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1.
国际高等教育融资比较与启示 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
从美国、英国、日本、印度、澳大利亚等高等教育大国的融资途径与政策来看,各国高等教育融资既各具特色,又呈现出一些共同趋势与规律:除继续坚持以财政经费为主要来源外,各国还通过高校自筹、教育金融和社会捐赠等多种渠道进行融资。公立和私立高校的非财政性经费来源都并不纯粹依赖于学杂费的收取,而是更注重发挥高校优势增加对外销售与服务收入,以及利用资本市场与多种金融手段筹集资金。 相似文献
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This paper examines the relationship between the World Bank and the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) between the 1960s and the 1980s. It focuses on the Co-operative Program (CP) between the two organizations, which was established in 1964 and lasted officially until 1989. In the context of the Co-operative Program, the Education Financing Division (EFD) was established, a joint unit located in UNESCO, with the purpose of carrying out technical missions to assist governments in the identification and preparation of educational projects and the formulation of funding requests to the World Bank. Drawing on archival research and interviews with former UNESCO and World Bank officials, the paper traces the history of the Co-operative Program, which was characterized by intense power struggles exacerbated by Cold War tensions. During the 25 years of the duration of the Co-operative Program, the World Bank developed into the most influential policy shaper for education in developing countries, while the influence of UNESCO, created in the post-World War II order as the United Nations’ designated organization for education, declined. Using Bourdieu’s concept of fields and DiMaggio and Powell’s concept of isomorphism as analytical lenses, the World Bank’s expansion to a development agency will be explained by its greater autonomy as a field, endowed with more capital based on the rationalization of education and isomorphic processes of professionalization of the “field of power” of educational planning. To the detriment of UNESCO, the World Bank became the powerhouse of a global governance structure that was built with support from the United States government and furthered by the rise of economics. 相似文献
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This paper argues that key aspects of UNESCO's organizational culture are a major impediment to the realization of its important educational agenda. Drawing upon sustained observations over a four-year period, the paper describes the nature and consequences of UNESCO's highly ritualized and ‘inward-oriented’ work activities, especially the weak links between what happens at Headquarters and the realities on the ground in formal and non-formal educational frameworks worldwide. By establishing a more open, interactive and egalitarian organizational milieu, focused on collaborative learning and knowledge creation, accumulation and dissemination, this paper argues that these linkages can be tightened. A genuine learning-oriented culture at UNESCO would encourage professional empowerment, independent thinking, human resource development, greater dialogue and critical debate, and the creation and dissemination of quality publications. Thus, for UNESCO to regain its leadership role in the education world and effectively serve as a broker of innovative ideas and effective programs, it must overcome the stultifying tendencies of its current organizational culture and find ways to develop dynamic learning cultures both from without and from within. 相似文献
4.
《Higher Education in Europe》1977,2(6):26-28
Participation in its various forms is generally aimed at getting students to play cm increasingly important part in educational planning and administration, thus contributing to the democratization both of educational institutions and of the subject‐matter taught. It may also have another potential function: to maximize educational resources by encouraging students to combine education with productive work, thus helping to solve the problem many countries have of financing education.
The information presented below is based on a UNESCO sponsored study of the present state and development of youth institutions and services in the UNESCO European Region. 相似文献
5.
＂多语世界中的教育＂是联合国教科文组织在语言和教育问题上重要的立场文件和国际规约,表达了成员国在这一领域的共同观点,该文件自2003年正式颁布以来成为各成员国在语言和教育领域制定相关政策的重要依据。这份立场文件涉及语言和教育的关键问题,提供了必要的指导纲要和原则,试图厘清语言与教育有关的政策,并就多语世界中的教育提出了三项基础性原则：（1）作为提高教育质量,帮助学习者和教师建立知识和经验的手段和方法,联合国教科文组织支持母语教学;（2）作为促进社会和性别平等的手段,作为语言多样化的关键部分,联合国教科文组织支持双语和多语教育;（3）作为跨文化教育的基本部分,联合国教科文组织支持语言教育,鼓励不同人口之间的理解,保证对基本权利的尊重。 相似文献
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新形势下对完善我国中小企业融资体系的思考 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
中小企业融资难，限制了其在社会经济生活中积极作用的发挥，也凸显了中国金融的结构性缺陷，即建立在现存金融工具结构、金融组织结构、金融市场结构基础上的融资体系无法很好地满足中小企业的融资需求。本文先从宏观层面上考察了融资使用效率对全方位提高中小企业的融资能力的影响，再从微观角度对中小企业融资结构进行分析，并结合发达国家成功经验，从中小企业融资体系的确立层面上探讨解决我国中小企业融资难的对策。 相似文献
8.
刘慧芳 《新疆职业大学学报》2010,18(4):24-26
企业融资是现代企业经营决策的一项重要内容。融资结构是公司经营决策的基础和依据,融资结构的选择在很大程度上决定着公司绩效的高低。西方发达国家的理论和实证研究表明：一定的负债对企业提高自身价值是有益的;同时,企业融资是有顺序的,即应首选内源融资,若需外源融资,应首选举债,然后才发行股票。而我国的一些研究表明,我国上市公司的融资顺序与西方现代资本结构理论关于融资优序原则存在明显的冲突。 相似文献
9.
胡玲 《大学.研究与评价》2008,(11):82-89
概述了联合国教科文组织对教育质量概念的认识过程、以及定义、监测和评估的现状和框架;总结了来自四个优质教育国家提高教育质量可资借鉴的经验;并对联合国教科文组织第47届国际教育大会关于提高教育质量本世纪初面临的挑战与优先行动目标予以介绍。期望以教科文组织的视角,从世界范围内对我们提高教育质量问题的认识有所启发。 相似文献
10.
Maren Elfert 《International Review of Education/Internationale Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft/Revue internationale l'éducation》2013,59(2):263-287
Created in 1945 as a specialised agency of the United Nations (UN), the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) was given, among other mandates, the task of reconstructing education systems devastated during the Second World War. UNESCO, in turn, and after some debate about an engagement in Germany, founded the UNESCO Institute for Education (UIE) in Hamburg in 1952. This paper traces the development of an institute which was founded to contribute to social renewal in war-torn Germany and Europe, functioned as a mediator between Western and Eastern countries during the Cold War and later shifted its geographical focus to developing countries. The institute was instrumental in conceptualising lifelong learning as a global educational paradigm, as well as in shaping the shift from education to learning and the concept of literacy as a “continuum”. The author is particularly interested in the nature of the institute’s niche which secured its survival in the uncertain domain of educational multilateralism in the past six decades. 相似文献
11.
在金融危机的影响下,中小企业的生存状态更加严峻,许多中小企业在借贷无门的情况下,不得不从民间融资市场上寻求资金支持。在珠三角地区,民间融资在解决中小企业融资难的同时也存在着许多问题,如企业规避法律的融资现象大量存在,企业非法集资行为屡禁不止、民间融资利率飙升等,不仅破坏了稳定的金融秩序和社会秩序,而且阻碍了珠三角中小企业的健康发展。因此,我们应该在法律上使民间融资合法化,加强对民间融资的监督和引导,规范民间融资的借贷利率,并且结合民间融资的具体状况,建立民间金融体系,从而促进地区金融体制的改革和创新,带动地区经济的进一步发展。 相似文献
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曹中红 《安徽广播电视大学学报》2007,(2):54-57
现代融资理论的"融资定律"在西方发达国家得到了普遍验证.而在我国,上市公司整体性背离优序融资理论,表现出强烈的股权融资偏好.这一现象在实践中对公司融资后的资本使用效率、公司成长和公司治理、投资者利益等方面都是不利的.文章通过国际比较来分析我国上市公司融资现状及其体制渊源,并提出对策建议. 相似文献
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曹中红 《安徽广播电视大学学报》2007,(2):54-57
现代融资理论的“融资定律”在西方发达国家得到了普遍验证。而在我国,上市公司整体性背离优序融资理论,表现出强烈的股权融资偏好。这一现象在实践中对公司融资后的资本使用效率、公司成长和公司治理、投资者利益等方面都是不利的。文章通过国际比较来分析我国上市公司融资现状及其体制渊源,并提出对策建议。 相似文献
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金融互联网到互联网金融的发展是时代和观念变化的产物,互联网因素并没有改变互联网金融的金融功能和金融本质,这决定了金融领域仍是监管和规制的出发点和落脚点.互联网金融的核心争议不仅在于网络融资的合法性问题和风险性评估,更在于其中前置性法规和刑事性法律的脱节和滞后.网络融资的基本方式决定了多元化的法律关系和法律风险.与网络融资行为密切相关的刑法罪名包括非法吸收公众存款罪、集资诈骗罪、擅自设立金融机构罪和非法经营罪,是否构成各罪取决于网络融资平台本身的运营模式和事实行为.刑法应该坚守“二次违法性”理论的底线,在行政犯问题上保持行政违法性和刑事违法性的统一.因此必须尽快完善监管法律法规,而非轻言刑事法律的介入. 相似文献
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论UNESCO与WTO在高等教育国际化进程中的不同倾向 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本文在分析了UNESCO和WTO两大国际组织的不同性质和宗旨的基础上,从约束成员国的方式、国际化进程的主要方式、对高等教育属性的认识、对高校学术研究的态度、主要合作对象以及发展中国家的地位六个方面,对两者在推动高等教育国际化进程中的不同倾向进行分析和归类,以促进我们对高等教育国际化有一个更加全面的理解. 相似文献
16.
丁涛 《金陵职业大学学报》2014,(3):40-43
知识产权质押融资是我国科技型中小企业解决资金难题的重要手段。科技银行是科技创新与金融创新相结合的产物,我国科技银行发展历史不长,但在知识产权质押融资平台构建、利率确定、绩效考核、风险补偿方面积累了一定的经验。我国科技银行还需在战略性新兴产业服务、风险与收益匹配等方面进行进一步探索。 相似文献
17.
《International Journal of Educational Development》1999,19(1):91-100
This paper analyzes UNESCO as an institutional carrier of civics education information throughout the world. The first section of the paper presents a brief history of civics education in UNESCO, illustrating the central role of UNESCO in civics education development. The second section presents findings from a cross-national analysis of UNESCO's effect on civics education material from 1955 to 1995 in 42 countries. Findings from this analysis indicate that UNESCO significantly influenced the extent to which these countries emphasize global civics content in their educational material. Results also suggest that wealthier countries in the analysis are more likely to emphasize civics content that is global in orientation. In addition, it appears that among these wealthier countries, Western European countries are less likely to emphasize global civics content. 相似文献
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我国小微企业在发展过程中遇到的最普遍问题就是融资难,而融资难的最大障碍就是信用担保体系不健全。我国小微企业融资担保体系存在担保放大倍数小、风险分担比例不合理、缺乏资金补偿机制、相关法律法规缺失、担保机构"傍大款"等问题。借鉴发达国家信用担保体系法律法规完备、申请机制高效、担保对象重点突出等经验。我们应健全我国小微企业融资担保体系框架,完善小微企业融资担保风险分散与控制机制,提升为小微企业提供金融服务的质量,为解决小微企业融资难创造条件。 相似文献
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肖后宝 《邵阳学院学报(社会科学版)》2011,10(4):36-39
金融是市场经济的核心,每个国家经济的发展都离不开金融的参与和支持。我国国民经济的发展和金融的关系一般表现为国民经济的发展推动了金融的发展,凤阳县作为中部欠发达县域,其国民经济和金融之间的关系也是如此。在对这二者关系进一步分析,发现了凤阳县存在严重的金融抑制,存贷款比例不合理,贷款比率过低,融资渠道有限,以及对第二和第三产业的资金支持不够等问题。因此,加强金融深化,拓宽融资渠道,加大对第二和第三产业的资金支持,释放金融发展对经济增长的巨大推动力是凤阳县经济想要取得长远发展的关键。 相似文献