共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Lawrence S. Wrightsman Jr. 《Journal of Experimental Education》2013,81(4):367-370
Monte Carlo methods were employed to evaluate the degree to which canonical function and structure coefficients may be differentially sensitive to sampling error. Sampling error influences were investigated across variations in variable and sample sizes, across variations in average within-set correlation sizes, and in across-set population correlation sizes. Sixty-four different research situations were investigated, and for each situation 1,000 random samples were drawn. Results suggest that both sets of coefficients are roughly equally influenced by sampling error, except perhaps when some intradomain correlation coefficients are quite large. Thus, the case for emphasizing interpretation of structure coefficients must be made on a psychometric basis rather than on the grounds that structure coefficients are less sensitive to sampling error influences, notwithstanding the positions previously taken by some theorists. 相似文献
2.
Phonological analysis of the speech of five children with Down syndrome was compared across single word samples elicited from tests and connected speech samples elicited during play. Analyses indicated that connected speech samples provided fewer total words and word tokens and, in some cases, failed to target certain later developing phonemes. CVCs were similarly represented across single word and connected speech samples, but differences across the sampling conditions included an over‐representation of clusters and an under‐representation of VC and CV forms in single word samples. Overall accuracy for vowels was greater than for consonant production, but no difference in phoneme accuracy was found across the conditions. Differences in phonetic inventories for some subjects indicated the possibility that children may, in their connected speech, avoid phonemes which they have yet to master. Phonological process analysis indicated that differences across the two conditions were restricted to their relative impact on each subject's overall intelligibility. Both similarities and differences with previous studies comparing sampling conditions with other populations are discussed, as are clinical implications. 相似文献
3.
EXCEL在抽样分布教学中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
统计学中推断统计学的教学,抽样分布这一概念既是重点又是难点,在教学中,运用EXCEL进行抽样分布试验,能使学生从试验基础上对抽样分布的内涵有深刻理解。掌握抽样分布,学好参数估计、假设检验内容,EXCEL是突破统计学难点的有力工具。 相似文献
4.
矩阵取样技术对解决教育等社会科学领域大规模调查中的较低应答率和较差的数据质量问题具有独特价值,在大规模测评中所获得的测评结果具有更高的群体代表性和稳定性。依照每个测评项目的测验目的,考虑对测验结果参数估计准确性的具体要求、综合权衡测验开发中的各种相关成本、选择题册设计方式,从而确定具体的方案是该项技术实际运用过程中必须慎重对待的三个基本问题。 相似文献
5.
教育研究的抽样问题——有目的抽样 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
教育研究常常遇到抽样的问题，而我们阐述较多的是如何使用随机抽样以保证教育研究的科学性。对使用较多的有目的抽样则阐述较少。本以随机抽样的局限性为引子，集中对教育科研中有目的抽样的含义、变式、以及如何应用做了初步的探讨，以期引起研究的重视。 相似文献
6.
While quality measures in higher education in general have gained significant and growing attention over the past 30 years, questions remain about quality in open universities. This research was an international comparative case study focusing on perceptions of quality and quality assurance (QA) in learner support areas at open universities. The goal of the study was to explore and understand the concept of quality and QA in three open universities in Southeast Asia from the perspectives of practitioners, instructors, and administrators serving in learner support areas. Results indicate that staff at all three institutions view satisfying students as the primary quality criterion in learner support areas, while their conceptualizations of QA focus on the importance of quality guidelines (standard operating procedures) as the roadmap to meeting individual quality criteria. 相似文献
7.
This paper introduces some methods about how to carry out quality -oriented education in English class. With joining the WTO, international culture communication and other aspects relation have been increased a lot. English has become more and more important in current society. However, a lot of Chinese students could not master English completely. Therefore, quality - oriented education, as a new educational concept, is more and more welcome. It is to take student's development, the quality enhancement as the essential target. English teaching is a part of quality -oriented education. I expect these would be animating English tcaching in school. 相似文献
8.
Abstract The investigation sets out to determine whether in the construction of normreferenced tests the effects of sampling errors in the pre‐testing procedure outweigh the theoretical advantages to be gained in selecting items with the highest discrimination indices. The procedure for pre‐testing and selecting the items is simulated by sampling artificial matrices each representing the scores of a population of examinees on a domain of items. The results indicate that the sampling errors do not have a significant deleterious effect if the samples in the pre‐testing procedure contain more than 50 items and 25 examinees. Moreover, there may be very little to be gained by using larger samples. 相似文献
9.
取样是一种通用有效的近似技术。在数据挖掘研究中,取样方法可显著减小所处理数据集的规模,使得众多数据挖掘算法得以应用到大规模数据集以及数据流数据上。文章在研究了统计学上随机均匀取样方法误差统计和衡量方法的基础上,着重探讨和研究了适用于数据挖掘领域的取样方法衡量标准以及影响取样方法选择的因素等问题,提出了能更好地评估取样质量,尤其是偏倚取样方法取样质量的"取样方法代表性"和"取样偏差"等概念并进行了量化,最后对数据挖掘取样方法的衡量标准和选用研究的后续工作与研究方向进行了阐述。 相似文献
10.
Rajiah Simon 《Resonance》2002,7(2):20-25
K S Krishnan discovered in 1948 that the sum over samples of a band-limited function gives the value of the integral of the function exactly, provided the sampling interval does not exceed a threshold value. This result of Krishnan is shown to be equivalent to the Shannon sampling theorem. 相似文献
11.
Gary W. Phillips 《教育实用测度》2015,28(1):33-47
This article proposes that sampling design effects have potentially huge unrecognized impacts on the results reported by large-scale district and state assessments in the United States. When design effects are unrecognized and unaccounted for they lead to underestimating the sampling error in item and test statistics. Underestimating the sampling errors, in turn, results in unanticipated instability in the testing program and an increase in Type I errors in significance tests. This is especially true when the standard error of equating is underestimated. The problem is caused by the typical district and state practice of using nonprobability cluster-sampling procedures, such as convenience, purposeful, and quota sampling, then calculating statistics and standard errors as if the samples were simple random samples. 相似文献
12.
Helen Joy Benzie 《高等教育研究与发展》2010,29(4):447-459
The current concern about low levels of English proficiency among international students who graduate from degree courses – that students’ English language skills are not being developed during their higher education experience – reflects negatively on the quality of Australian higher education and its graduates. More careful selection of students and increased use of English language testing are among the solutions put forward. These debates over English language proficiency tend to construct English language as a skill that can be applied in any context and ‘native‐speaker’‐levels of language ability as essential for employment. Within such a formulation international students can only ever be defined as in deficit. Drawing on socio‐cultural theories of language learning and academic literacy, alternative understandings of language proficiency in internationalized higher education are explored. Improved communication skills among graduates are likely to be achieved through a better understanding of issues beyond classroom instruction, such as barriers to social integration with native‐speakers, which reveal many international students unable to access adequate levels of language experience. Without wider perspectives on the debate over English language proficiency in higher education, the many benefits of having international students in higher education institutions are obscured by negative attitudes and unrealistic expectations. 相似文献
13.
在全球化时代，高等院校学生的全球流动给国际学生输入国的政治、经济以及高等教育带来了重要影响。英国作为国际学生的主要接收国之一，其优质的高等教育吸引着来自世界各地的学生。在新自由主义意识形态、国际教育服务贸易理念与高等教育财政拨款投入制度的影响下，英国逐步向国际学生收取高额学费。英国高校国际学生学费的变化呈现出新的特点，影响着国际学生的来源结构、生源数量与质量，可能导致高校课程调整与师资流失。国际学生学费的变化引发了英国社会对高等教育市场化取向与国际学生公平教育权益的讨论，并实施了将国际学生学费与院校国际教育质量挂钩、以奖助学金形式平衡国际学生学费压力等具体改革举措。 相似文献
14.
Phillip B. Horton Andrew A. McConney Amanda L. Woods Kevin Barry Homer L. Krout Barbara K. Doyle 《科学教学研究杂志》1993,30(8):857-869
To determine if actual practice was consistent with commonly recommended research methods and procedures, this study examined 130 studies reported over a 5-year period in three volumes of the Journal of Research in Science Teaching (JRST). The results were consistent with similar previous analyses (Shaver & Norton, 1980a, 1980b; Wallen & Fraenkel, 1988a) and indicate that appropriate generalizations beyond the confines of the reported studies may be impossible for most (64%) of the JRST studies surveyed. The findings also show that replication studies, which could be employed to offset deficiencies in generalizability, were not commonly encountered (3%) in these 130 reports. In addition, the study results indicate that many researchers (48%) do not properly restrict their conclusions based on the limits imposed by the accessible populations and samples used; nor do they typically provide possible alternative explanations for the outcomes obtained (76%). These findings prompt the following recommendations: 1. A greater awareness and use of replication as a check on generalizability should be encouraged by the science education community. 2. Clearly defined populations (target and accessible) and fully described samples warrant increased attention as report components from authors, reviewers, and editorial board members of JRST. 3. In light of the difficulties inherent in effecting random selection in educational settings, a greater emphasis should be placed on recognizing the limits that the underlying assumptions of inferential statistics place on research conclusions. The results of this study indicate that the methodological quality of published science education research should remain a concern for both practitioners and readers. 相似文献
15.
当前世界各国的基础教育质量监测目标越来越指向国际竞争;监测内容转向学生能力的发掘;监测方法与技术日渐科学化;突出和强调监测的反拨作用。而我国的基础教育监测普遍存在着监测内容不全面、监测机构不独立、监测范围不广等问题。借鉴国际经验,立足本国国情,我国的基础教育质量监测应进一步加强国际交流与合作、建立独立于教育行政体系的监测中介机构、深化评价制度改革、制订教育质量国家标准,从而推动国家基础教育的改革与发展,抢占国家未来发展的战略先机。 相似文献
16.
目标植株图像压缩重构对于图像的高效传输及存储意义重大,同时为后期植株生长状态检测及病虫害识别奠定了基础。传统图像压缩感知方法大多是针对信号在某个特征空间的稀疏性进行的,并没有考虑信号的局部特征与结构化特性,存在重构效率不高、重构精度较低等问题。针对以上情况,提出一种基于非凸低秩优化的压缩感知植株图像重构算法。首先通过KinectV2.0采集植株图像深度数据并进行预处理,结合K-means与Mean-shift聚类算法提取目标植株有效区域,再考虑图像的非局部自相似性,采用加权[lp]范数最小化算法（WSNM）求解低秩优化问题,较好地保留了图像结构细节,最后采用Dog-leg最小二乘算法取代最快下降法进行迭代优化。试验结果证明,该算法在不同采样率下的植株图像重构质量优于其它同类算法,尤其在低采样率下重构效果更为突出。 相似文献
17.
王添淼 《河北师范大学学报(教育科学版)》2021,23(2)
国际中文教育已经开启了一个普及化的新时代,构建一支高水平的师资队伍是推动国际中文教育长期稳定发展的必要条件。为了提升教师质量和数量,亟需构建更为完善的国际中文师资培训体系。美国TESOL(Teaching English to Speakers of Other Language)教师培训模式较为成熟,已经得到全球英语教师和用人单位的高度认可。通过对TESOL项目的培训理念、教学对象、课程培训目标、课程设置和资格认证等方面的深入分析,可以帮助国内学界了解美国TESOL项目的特点,为国际中文师资培训提供切实可行的参考,构建一套专业化、规范化、国际化、统一的国际中文师资培训模式。 相似文献
18.
ABSTRACTAlthough over the past decades the numbers of studies investigating international student mobility and migration (ISM) increased, methodological challenges in empirical research on the topic have remained mainly unaddressed. This is particularly the case for sampling, which is a crucial but often less considered part of qualitative research designs. In this article, we identify three main challenges in qualitative sampling for research into ISM: time, space and international students’ heterogeneities. In addressing those challenges, we theoretically discuss their implications and give empirical examples drawing on our research experiences. We argue for a more reflexive research procedure in studying educational mobility. 相似文献
19.
Theresa Thonhauser 《School Effectiveness & School Improvement》2013,24(3):333-349
The implementation of the ISO 9000 international quality management system in education has become a debated trend. Building on the literature, this study did not attempt to end the debate over ISO 9000 in education but looked at the problem with a new perspective. The purpose of this study was to identify factors that relate to the time required to obtain successful ISO 9000 registration, which may assist administrators in deciding if ISO 9000 may be appropriate for their school, college, or university. As an international issue, the study was based on data collected via telephone interviews with individuals leading ISO 9000 implementation efforts at 30 education institutions in the USA and England that had obtained ISO 9000 registration. The results indicate that there are 7 factors related to the time to ISO 9000 registration. 相似文献
20.
Mark Allan Patton 《Higher Education in Europe》1999,24(2):203-208
The purpose of this article is to detail what has happened to demand for overseas university education by Singaporeans since the economic crisis of 1997. Briefly stated, the demand for education has risen dramatically over the past year in Singapore, but fear of future economic conditions has caused prospective students to switch their target preferences. As most prospective students feel that they cannot afford to enrol in higher education course programmes in Europe and in North America, they are switching their allegiances to higher education systems and programmes in Australia and New Zealand. The real winners in the new market‐place are the international education institutions that have set up operations in Singapore. Schools that have a history of transnational offerings in Singapore have experienced large increases in enrolments, up to 300 per cent in some areas over the past year. These increases have been achieved without the sacrifice of any teaching quality. 相似文献