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1.
大学学术职业后备人才的培养 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
培养大学学术职业后备人才,不仅有助于有志进入学术职业的人群顺利开展个人学术生涯,而且对推进大学教师专业化以及提升各类学术组织整体的教学和研究水平都具有现实意义。谁应来对大学学术职业后备人才的质量负责,学术职业后备人才教育缺失的问题以及构建怎样的教育模式是大学学术职业后备人才培养的重要问题。 相似文献
2.
博士是学术职业的后备人才,博士对学术职业的认可度及其教育质量对于学术职业的发展和提升来说至关重要。从对问卷调查的分析得知,大多数博士对于学术职业有较高的认可度;学术研究是辛苦但却值得的,大多数博士在博士教育期间学术研究能力得到锻炼;创新观点和学术灵感对于学术研究非常重要;导师应该在博士教育中发挥更多的作用。 相似文献
3.
The context of Macedonian higher education has changed dramatically in the last fifteen years. A rapid increase in the number of public and private institutions and a greater diversity of higher education degrees have not been associated with improvements in quality. The research output of academic staff is modest; academics contribute little to the society's development. Academia in North Macedonia is under pressure due to chronic underfinancing of higher education and research, and an underdeveloped system of quality assurance, as well as growing expectations for relevance and internationalisation. This article presents an original empirical study on academic staff. It examines how 388 faculty at higher education institutions in North Macedonia perceived changes in the environment of the academic profession, and how changes in their working conditions potentially influence their academic identity and wellbeing. The results are compared to European data. Findings show that about half of research participants believed that the overall conditions for work and the quality of teaching, learning and research have deteriorated in recent years. This contributes to a perception of the academic profession as stressful and unattractive which results in lower levels of overall academic wellbeing which constitutes a threat to academic identity amongst the staff. Consequently, we expect further decreases in motivation, work ethic and productivity in the academic profession, as well as an increase in the desire of academics to leave Macedonia. 相似文献
4.
Marek Kwiek 《Higher Education》2003,45(4):455-476
The period since 1989 has been an extremely dynamic one in Polish highereducation. New opportunities have opened up for the academic community,along with new challenges. Suddenly, the academic profession has arrivedat a stage that combines far-reaching autonomy with rather uncertainindividual career prospects. In recent years, a number of new laws havebeen proposed that were intended to change the whole structure ofrecruitment, promotions, remuneration, working conditions, andappointments of academic faculty. All this has occurred admidst thestrains and tensions resulting from changes in the broader society. Thesudden passage from the more or less elite higher education system tomass higher education with a strong and dynamic private sector hastransformed the situation of the academic community beyond allrecognition. The transition has resulted in a new set of values andchanges in position, tasks, and roles for academe in society. Today,the future of the Polish academic profession remains undetermined. Thepositive changes were accompanied by the chronic underfunding of publichigher education. Polish academics have learned to accommodatethemselves to the permanent state of uncertainty in which they areforced to operate. The present paper analyzes the current situation fromthe perspective of global changes affecting the academic profession. 相似文献
5.
Twenty-four members of the academic staff of an Australian university were interviewed in 1979 in order to seek their views on the ways in which their professional lives were being affected by the current recession in higher education. Their responses have been drawn upon to construct a picture of how this group of university teachers perceive their working environment and their own place within it. The comments cluster around seven topics: teaching, students, research, colleagues, career prospects, the university, and the quality of academic life. It is concluded that the responses suggest that there is a widening gap between academic ideals and institutional realities and that this will have a strongly negative effect upon the morale of the profession. 相似文献
6.
学术职业在美国研究型大学的发展历程中处于核心地位,也受到研究型大学各种院校制度的影响与制约。学术职业的内涵随着研究型大学职能的演变而变化,研究型大学在对学术职业人员的学术职责进行规范的同时也赋予其一定的学术权利。研究型大学中特有的关于学术职业人员的职责和权利的制度,以及保证学术职业人员学术自治的一些院校制度等对学术职业的发展具有重要作用。 相似文献
7.
Tracy Fortune Priscilla Ennals Anoo Bhopti Cheryl Neilson Susan Darzins Christopher Bruce 《Teaching in Higher Education》2016,21(3):313-325
The performative context of higher education demands that practice-oriented academics shift their priorities from preparing practitioners for the profession, towards ‘productive’ scholarship. We present narratives from occupational therapy academics at the end of a year-long journey through an action research project focussed on academic identity and scholarly growth. Our analysis captures subtle and striking shifts in being and becoming, doing and belonging. The findings, re-presented as an adapted Hero’s Journey, also reveal the powerful impacts on identity and practice that are enabled when academics have the opportunity to create spaces for scholarship that are experienced as caring, collaborative and collegial. 相似文献
8.
学术职业精神气质的遗传印记 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
宋旭红 《清华大学教育研究》2008,29(5)
学术职业的精神气质是学术职业的灵魂所在、血脉所依,体现了学术职业以学术为生为业的生命内在需求和神圣召唤。追溯学术职业精神气质的遗传印记必须考察学术职业最初、最久远的起源,剖析其生长的第一个生命细胞。本文从中世纪大学生成的最初胚胎开始追溯,沿着修道院、经院哲学、科学学院化、学术的社会责任担当等学术职业发展的几个重要时期,探寻学术职业在千年发展中精神气质的遗传印记:沉潜与寂寞、怀疑与批判、自由与激情、学术与责任。 相似文献
9.
The motivations, values and future plans of Australian academics 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The Australian academic profession is more differentiated than is acknowledged in national and institutional policies and academic roles are more diverse than many academics themselves may recognise. However, the evolution of the nature and purposes of the profession and its implicit diversification have been incremental and largely unplanned. A consequence of this piecemeal approach is the attitudes and pressures on academic staff uncovered by this study, including a widespread intent to leave the Australian higher education sector for other work, or work in overseas universities. The study is based on a large-scale survey of over 5,500 academics across 19 Australian universities, and explores the attitudes, motivators and career plans of the present academic workforce in Australia. 相似文献
10.
《Africa Education Review》2013,10(2):169-183
Abstract At present, statistics as an academic career is not only experiencing an identity crisis, but is also fighting for survival as a vital and vibrant career choice. Good financial benefits, as well as the increasing demand for applied statisticians, have opened up very attractive career opportunities for statistics graduates, while at the same time eroding the viability of pursuing statistics as an academic teaching profession. As a result, the number of students wishing to teach statistics at universities is dwindling, and the number of vacancies in statistics departments at higher education institutions has increased. This article explores some of the reasons for the above, as well as the impact of the crisis on academic statistics. The article considers possible solutions – like opening the discourse on the future of academic statistics, taking students’ experiences seriously, the Africanisation of the curriculum, the effective use of technologies, ongoing research, and adequate financial reward. 相似文献
11.
中国大学教师的职业困境与出路 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
中国高等教育大众化导致了高等教育的多元化和质量问题的出现,大学教师职业的失落是重要的表现。大学教育的世俗化和功利化导致大学教师职业发展的困惑,制约着高等教育的发展。所以,提升学术职业的社会声誉和创新活力是高等教育的时代课题。文章对中国大学教师的职业困境作了探讨,从国际比较的视野提出了大学教师职业发展的建议。 相似文献
12.
教师发展(FD)的课题——日本的视角 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文以日本为例,系统研究了大学教师发展（FD）的背景、进展和课题。由于全球化、市场化以及知识化社会等背景,日本在80年代以后开始重视大学教师发展,推动FD制度化。教育质量保证是FD的基本原则。在21世纪,FD的理论和实践都有待于提高到新的阶段。这里不仅包括教师组织、课程、评价制度等要素的改善,还包括重新思考教学学术的问题。 相似文献
13.
“学术职业”是西方学者研究高等教育的一个重要领域所使用的专门术语。国内对学术职业的研究却刚刚起步,主要是对国外研究成果进行译介,以及从学术职业角度对中国大学教师的问题进行探索,但仍表现出对西方学术职业研究不系统、概念界定不明确、研究群体单薄等问题。 相似文献
14.
Lewis Elton 《Higher Education Quarterly》1992,46(3):252-268
It is argued that, basically, academics engage in three activities: teaching, research and scholarship, and that the activity of scholarship must be recognised and separately funded. The concept of scholarship is derived from its historical roots, according to which it supports both teaching and research, but is extended to support all activities in which academics engage. This makes it possible to develop an expanding system of higher education in which all academic activities are appropriately recognised and rewarded and which can operate with significantly lower unit costs than has been the case in the past. However, the need to provide funding for scholarship puts a lower bound to acceptable unit costs. 相似文献
15.
随着高等教育的发展,大学教师专业发展在高等教育领域已然成为被关注的焦点。而教学学术的研究则为大学教师专业发展研究开辟了一个崭新的维度。在教学学术和教师专业发展的引领下可以有效推进教师的职业专业化、平衡大学教师教学与科研的矛盾关系、完善大学教师专业发展理论体系和外部评价环境。在基于教学学术的大学教师专业发展策略生成中应该着力于教学学术理念与教师角色、评价与激励制度、教师专业发展策略以及教师教学学术研究等方面的建设,可以促进教师教学学术水平的改善并且有效地提高大学的高等教育质量。 相似文献
16.
《高等教育研究与发展》2012,31(1):101-114
In order to bring teaching and research together, a fuller understanding of how academics conceptualise research and scholarship is needed. The paper discusses different ways in which research and scholarship are conceptualised and then provides two alternative models of the relationship between teaching and research based on different conceptions of teaching and different ideas about the nature of knowledge. The paper suggests that if the relationship between teaching and research is to be enhanced it is necessary to move towards a model based on the notion of academic communities of practice. The implications for higher education of doing this are then examined. It is argued that there is a need to reconceptualise the role of higher education and to renegotiate relationships between teachers and students. 相似文献
17.
分工视角中的学术职业 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
从分工的视角来看 ,现代大学的学科制度既促进也制约着学术职业的发展。而学术自由作为学术职业的突出特点 ,与学术人格之间形成的良性互动 ,成为学术职业的现实推动力。我国学术职业的发展中面临着种种问题 ,应该从职业分工的角度来研究我国的大学教师 ,以便确立他们的社会地位 ,推进学术研究的发展 相似文献
18.
Angela Brew 《高等教育研究与发展》2003,22(1):3-18
In order to bring teaching and research together, a fuller understanding of how academics conceptualise research and scholarship is needed. The paper discusses different ways in which research and scholarship are conceptualised and then provides two alternative models of the relationship between teaching and research based on different conceptions of teaching and different ideas about the nature of knowledge. The paper suggests that if the relationship between teaching and research is to be enhanced it is necessary to move towards a model based on the notion of academic communities of practice. The implications for higher education of doing this are then examined. It is argued that there is a need to reconceptualise the role of higher education and to renegotiate relationships between teachers and students. 相似文献
19.
Romuin Reich 《Higher Education in Europe》2006,31(3):303-307
This paper discusses a special agreement for scientific professions that is expected to reform structures and working conditions of staff in higher education and research institutions in Germany. While differentiating their professional levels and careers, such an agreement should also deal with issues of income, promotion of women, brain drain – brain gain, and the Europeanisation of higher education in Germany, with the aim of increasing the attractiveness of the academic profession. 相似文献
20.
The modernisation of research evaluation: The case of the UK 总被引：10，自引：1，他引：9
Mary Henkel 《Higher Education》1999,38(1):105-122
The Research Assessment Exercise (RAE), first established by the UK University Grants Committee in 1985 has been an important instrument in the modernisation of higher education in the UK. It is a means of rationalising the stratification of universities and the concentration of research resources, and of maximising research output. At the same time, while its operation remains substantially under professional control, it has had profound implications for the academic profession. The article explores these through analysing the workings of the RAE and its consequences for higher education institutions, departments and individuals. It suggests that the RAE has triggered substantial changes in the management of the research function in universities and in the culture of university departments. It has disturbed the web of relationship between the individual academic, the discipline, the department and the institution. It has impacted on individual professional identities and concepts of research responsibilities. 相似文献