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1.
SELINA SUE CHASNOFF 《Counselor Education & Supervision》1976,16(1):46-51
Ambiguity tolerance is a learner characteristic that can affect the processing of stimuli in a wide range of learning situations, including modeling. It has also been shown to be related to effective counselor interview behavior. This study investigated the influence of differences in ambiguity tolerance and the effects of exposure to a videotape model on the interview behavior of counselor trainees. A two-way analysis of variance gave limited support to the hypothesis that counselor trainees would exhibit significantly more effective interview behaviors as a result of the interaction of high ambiguity tolerance and exposure to a model. It may be that video models can be used to diminish differences in counseling performance among high and low ambiguity tolerant counselors. The potential of creating a variety of learning strategies, such as video modeling, to override the detrimental effects of certain personality characteristics is discussed. 相似文献
2.
《Journal of Teaching in Social Work》2013,33(2):67-81
Theories of conditioning, modeling, and andragogy suggest drama's usefulness for teaching such topics as survey research methods to social work students. A randomized factorial experimental design compared groups of graduate social work students receiving materials presented in the form of a play or a lecture by two different professors. Initial testing indicated that the lecture by two different professors. Initial testing indicated that the lecture and play groups were equivalent in attitudes toward the experience. One week later the play group had significantly more positive attitudes. While the lecture and play groups were initially equivalent in knowledge retention, the lecture group showed significantly higher scores one week later. 相似文献
3.
This study investigated the perceptions of beginning counselor trainees regarding the therapeutic effectiveness of Carl Rogers, Fritz Perls, and Albert Ellis. Twenty-nine students viewed three stimulus films and rated the therapeutic effectiveness of the therapists. The students were subsequently rank-ordered by their prepracticum course instructors on the basis of skill development and assigned to one of three groups (high, middle, or low.) The results of a two-way analysis of variance revealed an overall higher evaluation for Rogers as compared to either Perls or Ellis. Further analysis revealed that the top-ranked group of counselor trainees rated Perls significantly higher than the other two and that the bottom-ranked group ranked Ellis higher than Perls or Rogers. Several conclusions concerning the use of stimulus films for demonstration and training purposes in counselor education are drawn. 相似文献
4.
This study investigated the relationship of a graduate course in group counseling, the number of hours completed in counselor education, and sex to the empathic understanding of trainees in a counselor education program. The trainees were taped in similar counseling sessions, and their responses were rated independently by three counselor educators, who used Carkhuff's empathic understanding scale. A three-way analysis of variance determined only one significant difference. The trainees who had completed a course in group counseling were significantly higher (p <.05) than those who had not. The level of empathic understanding of the higher group, however, was less than the level considered to be the minimum for effective counseling. 相似文献
5.
This article investigates differences in counselor verbal style and type of counselee talk in two groups of counselor trainees. The first group consisted of 15 counselor trainees who received a training program with an Amidon-type Verbal Interaction Analysis System; the second group was a control group of 15 counselor trainees who received no interaction analysis training as part of a semester-long counseling practicum. The results indicated that the counselors receiving interaction analysis training tended to talk less and Use indirect influence techniques more often than the counselor trainees in the control group. Clients of the counselors in the experimental group tended to talk more often and use more self-initiated talk than did the clients of counselors in the control group. 相似文献
6.
EUGENE JACKSON 《Counselor Education & Supervision》1986,25(3):230-236
A group of 83 undergraduates enrolled in interpersonal skills training groups were administered the Kagan Affective Sensitivity Scale—Form E-80 (KASS-E80). At the end of the semester they selected peers whom they believed would best be able to help another person deal with an emotional or interpersonal problem. First, the KASS-E80 scores for those frequently chosen and those unchosen were compared with a group chosen with moderate frequency within the sample (middle comparison group). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) planned comparisons showed significantly lower scores for the unchosen group but not significantly higher scores for the frequently chosen group when both were compared to the middle comparison group. Second, when the two extreme groups were each compared to the population of KASS-E80 examinees, one-sample z tests showed that the frequently chosen group significantly outscored the population of KASS-E80 examinees, whereas the unchosen group's scores were significantly lower. Implications for prediction and selection of counselor trainees were discussed. 相似文献
7.
This paper discussed a study of the differences in student learning achievement and retention in a college-level statistics course taught in a variety of teaching/learning environments. Statistical test results revealed that students experiencing a CAI environment performed no differently on achievement or retention tests than students experiencing a traditional lecture/discussion environment. However, students experiencing an “enriched” CAI environment (CAI plus planned teacher/student contacts) performed significantly better on achievement tests than students experiencing any of several other environments, including: lecture/discussion, lecture/discussion supplemented with planned teacher/student contacts, PI texts, PI texts supplemented with planned teacher/student contacts, and CAI. 相似文献
8.
KEITH W. CARLSON 《Counselor Education & Supervision》1974,13(3):208-213
Counselor-trainee response uncertainty and delayed supervisor feedback are two apparent difficulties when looking at the normal practicum procedures from a learning theory frame of reference. Twenty-four counselor trainees were randomly assigned to three experimental groups and one control group, i.e., immediate feedback, feedback and instructions, equipment present, and control. Audio tapes pre- and post-were selected and rated on empathy. An analysis of variance on the pre- and post-differences in ratings was computed resulting in a significant F-ratio (p < .05). Subsequent multiple comparisons showed all experimental groups significant when compared to the control group (p < .01) The results showed that all experimental conditions increased counselor trainees' empathic responses significantly. 相似文献
9.
This study examined the differences in professional identity development between novice and advanced counselor trainees (N = 161). Multivariate analyses of variance indicated significant differences between groups. Specifically, advanced counselor trainees demonstrated greater professional development compared with novice counselor trainees. No differences existed between groups with understanding of professional orientation and values. Implications are presented. 相似文献
10.
The purpose of this study was to assess whether counselor trainees who received training in identifying and producing 10 response types as well as training that emphasized when to use the response types would be more effective in using responding skills than trainees who received only training in identifying and producing response types. Thirty-two master's level counselor trainees from a large midwestern university participated in a three-session training workshop and responded to three dependent measures developed to assess effectiveness in using response types along three dimensions: (a) identification, (b) performance, and (c) evaluation. Statistical analysis indicated significant differences between treatment groups. Treatment seemed to decrease the extent to which counselor trainees questioned the client and expressed their own opinions and values during counseling interviews and increase the extent to which trainees used action-oriented statements aimed at encouraging the client to work on problem solving. Trainees in the treatment group showed a tendency to try out complex response types and to use these more frequently and appropriately. Treatment differences were maintained over time. 相似文献
11.
Verbal retelling abilities for social studies lectures were examined and compared in 20 adolescent boys, ages 12-5 to 14-7, with language-learning disabilities (LLD) and 29 with normal language abilities (NL). Participants viewed one videotaped social studies lecture with a comparison expository discourse structure and one with a causation discourse structure. Following each lecture presentation, participants verbally retold the lecture. Results of several repeated-measures analyses of variance indicated that the group with LLD produced a significantly smaller number of T-units, subordinate clauses, subordinate clauses per T-unit, T-units per second, lecture components per second, and percentage of lecture components in their retellings, compared with the group with NL, regardless of lecture type. Both groups produced a significantly greater number of T-units and subordinate clauses for the comparison lecture. By contrast, both groups recalled a significantly greater number of lecture components per T-unit and per second for the causation lecture. Results indicated that the comparison discourse structure facilitated more substantive and elaborate retellings, whereas the causation discourse structure facilitated more efficient, concise retellings in both groups. Research and instructional implications are discussed. 相似文献
12.
This study investigated whether or not coached clients modified the verbal responses of counselor trainees. The responses were judged on two dimensions: (a) interpersonal relatedness and (b) portion of total time consumed by the counselor. The subjects of the study were 58 pre-practicum graduate students in counseling at the University of Washington. The coached clients did elicit significantly different responses on both the dimensions of relatedness and speaking time. For example, aggressiveness or intrusiveness on the part of a mother client limited counselor verbalism, while aggressiveness on the part of a boy client stimulated overtalk. The counselor's social responsiveness was significantly related to his tendency to respond with reflected feeling instead of inference of diagnosis. 相似文献
13.
14.
《The Internet and Higher Education》2002,5(2):119-129
This article proposes a computer-mediated education system, which uses discussion-embedded lecture videos. Currently, lecture videos and online discussions exist separately, and discussion topics are managed without reference to the lectures. However, when the discussion is based on the lecture, this separation makes it difficult for the participants to comprehend the discussion and contribute to it. In this article, the author proposes a system that works on the basis of a close relationship between the lecture video and the discussion. In the proposed system, the contributed comments are embedded into the corresponding parts of the video. Therefore, participants can read related discussions while watching the lecture video and they can watch the corresponding part of the lecture video while reading the discussion. Participants can appreciate the relation between the discussion and the lecture and understand the content and background of the discussion more deeply. These advantages facilitate further discussion. Thus, a more effective distance learning education environment can be achieved. 相似文献
15.
SHARON E. ROBINSON THOMAS C. FROEHLE DEWAYNE J. KURPIUS 《Counselor Education & Supervision》1979,18(4):251-259
This study addressed the effectiveness and efficiency issues in a self-instructional learning activity in counselor training. The study specifically examined three media (written, audio, and video) of model and of self-generated performance feedback presentation. There were no differences in trainee production of counselor tacting response leads because of media of model or media of performance feedback presentation. Results, however, did indicate that learning is significantly enhanced when a written performance feedback component is added to a written modeling component. The same did not hold true for audio and video presentations. The implications of these cost- and labor-efficient instructional packages are discussed. 相似文献
16.
JOSEPH F. McILVAINE 《Counselor Education & Supervision》1972,12(2):123-129
The study was designed to investigate whether coached clients, trained in objective rating techniques, were more consistent with the ratings of counselor educators when evaluating the counseling effectiveness of counselor trainees, as compared to the same ratings completed by non-coached clients using the same criterion. A sample of ten counselor trainees were each rated by two coached and two non-coached clients using the Counseling Evaluation Inventory. The results indicated that the coached clients significantly agreed with the criterion, while the non-coached clients exhibited bias and subjectivity in their ratings. 相似文献
17.
The present study compares the differences in peer and supervisory judgments of counselor trainees in both guidance institutes and regular program groups. The key conclusion of the study is that institute supervisors and institute members have significantly higher positive agreement (r = .77) on who is a good counselor than that found among supervisors and students in a regular education program, where (r = .46). 相似文献
18.
Jeffery D. Fritz Robert Treat William J. Hueston Lisa Dodson Roy M. Long 《The American journal of distance education》2013,27(4):276-288
ABSTRACTMedical student use of lecture video (live-streaming and/or recorded) at a regional medical school campus that utilized distance educational technology to deliver first-year pre-clinical lecture content, was examined. Additionally, medical student video lecture use was compared to student performance on summative exams and final course grades. All learners achieved desired scientific competencies across all courses irrespective of their use of live-streamed or recorded video formats. Throughout the course of the year, medical student video use partitioned into one of two groups: students that only watched lecture in live-streaming format, and those that watched lecture only in recorded format. Interestingly, those medical students that predominantly preferred view lectures using the live-streaming format tended to achieve better summative test scores and final course grades compared to their peers that primarily utilized recorded video to obtain lecture content. Retrospectively, dimensions of personality scores were compared between the two groups (live-streaming viewers versus recorded viewers), and, of the five dimensions of personality, only the domain of conscientiousness differed between the two groups. This study suggests that, while medical students reached academic milestones utilizing either recorded or live-streamed video for obtaining lecture content during their first-year pre-clinical courses, there may be factors of learner personality influencing video use preference which in turn enhances student performance on summative exams and final course grades. These findings may have implications in curriculum design for other distance educational formats emphasizing classical scientific competencies in post-undergraduate study that rely on video delivery of lecture content. 相似文献
19.
This study employs a factorial design to investigate the efficacy of all possible combinations of modeling, praise, and criticism as a means of teaching empathic responding to counselor trainees. Measures of empathy were taken on 64 female introductory psychology students at the beginning of an experimental session and following each of two training segments. Results indicate a significant effect for modeling and stage of training. There was a significant interaction between modeling and stage of training such that subjects in the modeling conditions were rated higher in empathy than those in the no-modeling condition at the mid- and postmeasure but not at the premeasure. Results are in agreement with one previously published study but are inconsistent with two others. Discussion focuses on the critical elements of effective feedback techniques. 相似文献
20.
Using grounded theory methodology, authors utilized four online focus groups to explore counselor trainees’ understanding of diversity in a mental health diagnosis course. Four overarching themes, each embodied by two subthemes, emerged from the data. Implications for counselor educators teaching diversity in diagnosis to counselor trainees are provided. 相似文献