围城乡差距加大;（2）城市学生肺活量水平高于乡村,城乡学生肺活量20年持续下降,前10年乡村学生下降快、后10年城市学生下降快;（3）乡村学生800m、1000m跑水平高于城市,城市女生50m跑、仰卧起坐水平高于乡村,其他素质城乡学生水平波动较大;（4）城市女生50m跑20年持续下降,城乡学生800m和1000m跑、城市学生50m×8往返跑20年加速下降,其他素质20年间有增有降发展极不平稳。 相似文献
15.
采用测量、问卷调查、数理统计等方法,分析定向运动学习前后对大学生身心健康的影响.结果经T检验和x2检验且表明：定向运动不仅能增强学生体质健康水平,而且有助于学生的情绪调节,增强自信心与创新意识,培养勇敢顽强的意志品质,建立良好的人际关系,能有效地促进学生身心健康发展.为了全面提高大学生整体素质,积极实践,构建定向运动课内外一体化教学模式,进行定向运动课程模块化教学,以满足学生的多元化需求. 相似文献
16.
17.
重新认识体育的社会关联 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
体育与政治之间存在一个悖论，体育的发展与经济实力之间没有直线相关，体育与教育部分重叠，体育与宗教最为近缘，体育可借用科学手段，体育的艺术禀性日益明显，体育与养生反映着两种人生观。 相似文献
18.
本文在专家访谈、问卷调查、数理统计和文献资料分析的基础上,探析了上海社区体育竞赛参与者的特点、参与者对社区体育赛事运作管理的看法等问题。在此基础上从引进社区体育赛事的志愿者、整合社区体育赛事的各种资源、开发社区体育竞赛的无形资产、组建非营利性的专业团队、规范社区体育赛事的服务管理等方面提出了进一步满足上海社区居民日益增长的体育竞赛参赛需求的对策与措施。 相似文献
19.
对全面把握游泳训练环节的探讨 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
从系统观点出发,结合训练实践,对全面把握游泳训练环节进行探讨。认为应强化非智力因素在运动员多年训练中的作用,在育材全过程中不断选材,从整体上把握动态训练的全过程,把培养高水平运动员的整个过程置于一个严格的科学控制之下。 相似文献