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Two experiments were conducted with senior high school pupils in the North‐West Province of South Africa to examine relationships of metacognitive strategies and nonverbal reasoning ability to their performance in tests of mathematics and English comprehension. The analyses of data revealed that both metacognitive ability and nonverbal reasoning ability have significant positive association with mathematics and English achievement scores. Significant sex differences in mathematics performance were also found. The findings of the two experiments suggested that some intervention programmes to teach metacognitive strategies to students, who lack such skills, may improve their academic attainment 相似文献
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Verbal and nonverbal forms of thinking exhibit widespread dissociation at neural and behavioral level. The importance of this for children's causal thinking and its implications for school science are largely unknown. Assessing 5‐ to 10‐year‐olds' responses (N = 231), verbal ability predicted causal reasoning, but only at lower levels, while nonverbal ability was the strongest predictor at higher levels of causal inference. We also distinguished between generic and scientific vocabulary use (n = 101). The results showed that use of scientific vocabulary predicted causal reasoning beyond generic, and connected more to nonverbal thinking. The findings highlighted the importance of elementary school science activities supporting application of nonverbal ability in thinking about causal processes; the benefits of linking nonverbal imagery to scientific vocabulary; and shortcomings in understanding of the forms/sources of nonverbal ability and their role in learning. 相似文献
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从数学本质解读数学课程改革 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
对数学的本质的理解和认识,直接影响和制约着数学课程与教学的进展.一方面,数学以严密的演绎思维、逻辑推理为手段的研究方式充分发挥了人的心智的功能;另一方面,由数学的经验性和实践性衍生出来的数学具有广泛应用性.数学课程改革需要从数学的本质特征出发,在经验与理性、形式与实质、人与社会之间寻求动态平衡. 相似文献
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赵海祥 《佳木斯教育学院学报》2012,(1):192-193
《初中数学课程标准(2011版)》指出,数学课程能使学生掌握必备的基础知识和基本技能,培养学生的抽象思维和推理能力,培养学生的创新意识和实践能力数学的发散性思维能力是"问题解决"的基础,是培养数学推理能力和创新意识前提要求。数学发散性思维作为用学科自身的品质陶冶人、启迪人、充实人。"问题解决"是人的高级数学思维。高级思维的学习,可以使学生充分享受思维的快乐,可以让思维自由飞翔。本文就初中数学发散思维的培养谈几点体会,通过创设问题情景、设置开放性试题、发挥学科优势等教学策略,着力培养初中学生的数学发散性思维能力,实现有效教学。 相似文献
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《Journal of research on educational effectiveness》2013,6(4):607-634
ABSTRACTThis study examined the efficacy of a kindergarten mathematics intervention program, ROOTS, focused on developing whole-number understanding in the areas of counting and cardinality and operations and algebraic thinking for students at risk in mathematics. The study utilized a randomized block design with students within classrooms randomly assigned to treatment or control conditions. Measures of mathematics achievement were collected in the fall (pretest) and spring (posttest) in kindergarten and in the winter of first grade (delayed posttest). Significant differences between conditions favoring treatment students were found on four of six measures at posttest. Treatment students reduced the achievement gap with their not-at-risk peers. No effect was found on follow-up first-grade achievement scores. Implications for Tier 2 mathematics instruction in a Response to Intervention model are discussed. 相似文献
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Betty L. Bitner 《科学教学研究杂志》1991,28(3):265-274
To test the hypothesis that formal operational reasoning modes are predictors of critical thinking abilities and grades assigned by teachers in science and mathematics, in September 1986 the Group Assessment of Logical Thinking (GALT) and in December 1986 the Watson-Glaser Critical Thinking Appraisal (WGCTA) were administered to 101 rural students in Grades 9 through 12. The grades assigned by teachers were collected in May 1987. Construct and criterion-related validities and internal-consistency reliability using Cronbach's alpha method were established on the GALT. On the WGCTA, content and construct validities and internal consistency reliability using the split-half procedure, coefficient of stability, and coefficient of equivalence were established. The five formal operational reasoning modes in the GALT were found to be significant predictors of critical thinking abilities and grades assigned by teachers in science and mathematics. The variance in the five critical thinking abilities attributable to the five formal operational reasoning modes ranged between 28% and 70%. The five formal operational reasoning modes explained 29% of the variance in mathematics achievement and 62% of the variance in science achievement. 相似文献
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蔡克 《九江职业技术学院学报》2003,(4):31-32,15
创造性思维是人类创造活动的灵魂，数学教学中应该培养学生的创造性思维。该文结合改进教学方法、设计教学内容和解题教学，从发展直觉思维、发散思维等方面入手对激发、培养学生的创造性思维进行探讨。 相似文献
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文章探讨了合情推理在数学学习建构中的作用以及对于数学非逻辑思维 (主要指形象思维与直觉思维 )培养的作用。 相似文献
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初中数学探究式教学的实验研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
探究式教学是基础教育新课程提倡的教学方式之一,也是新一轮基础教育课程改革中关注的热点.探究式教学能够提高学生的发散思维能力,增强学生的创新意识、创新精神和创新能力,增强学生的数学兴趣,深化学生的数学体验,养成学生的探究性学习习惯. 相似文献
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“做数学”既包括动手操作和动手实践，也包括动脑思考和动脑“运算”，“数学实验”既包括外部的操作性实验（实体实验），也包括内部的思维性实验（思想实验）．在数学教学中，我们不仅要做数学，更要开展数学想象，需要注重“做”的数学意义，进行数学抽象． 相似文献
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加德纳提出的多元智能理论是关于人类认知范畴最完整的论述。其中的逻辑数学智能是指有效运用数字和推理的能力，强调了运用逻辑数学思维解决问题的能力。每个人身上都蕴藏着不同量的数学潜能，教师的职责就是创设条件，让学生展现自己的逻辑数学潜能，提高运用数学思维解决实际问题的能力。 相似文献
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Rose K. Vukovic Steven O. Roberts Linnie Green Wright 《Early education and development》2013,24(4):446-467
This study examined whether children's mathematics anxiety serves as an underlying pathway between parental involvement and children's mathematics achievement. Participants included 78 low-income, ethnic minority parents and their children residing in a large urban center in the northeastern United States. Parents completed a short survey tapping several domains of parental involvement, and children were assessed on mathematics anxiety, whole number arithmetic, word problems, and algebraic reasoning. Research Findings: The results indicated that parents influence children's mathematics achievement by reducing mathematics anxiety, particularly for more difficult kinds of mathematics. Specifically, the mediation analyses demonstrated that parental home support and expectations influenced children's performance on word problems and algebraic reasoning by reducing children's mathematics anxiety. Mathematics anxiety did not mediate the relationship between home support and expectations and whole number arithmetic. Practice or Policy: Policies and programs targeting parental involvement in mathematics should focus on home-based practices that do not require technical mathematical skills. Parents should receive training, resources, and support on culturally appropriate ways to create home learning environments that foster high expectations for children's success in mathematics. 相似文献
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本文针对小学数学核心素养的特质,从数学应用、数学运算、逻辑推理以及几何直观这四个方面进行研究分析;并针对小学数学核心素养的建构策略,从数学活动、逻辑思维、生活实际和知识结构这四个方面展开探究分析,以期能够为有效培养小学生的数学核心素养提供参考性建议。 相似文献
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宣明 《温州职业技术学院学报》2012,12(2):83-86
问题驱动教学方法有助于提高学生学习高职数学课程的兴趣,培养高职学生的科研能力。以问题驱动的高职数学课程教学改革,应以高职教育特点和数学建模课程教学改革成果为切入点,从生活问题和专业背景问题出发,学习数学基本概念、理论和思想方法,利用所学数学知识建立数学模型并结合数学软件解决实际问题。实践证明,课程改革成效显著,实现了工学结合模式下＂双层次、多方向＂的人才培养目标。 相似文献
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A procedure for the detection of differential item performance (DIP) is used to investigate the relationships between characteristics of mathematics achievement items and gender differences in performance. Eight randomly equivalent samples of high school seniors were each given a unique form of the ACT Assessment Mathematics Usage Test (ACTM). Students without requisite mathematics courses were deleted from the samples to reduce the confounding effects of differences in instruction at the high school level. Signed measures of DIP were obtained for each item in the eight ACTM forms. These DIP estimates were then analyzed in a 6 × 8 (item category by form) experimental design. A significant item category effect was found indicating a relationship between item characteristics and gender-based DIP. Predictions, based on previous research about the categories of items that would contribute to gender-based DIP, were supported: Geometry and mathematics reasoning items were relatively more difficult for female examinees and the more algorithmic, computation-oriented items were relatively easier. 相似文献
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Teukava Finau David F. Treagust Mihye Won A. L. Chandrasegaran 《International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education》2018,16(1):183-202
This paper presents the effects of a cognitive acceleration program in mathematics classes on Tongan students’ achievements, motivation and self-regulation. Cognitive Acceleration in Mathematics Education (CAME) is a program developed at King’s College and implemented worldwide with the aim of improving students’ thinking skills, mathematics performance and attitudes. The first author adapted the program materials to Tongan educational context and provided support to participating teachers for 8 months. This study employed a quasi-experimental design with 219 Year 8 students as the experimental group and 119 Year 8 students as the comparison group. There were a significant differences in the mean scores between the pre-test and post-test of the three instruments that were employed in the study, indicating that learning mathematics under the CAME program had a positive effect on levels of students’ self-regulation, motivation and mathematics achievement. Students also reported changes to the ways they learn mathematics. 相似文献
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《高等数学》为数学思想方法的教学提供了一个良好的知识平台，在《高等数学》课程的教学中进行数学思想方法的教学，不仅是可行的，也是必要的．为此，应采取的主要措施有：一是改变传统教材单一以数学知识为主线的课程体系而以数学思想方法与数学知识的合理组合为教材的主线以突出数学思想方法的教学、二是改革教学方法，采取发现法教学，通过化隐为显、逐步渗透、反复运用等手段，使学生掌握常用的数学思想方法，并能在今后的学习、工作中灵活运用． 相似文献
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朱苑英 《宁波教育学院学报》2004,6(3):82-84
在数学教学中培养学生创造性思维能力,可通过以下五个方面:重视知识的形成和发展过程,采用"发现法"教学;加强直觉思维能力的培养;加强发散思维的训练;加强开放型问题的训练;增强应用意识,培养学生实践能力。 相似文献