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对五年制高职一、二年级300名学生经历的校园暴力行为及应对措施进行调查得知:在对自己半年内是否有相关暴力行为的评估方面,有与人吵架行为的学生最多;其次,有作弄或取笑人这类行为的人数居第二;有通过武力或武力相威胁、抢劫、索要他人钱财或强迫他人做不愿做的事情的人数所占比例最少.五年制高职男女学生暴力行为的差异主要表现在一年级,而一年级学生所报告的暴力行为比二年级学生多;学生在经历暴力事件后倾向于不报告成人,二年级学生尤其突出. 相似文献
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Anna Grace Burnette Francis Huang Jennifer L. Maeng Dewey Cornell 《Psychology in the schools》2019,56(3):378-392
Threat assessment is a violence prevention strategy used to investigate and respond to threats to harm others. In 2013, Virginia mandated the use of threat assessment teams for threats to self and to others, effectively subsuming suicide assessment with threat assessment and raising questions about the distinction between the two practices. In a statewide sample of 2,861 cases from 926 schools, there were more threats to self (60%) than others (35%), with only 5% involving threats to both self and others. Threats to self were more likely to be made by females (odds ratio [OR] = 3.38) and students with fewer prior disciplinary actions (OR = 0.48). Threats to self were much less likely to involve a weapon (OR = 0.07), but more likely to be attempted (OR = 1.50) and result in mental health services (OR = 2.96). They were much less likely to result in out‐of‐school suspensions (OR = 0.07), legal action (OR = 0.17), and/or changes in placement (OR = 0.53). Overall, these findings support a clear distinction between suicide and threat assessment. 相似文献
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心理干预在预防校园暴力方面有着重要的意义与作用。从心理干预的角度看,可以从建立校园暴力行为的心理预示机制,建立校园暴力危机的心理防范机制,建立校园心理健康的长效机制等三方面来预防校园暴力。 相似文献
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王俊杰 《安顺师范高等专科学校学报》2010,(6):41-43
近年来,我国各类学校的校园暴力事件呈上升趋势,尤其中学。由此引发的各种问题日渐突出,从而严重影响了青少年的健康成长,扰乱了正常的教学秩序及社会稳定,已引起社会的广泛关注。文章以我国严重的校园暴力事件为研究对象,描述和分析了当今严重校园暴力事件的表现和原因,从校园暴力的自身因素出发,进而提出一些相应的对策和建议。 相似文献
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从管理学校走向经营学校 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
学校在市场经济条件下出现了经营行为，但由于目前缺乏科学理论指导，这不仅让学校管理者感到困惑，同时也时理论研究提出了挑战。研究学校经营问题，重新构建学校管理理论，引导学校从传统的行政管理向适应市场经济发展的学校经营转变，是当今教育管理学发展研究的当务之急。本文主要就学校经营概念的界定，学校经营的可行性、现状以及前提条件和运作模式等问题提出了思路和建议。 相似文献
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近年来,我国各类学校的校园暴力事件呈上升趋势,尤其中学。由此引发的各种问题日渐突出,从而严重影响了青少年的健康成长,扰乱了正常的教学秩序及社会稳定,已引起社会的广泛关注。文章以我国严重的校园暴力事件为研究对象,描述和分析了当今严重校园暴力事件的表现和原因,从校园暴力的自身因素出发,进而提出一些相应的对策和建议。 相似文献
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AbstractSafety in and around schools is an on-going concern in South Africa. Current education policy related to school safety institutes mechanisms to reduce violence as a measure of promoting safety. The highest rate of violence reported by learners occurs in the classroom. By implication, how teachers are either enabled or constrained to respond to violent incidents in classrooms is critical. With the aim to determine how education policy related to school safety either enables or constrains teacher agency in South African education policy related to school safety, the article reports on a study that examined the mechanisms of the National School Safety Framework (NSSF) together with the context at schools. The study found that the NSSF mechanisms and school context find little enabling teacher agentic action, where learning is concerned. Although the NSSF mechanisms require teachers to perform many roles as measures of reducing violence to promote school safety, none involve pedagogic strategies or techniques. Given that teachers’ greatest challenge in the context of violence is the disruption of teaching and learning, the NSSF mechanisms are inadequate as an education policy related to school safety within the current context of insecurity in South African schools. 相似文献
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关于学校文化建设与学校发展的问题 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
学校文化是学生一生发展的文化摇篮,优秀学校文化所给予的人格教育可以为学生一生的发展指明方向.学校文化建设决定着学校发展,决定着学校教育教学的创造力、凝聚力和竞争力.以先进文化推动学校发展应确立先进文化的建设方向、把文化建设融入学校发展战略并着力打造先进的文化风尚. 相似文献
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采用自编的中学生生活经历调查研究问卷,对校园暴力特别是生生之间的躯体暴力和心理暴力进行调查研究,以调查中学生暴力行为一般状况和特点。研究发现,心理暴力得分在是否班干部上有显著差异;总暴力得分在是否班干部和在父亲职业上有显著差异。暴力实施者的得分在是否班干部上有显著差异;暴力受害者的得分在性别、是否班干部、母亲文化程度上有显著差异;暴力目击者的得分在性别、是否班干部、父亲职业、父亲文化程度、母亲职业上有显著性差异。 相似文献
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文章结合国外的相关研究,根据心理危机干预的原则、模式、技术等,立足于国内中学校的实际情况,提出一套实用于中学的整合连续的心理危机干预方案,涉及校园暴力事件的学校预警系统、应急处置、及时心理干预,以及事后干预四个阶段,依赖于学校、家庭、社会等多个方面的支持,重点突出“心理干预”的特点。以期能对校园暴力事件进行良好的心理危机干预,预防校园暴力事件的频繁发生,构建和谐校园。 相似文献
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近年来,全国各地区多次出现雾霾天气,中国气象局不断升级对雾霾的预警系统,大气中的PM2．5指数严重超标,空气十分污浊可谓是“十面霾伏”,影响了正常的生活,大气中的有毒物质严重损害呼气系统威胁到人们的生命健康,空气的质量引起了高度重视,甚至对雾霾产生恐慌,由此引出雾霾对学校体育工作的影响。通过研究阐述雾霾天气情况下学校体育课室外教学与实践的危害,对轻度雾霾天气学校体育应如何更好的开展提出建议,并呼吁相关部门对学校体育室外教学课规范出严格的空气标准,在保证室外空气对人体无影响的情况下进行体育课室外教学与实践,从而真正达到增强体质增进健康的目的。 相似文献
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学校欺负及其社会生态分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
张文新 《华南师范大学学报(社会科学版)》2004,5(5):97-103
学校欺负是一种较为常见的学校暴力形式且具有跨文化的普遍性。首先简要介绍了我国中小学欺负问题的基本特点。然后从社会生态学的视角阐述欺负者与受欺负者的个体特点,欺负／受欺负与儿童的同伴群体、家庭和学校等社会生态系统的联系,指出今后学校欺负问题的研究应立足于儿童青少年生活于其中的社会生态系统,在理论构想与研究设计上要充分考虑个体与其社会生态系统之间的相互作用和联系。 相似文献
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在学校心理服务体系建设较早,发展比较完善的国家里,学校心理服务体系分为学校辅导、学校心理学、学校咨询三个层级,每个层级有各自明确的服务人群、服务内容和专业组织,而我国的学校心理服务体系不够清晰,缺少学校心理咨询员与学校心理学家的划分,心理咨询也常与心理辅导相混淆,因此,需要明确目标,分出层次,通过政府立法完善各个层级的服务定位,同时通过培训提高教师的素质,建立健全中国学校心理服务体系。 相似文献
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This article examines the relationship between school organisational climate and the school's preparedness to undertake restructuring
and improvement. Over the last two decades, much research into school improvement and effectiveness has indicated the importance
of school climate for a school's efforts to change. For school-level personnel, an understanding of the nature of the prevailing
climate would seem valuable in determining the school's willingness and capacity to embark on school improvement initiatives
and to evaluate the impact that such initiatives have on the nature of the school's climate. The research reported here was
conducted in three phases. The first phase involved the assessment of the prevailing organisational climate in 30 secondary
schools drawn from three State education systems in Australia. The second phase involved analysing and documenting the principles
and school-level process associated with the establishment of site-based management in the three State education systems.
The third phase sought teachers' perceptions about the impact of site-based management on school improvement planning, collaboration
and curriculum leadership, and classroom practices. The research indicated the existence of an important relationship between
organisational climate and the school's capacity to implement and sustain authentic site-based management. Where the prevailing
organisational climate is negative, tailored ‘front-end’ strategies designed to improve the climate might be undertaken prior
to the school embarking on substantial school improvement initiatives. Finally, assessing organisational climate can provide
information about a school's preparedness to undertake change, and a re-assessment of climate following a change initiative
can provide evaluative data about the extent of change within the school.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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Pascal Mallet Benjamin Paty 《International journal for the advancement of counseling》1999,21(4):279-300
This article explores characteristics of school violence inFrance and the privileged means by which school counsellors can address this increasinglywidespread problem. In the first section, the status of counsellors in theFrench schools is outlined, and it is shown that counselling activities are reallyonly undertaken for students in junior high or high school. Two importantcharacteristics of the French view of school violence are: The experts in psychology takelittle interest in problems of school violence; and adults, rather than students,are seen as the primary victims. In this context, counsellors try to reduceschool violence primarily through training and reflecting with school staff. Severalempirical arguments suggest, in effect, that the adults' perceptions of the students is adetermining factor in the social regulation of school violence. This violence consistsmostly of incivilities that are only slightly reprehensible but oftenunbearable for certain teachers. Depending on whether the school staff try to understandthe incivilities or can only see them as pure savagery, they either try to controlthem through education or they lose confidence in their professional mission.The goal of counsellors is both to help the personnel develop theircapacities and motivate them to analyze the students' behavior, and to engender a senseof team spirit. 相似文献
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Verónica López Javier Torres‐Vallejos Boris Villalobos‐Parada Tamika D. Gilreath Paula Ascorra Marian Bilbao Macarena Morales Claudia Carrasco 《Psychology in the schools》2017,54(9):991-1003
Identifying and understanding predictors of school safety perceptions is important due to its consequences for students. However, it is not clear what school‐related factors most contribute to explaining students’ perception of school safety, and how they relate to community‐related factors such as neighborhood safety. The purpose of this study was to understand the factors associated with Chilean elementary and middle school students’ perceptions of school safety. We used a sample of 5,455 students from low socioeconomic status public schools, and analyzed the predictive value of peer physical and verbal victimization; teacher and school staff victimization; teacher's social support; and perception of safety in the students’ neighborhoods on perceptions of school safety. Findings showed that although different forms of school violence, particularly peer physical victimization and physical and sexual victimization from teachers and school staff, contribute to students’ perception of school safety, the highest contribution came from students perceiving their neighborhoods as unsafe. In contrast, teacher social support contributed to increased levels of perceived school safety. We discuss the need for school‐based interventions that address physical victimization and engage teachers in prosocial and less punitive approaches to foster a positive and safe school climate, and in fostering school–community partnerships. 相似文献
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The purpose of this study was to document and compare rates of reported and perceived crime and violence within schools. With highly publicized acts of school violence prevalent in the minds of the American public, there is a perception that schools are unsafe. Reports of school crime and violence from teachers, administrators, and students differ in severity and in nature from what is perceived by the public. Few studies are available on the frequency of these or other types of reported violence or the relationship between actual and perceived violence in schools. Extant data on reported violence in schools from the database of North Carolina were analyzed and compared to data reflecting perceptions of violence. The public perceptions of the types of school crime and violent acts differed greatly from actual occurrences reported by school administrators. Limitations and implications for research and practice are discussed. 相似文献