共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 453 毫秒
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文章对湖泊的污染现状、污染特征以及湖泊污染水体的主要修复措施进行了介绍。对湖泊污染的特征主要从富营养化、有机有毒污染物污染以及重金属污染三个方面进行了阐述;对湖泊水体污染治理的工业工程措施和生物修复技术做了重点论述,指出生物修复是湖泊污染水体修复的长期的环保的修复方式,同时对于不同特征的污染水体,应根据其污染特点制定相应的修复方案。 相似文献
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污染土壤微生物修复技术的研究进展 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
综述了污染土壤的微生物修复技术研究现状,以及污染土壤的主要几种类型及其生物修复技术的最新研究内容和方法,并提出生物修复过程中存在的问题. 相似文献
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分析了土壤重金属污染的来源和危害,简要介绍植物修复技术的概念,从植物提取、植物稳定、植物挥发和根际过滤这4个方面分析了植物修复技术在消除土壤中重金属污染方面的应用,指出该技术的优缺点和发展方向,以期为土壤重金属污染的治理工作提供参考. 相似文献
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近年来我国重金属污染事件频发,严重影响广大群众的身体健康,土壤重金属污染与防治成为人们关注的环境问题之一。结合近年来国内外有关重金属污染土壤修复技术的研究进展,对典型的重金属污染土壤修复工程实践进行了介绍,提出未来发展的趋势。 相似文献
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环境生物技术作为一门新兴边缘学科在解决环境污染问题上具有很大的潜力。本文综合阐述了当前国内外在生物监测、环境污染治理、生物修复等几个方面总结环境生物技术的发展现状，分析今后发展趋势。 相似文献
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大型复杂污染场地的污染治理修复是国内外环境领域面临的重大难题。大型复杂污染场地具有影响范围广、污染物种类多、生态环境威胁大等特征,这类场地污染物的环境行为认知和高效治理修复都面临巨大挑战,其中土壤和地下水污染的形成机制、污染源的精准识别、智能决策优化等关键科技问题亟待解决。我国大型复杂污染场地在京津冀、长江经济带、珠江三角洲等经济发达地区呈集群式分布,涉及化学品制造业、石油等燃料加工业、黑色金属冶炼等行业。基于我国国情,文章提出了大型复杂污染场地修复治理的关键“三步曲”（TSRTCM）,从调查评估与科学认知、方案决策与技术筛选、工程实施与监测评价3方面着力破解修复治理难题。大型复杂污染场地环境修复能有力支撑污染防治攻坚战,有助于区域经济社会绿色发展。 相似文献
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场地土壤与地下水污染问题,是世界关注的重要环境问题之一,对污染场地实施科学管理,是一个国家经济、社会发展到较高水平后必然要面对的问题。近三十年来,许多国家和国际组织如美国、英国、澳大利亚、日本、欧盟等已经建立起了较为完善的污染场地调查评价与修复治理的技术体系。随着我国社会经济快速发展。土地功能频繁而规模性地转化,民众越来越关注土壤与地下水的污染问题,急需建立用以规范和指导我国场地土壤和地下水污染调查评价与修复治理的技术体系。基于此,中国地质调查局于2006年启动了“典型污染场地土壤与地下水调查技术与评价研究”地质调查项目,旨在通过对我国典型污染场地的调查研究。 相似文献
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电镀行业是产生重金属污染的主要行业之一。土壤重金属污染尤其是镍污染是国内亟待解决的环境问题之一。在对某电镀企业厂区土壤监测结果分析评述的基础上,通过探讨比较分析生物修复方法中的植物修复、微生物修复、植物与微生物联合修复技术等各方法利弊。推荐采用植物与微生物联合修复技术对该区域污染土壤进行修复治理。 相似文献
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Bioremediation of contaminated groundwater or soil is currently the cheapest and the least harmful method of removing xenobiotics from the environment. Immobilization of microorganisms capable of degrading specific contaminants significantly promotes bioremediation processes, reduces their costs, and also allows for the multiple use of biocatalysts. Among the developed methods of immobilization, adsorption on the surface is the most common method in bioremediation, due to the simplicity of the procedure and its non-toxicity. The choice of carrier is an essential element for successful bioremediation. It is also important to consider the type of process (in situ or ex situ), type of pollution, and properties of immobilized microorganisms. For these reasons, the article summarizes recent scientific reports about the use of natural carriers in bioremediation, including efficiency, the impact of the carrier on microorganisms and contamination, and the nature of the conducted research. 相似文献
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Heavy metals are natural elements in the Earth’s crust that can enter human food through industrial or agricultural processing, in the form of fertilizers and pesticides. These elements are not biodegradable. Some heavy metals are known as pollutants and are toxic, and their bioaccumulation in plant and animal tissues can cause undesirable effects for humans; therefore, their amount in water and food should always be under control. The aim of this study is to investigate the conditions for the bioremediation of heavy metals in foods. Various physical, chemical, and biological methods have been used to reduce the heavy metal content in the environment. During the last decades, bioremediation methods using plants and microorganisms have created interest to researchers for their advantages such as being more specific and environmentally friendly. The main pollutant elements in foods and beverages are lead, cadmium, arsenic, and mercury, which have their own permissible limits. Among the microorganisms that are capable of bioremediation of heavy metals, Saccharomyces cerevisiae is an interesting choice for its special characteristics and being safe for humans, which make it quite common and useful in the food industry. Its mass production as the byproduct of the fermentation industry and the low cost of culture media are the other advantages. The ability of this yeast to remove an individual separated element has also been widely investigated. In countries with high heavy metal pollution in wheat, the use of S. cerevisiae is a native solution for overcoming the problem of solution.This article summarizes the main conditions for heavy metal absorption by S. cerevisiae.How to cite: Massoud R, Hadiani MR, Khosravi Darani K, et al. Bioremediation of heavy metals in food industry: Application of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Electron J Biotechnol 2019;37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejbt.2018.11.003. 相似文献
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铅锌尾矿对环境污染的初步研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
由于铅锌尾矿长期露天放置会对环境产生危害。通过原子吸收分光光度法、原子荧光分光光度法对不同酸静态浸泡后铅锌尾矿的浸出液测定得出,盐酸对金属离子浸出影响最大。细颗粒的尾矿更易浸出,浸出时间越长,浸出的金属含量反而降低。测定了尾矿堆附近的土壤,通过与背景值和标准对照,说明尾矿堆附近土壤已经被污染。 相似文献
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土壤污染问题是亟需解决的重大环境问题。我国土壤环境状况总体不容乐观,部分地区土壤污染较重,耕地土壤环境质量堪忧,工矿业废弃地土壤环境问题突出。土壤污染成因复杂,危害严重,同时土壤环境监督管理体系不健全,土壤环境保护面临诸多挑战。下一步,应从完善土壤污染防治政策法规标准、切实加强土壤污染物来源控制、严格管控受污染土壤的环境风险、开展土壤污染治理与修复试点示范、强化土壤污染防治科技支撑能力建设、建立土壤污染防治投入机制6个方面进一步加强土壤污染防治工作。 相似文献
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BackgroundThe potential waste canola oil-degrading ability of the cold-adapted Antarctic bacterial strain Rhodococcus sp. AQ5-07 was evaluated. Globally, increasing waste from food industries generates serious anthropogenic environmental risks that can threaten terrestrial and aquatic organisms and communities. The removal of oils such as canola oil from the environment and wastewater using biological approaches is desirable as the thermal process of oil degradation is expensive and ineffective.ResultsRhodococcus sp. AQ5-07 was found to have high canola oil-degrading ability. Physico-cultural conditions influencing its activity were studied using one-factor-at-a-time (OFAT) and statistical optimisation approaches. Considerable degradation (78.60%) of 3% oil was achieved by this bacterium when incubated with 1.0 g/L ammonium sulphate, 0.3 g/L yeast extract, pH 7.5 and 10% inoculum at 10°C over a 72-h incubation period. Optimisation of the medium conditions using response surface methodology (RSM) resulted in a 9.01% increase in oil degradation (87.61%) when supplemented with 3.5% canola oil, 1.05 g/L ammonium sulphate, 0.28g/L yeast extract, pH 7.5 and 10% inoculum at 12.5°C over the same incubation period. The bacterium was able to tolerate an oil concentration of up to 4.0%, after which decreased bacterial growth and oil degradation were observed.ConclusionsThese features make this strain worthy of examination for practical bioremediation of lipid-rich contaminated sites. This is the first report of any waste catering oil degradation by bacteria originating from Antarctica.How to cite: Ibrahim S, Zahri KNM, Convey P, et al. Optimisation of biodegradation conditions for waste canola oil by cold-adapted Rhodococcus sp. AQ5-07 from Antarctica. Electron J Biotechnol 2020;48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejbt.2020.07.005 相似文献
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膨润土修复矿区污染土壤的初探 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
绍兴某矿区土壤受重金属Pb和Zn的复合污染。本文研究了膨润土修复矿区污染土壤过程中不同pH、膨润土对污染土壤修复效果的影响。结果表明：pH、膨润土与污染土壤比是影响膨润土对Pb和Zn的吸附的主要因素,当pH=5．0时,吸附效果最佳。当pH=5．0,膨润土与污染土壤比=1：10时,平衡液中Pb和Zn的浓度比不添加膨润土分别降低44％和58％。膨润土与污染土壤比=1：5时修复效果最好。因此,在pH在5,膨润土与污染土壤比=1：5时,可以达到最好的修复效果,膨润土可以用于修复被Pb和Zn污染的土壤。 相似文献