共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 546 毫秒
1.
国家体委颁布的《篮球教学训练大纲》中明确规定了青少年运动员以防守为主的训练指导思想。篮球运动员基本规律是攻守对抗,在相互制约的过程中,相互促进,使技、战术不断发展 相似文献
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篮球运动防守战术发展的历史回顾 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3
张俊青 《体育成人教育学刊》2003,19(1):53-54
篮球运动防守战术经历了半场人盯人、区域联防、全场紧逼人盯人、全场区域紧逼、综合多变防守的发展历程，篮球运动防守战术的发展，是攻守双方矛盾不断斗争的结果。传统的防守战术在现代篮球运动中，被赋予了新的内涵。防守战术的每一次变革都促进着篮球运动的新的发展。 相似文献
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篮球运动是由进攻与防守交替对抗所组成的一项由若干个体参与的集体性对抗性运动项目。进攻与防守相互制约、又相互依存。个人防守技、战术是全队防守战术的有机组成部分,篮球的攻防技、战术是通过其各体互相配合来实现的,个人防守的技能与整体防守水平的高低紧密相关。个人的防守能力是全队防守的基础,直接影响着全队防守的成效。个人防守能力受多方面因素的影响,主要影响因素为个人身体素质因素、个人技、战术因素、意志品质因素、个人防守的判断与反应因素、进攻方竞技能力因素等。 相似文献
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辩证法认为,事物内部的矛盾性是事物发展的根本原因。贯穿于篮球运动全过程的进攻与防守这对基本矛盾,互相制约、互相对抗,从而推动着篮球运动不断向前发展。进攻技、战术的提高,迫使防守与之相适应,防守技、战术的提高,又对进攻提出新的要求。综观篮球运动发展史,无不是在攻守对抗中前进,在攻守矛盾中发展。就战术而言,近三十年来,进攻战术经历了8字、换位、移动进攻几个 相似文献
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随着篮球技、战术的不断发展，攻守对抗越来越激烈，而作为防守形式之一的综合性防守正是为适应这种发展而产生的。它是在激烈的对抗中，根据防守原则进行攻击性防守的一种协同防守战术。 相似文献
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论篮球运动的攻守对立统一规律 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
谭朕斌 《山东体育学院学报》2005,21(4):91-94
依据篮球运动进攻和防守发展及演变过程,分析了篮球运动的攻防技战术的发展规律.在此基础上,进一步分析了篮球运动进攻与防守的辩证关系、攻守对抗的特点及把握篮球运动攻守对立统一规律的作用：篮球运动进攻与防守既相互对立,又相互促进,攻守对立统一;篮球运动攻守对抗的特点主要表现在攻守转化频繁、准误对抗、攻守平衡的动态性方面. 相似文献
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篮球运动中防守技术的分析和运用 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
通过对当今世界篮球运动“攻守平衡，守中有攻”的竞技理念的演义以及28届奥运会篮球比赛的分析，阐明了影响篮球运动防守水平的主要因素是防守意识、防守战术、运动员身体素质和防守作风，提出了提高篮球防守水平的基本对策。 相似文献
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随着篮球比赛速度的加快,快攻战术配合的成功率日显重要,但在日常教学中常常只重视进攻战术而忽视防守战术的教学与训练。文章运用文献资料的研究方法,为达到篮球运动的攻守均衡,应将防守快攻战术的思想和方法贯穿于教学之中,使学生掌握防守快攻战术的方法,并会在比赛中合理运用。 相似文献
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足球防守战术的实施原则 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
足球比赛是由进攻和防守这一矛盾体构成的，攻防双方通过制约与反制约达到战术体系的动态平衡。现代足球比赛，参赛双方都想从克敌制胜出发，寻找突破点，力争打破对方攻守之间的平衡，使本方取得战术的优势，赢得比赛的主动权。本查阅大量献资料并结合历届世界重大比赛的经典战例，对个人防守和集体防守队员防守的技、战术实施原则进行分析。 相似文献
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一、明确指导思想:攻守矛盾是篮球运动中的基本矛盾。每一个球队都始终在认真研究如何以凌厉的攻击击溃对方的防线和如何以严密的防守破坏对方的进攻。攻守两个方面的相互制约和反制约,促进着攻守技术和战术的不断发展和提高。 相似文献
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This study examined the effect of carbohydrate ingestion on metabolic and performance-related responses during and after a simulated 1h cycling time trial. Eight trained male cyclists (VO 2 peak = 66.5ml kg -1 min -1 ) rode their own bicycles mounted on a windload simulator to imitate real riding conditions. At a self-selected maximal pace, the cyclists performed two 1h rides (separated by 7 days) and were fed either an 8% carbohydrate or placebo solution. The beverages were administered 25 min before (4.5ml kg -1 ) and at the end (4.5ml kg -1 ) of the ride. With carbohydrate feeding, plasma glucose tended (P = 0.21) to rise before the time trial. Compared with rest, the plasma glucose concentration decreased significantly (P < 0.05) at the end of both rides, with no statistically significant difference being observed between treatments. Thereafter, plasma glucose increased significantly (P < 0.05) at 15 and 30 min into recovery, and was significantly higher at 30 min during the carbohydrate trial compared with the placebo trial. No significant changes in plasma free fatty acids were observed during the ride. However, a significant increase (P < 0.05) in free fatty acids was found at 15 and 30 min into recovery, with no difference between trials. Mean power output was significantly (P < 0.05) greater during the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (mean - S.E.: 277-3 and 269-3W, respectively). The greater distance covered in the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (41.5-1.06 and 41.0–1.06km, respectively; P < 0.05) was equivalent to a 44s improvement. We conclude that pre-exercise carbohydrate ingestion significantly increases endurance performance in trained cyclists during a 1h simulated time trial. Although the mechanism for this enhancement in performance with carbohydrate ingestion cannot be surmised from the present results, it could be related to a higher rate of carbohydrate oxidation, or to favourable effects of carbohydrate ingestion on the central component of fatigue. 相似文献
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Roy J. Shephard 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(7):603-620
The biology and medicine of rowing are briefly reviewed. Effort in a 2000 -m race is about 70% aerobic. Because the boat (and in some instances a cox) must be propelled, successful competitors are very tall, with a large lean mass and aerobic power. Large hearts may lead to erroneous diagnoses of a cardiomyopathy. Large respiratory minute volumes must be developed by chest muscles that are also involved in rowing. The vital capacity is typically large, and breathing becomes entrained. Expiration cannot be slowed relative to inspiration (as normally occurs at high rates of ventilation) and the limiting flow velocity may be reached, with the potential for airway collapse. Performance is strongly related to the power output at the ‘anaerobic threshold’, and lactate measures provide a guide to an appropriate intensity of endurance training. Peak blood lactate levels are higher in males (commonly 11–19 mmol·l -1 and occasionally as high as 25 mmol·l -1) than in females (9–11 mmol·l -1), probably because males have a greater muscle mass in relation to blood volume. The skeletal muscles are predominantly slow twitch in type, developing an unusual force and power at low contraction velocities. Many rowers have a suboptimal diet, eating excessive amounts of fat. Lightweight rowers also have problems of weight cycling. Aerobic power and muscle endurance often change by 10% over the season, but such fluctuations can be largely avoided by a well-designed winter training programme. Injuries include back and knee problems, tenosynovitis of the wrist and, since the introduction of large blades, fractures of the costae. 相似文献
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许良 《体育科技文献通报》2011,19(2):1-4
基于1985、1995和2005年全国学生体质调研数据,对各时期我国城乡学生形态、机能、体能发展水平进行系统地定量研究,动态分析20年全国城乡学生体质发展的特点与规律。主要研究结果：（1）近20年城乡学生生长发育持续提前,城市学生各项形态指标生长水平高于乡村,身高城乡差距缩小,体重、胸围城乡差距加大;（2）城市学生肺活量水平高于乡村,城乡学生肺活量20年持续下降,前10年乡村学生下降快、后10年城市学生下降快;（3）乡村学生800m、1000m跑水平高于城市,城市女生50m跑、仰卧起坐水平高于乡村,其他素质城乡学生水平波动较大;（4）城市女生50m跑20年持续下降,城乡学生800m和1000m跑、城市学生50m×8往返跑20年加速下降,其他素质20年间有增有降发展极不平稳。 相似文献
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采用测量、问卷调查、数理统计等方法,分析定向运动学习前后对大学生身心健康的影响.结果经T检验和x2检验且表明：定向运动不仅能增强学生体质健康水平,而且有助于学生的情绪调节,增强自信心与创新意识,培养勇敢顽强的意志品质,建立良好的人际关系,能有效地促进学生身心健康发展.为了全面提高大学生整体素质,积极实践,构建定向运动课内外一体化教学模式,进行定向运动课程模块化教学,以满足学生的多元化需求. 相似文献
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Alan M. Nevill Roger L. Holder Andrew Bardsley Helen Calvert Stephen Jones 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(4):437-443
A regression analysis of competitors' tournament results in relation to their world rankings was proposed to identify the effect of home advantage in international ‘grand-slam’ tennis and ‘major’ golf tournaments. The results provided little evidence of home advantage in either the grand-slam tennis or the golf tournaments held in 1993. The only possible evidence of home advantage was found in the Wimbledon tennis and the US Open golf championships. Even these findings can be explained, at least partially, by (1) the availability of information concerning the low world rankings of the British tennis players competing at Wimbledon, and (2) selective entry, allowing only the world's top-ranked foreign golfers into the US open golf tournament. In both cases, the lower ranking home competitors have a greater opportunity to perform above their anticipated world rankings. Therefore, provided entry into tennis and golf tournaments is truly ‘open’ to both the host nation's representatives and foreign competitors alike, home advantage does not appear to be a major factor influencing the competitors' performance in such competitions. These findings may be explained by the relatively objective nature of the scoring systems used in tennis and golf, unlike the subjective influence of refereeing decisions on the results of team-games such as soccer. 相似文献
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曲爱宁 《体育科技文献通报》2007,15(8):97-98
柔韧素质是健美操专业学生的专项素质之一,通过对普通高校健美操专业学生分组对照进行柔韧性训练的实验研究,认为对训练肌群辅以按摩器振颤刺激,可大大提高柔韧性训练效果。 相似文献
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我国城市体育自然环境建设与发展的研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
采用实地调查研究、理性思维研究和文献资料调研等方法对主要问题进行了专门研究，提出了进行城市体育场所区域生态功能区划、设计体育生态功能区布局的方案、做好体育场所绿色环境系统规划、制定体育场所生态与绿地管理措施等基本观点，提出了若干城市体育自然环境建设与发展的对策。 相似文献
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重新认识体育的社会关联 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
体育与政治之间存在一个悖论，体育的发展与经济实力之间没有直线相关，体育与教育部分重叠，体育与宗教最为近缘，体育可借用科学手段，体育的艺术禀性日益明显，体育与养生反映着两种人生观。 相似文献