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针对社会对高层次应用型体育人才需求不断增加,而体育学硕士研究生培养类型以学术型为主的现实矛盾,在分析体育学硕士研究生培养类型的基础上,从体育学硕士研究生教育的本质特征、体育学硕士研究生教育的目标、体育学研究生教育的发展等培养类型划分影响因素出发,结合一定的划分原则,把我国体育学硕士研究生培养类型划分为学术型和应用型两类,并讨论了各自的内在特征,以期优化体育学硕士研究生的培养类型,以适应社会的需求,提高教育资源的利用率. 相似文献
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体育院校硕士研究生社会实践能力培养的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
程文广 《沈阳体育学院学报》2002,(1):45-45
经济全球化的到来 ,对我们培养硕士研究生的要求越来越高。因此 ,探讨和分析影响体育院校硕士研究生社会实践能力的多种因素 ,对今后的工作是十分必要的。1 研究方法文献资料法。收集并研究有关研究生培养工作文件、学位与研究生教育杂志及论文 ,国内研究生培养工作会议上的专家发言及培养工作的论证报告 ,国外有关资料及文献。调查访问法。对专家共发放问卷 30份 ,回收 2 6份 ,回收率 86 .7%。对我国部分体育院校已毕业硕士研究生和在读硕士研究生发放问卷 ,进行抽样调查。对在读硕士研究生共发放问卷 1 50份 ,回收 1 39份 ,回收率为 92… 相似文献
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针对我国2009年推行的全日制体育硕士专业学位教育,采用文献资料法、调查访谈法、逻辑分析法对我国全日制体育硕士专业学位教育的主要特征、培养状况进行分析。我国全日制体育硕士专业学位教育以培养高层次的应用型、实践性体育专门人才为培养目标,招收对象以无工作经验的应届本科生为主,招收"入口"与培育目标"出口"之间的巨大落差给实际工作带来挑战。我国的全日制体育硕士专业学位教育状况整体上与国家的培养目标要求相一致,各院校在具体的实施操作方面有所不同,培养模式不尽完善。建议更新研究生教育理念,给予全日制体育硕士专业学位教育以合理的定位,同时各院校在以后的实际工作中要不断完善自己的本职工作,借鉴国外研究生的培养模式,注重创新能力和精神的培养,提升全日制体育硕士专业学位研究生的培养质量,进一步适应社会的需求。 相似文献
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全晶 《体育科技文献通报》2008,16(11):67-69
通过对我国部分体育院系硕士研究生培养方式以及高校对体育硕士满意度的调查研究和专家访谈,分析目前我国体育学科研究生教育在专业设置和研究方向方面的现状和存在的问题,并提出一些建议及对策,旨在促进体育学科硕士研究生培养方式与社会需求顺利接轨。 相似文献
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研究生教育是高等教育的重要组成部分,文章主要采用文献资料法、问卷调查法、专家访谈法对东北师范大学体育硕士研究生教学能力的基本现状进行调查,研究结果显示:东北师范大学体育学科建设合理,基础教育特色鲜明,体育硕士研究生在组织能力、传授能力、创编能力、评价能力方面相对较好,有利于对体育硕士研究生的培养;建议加强和完善导师责任制,强化校内外导师组联合培养制,完善教师梯队的建设,从多层面对体育硕士研究生进行培养,注重体育研究生综合能力的提升,以期全面提升体育硕士的教学能力,培养卓越的人民体育教师。 相似文献
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体育硕士研究生教育是我国体育人才培养的重要组成部分,该领域的研究已成为体育高素质人才培养研究的重要课题来源。近10年涌现出大量关于体育硕士研究生科研能力现状分析和创新能力培养的研究,在体育硕士研究生教育现状及培养模式方面形成了一批有意义的结果。本文通过对相关研究成果进行综述,分析造成体育硕士研究生科研与创新能力缺失的原因,主要有硬件设施投入和利用不足、培养体系不完善、学生科研实践少和教学科研管理效果差等,在此基础上提出未来研究方向,为其相关研究的开展提供参考资料和理论依据。 相似文献
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This study examined the effect of carbohydrate ingestion on metabolic and performance-related responses during and after a simulated 1h cycling time trial. Eight trained male cyclists (VO 2 peak = 66.5ml kg -1 min -1 ) rode their own bicycles mounted on a windload simulator to imitate real riding conditions. At a self-selected maximal pace, the cyclists performed two 1h rides (separated by 7 days) and were fed either an 8% carbohydrate or placebo solution. The beverages were administered 25 min before (4.5ml kg -1 ) and at the end (4.5ml kg -1 ) of the ride. With carbohydrate feeding, plasma glucose tended (P = 0.21) to rise before the time trial. Compared with rest, the plasma glucose concentration decreased significantly (P < 0.05) at the end of both rides, with no statistically significant difference being observed between treatments. Thereafter, plasma glucose increased significantly (P < 0.05) at 15 and 30 min into recovery, and was significantly higher at 30 min during the carbohydrate trial compared with the placebo trial. No significant changes in plasma free fatty acids were observed during the ride. However, a significant increase (P < 0.05) in free fatty acids was found at 15 and 30 min into recovery, with no difference between trials. Mean power output was significantly (P < 0.05) greater during the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (mean - S.E.: 277-3 and 269-3W, respectively). The greater distance covered in the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (41.5-1.06 and 41.0–1.06km, respectively; P < 0.05) was equivalent to a 44s improvement. We conclude that pre-exercise carbohydrate ingestion significantly increases endurance performance in trained cyclists during a 1h simulated time trial. Although the mechanism for this enhancement in performance with carbohydrate ingestion cannot be surmised from the present results, it could be related to a higher rate of carbohydrate oxidation, or to favourable effects of carbohydrate ingestion on the central component of fatigue. 相似文献
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Roy J. Shephard 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(7):603-620
The biology and medicine of rowing are briefly reviewed. Effort in a 2000 -m race is about 70% aerobic. Because the boat (and in some instances a cox) must be propelled, successful competitors are very tall, with a large lean mass and aerobic power. Large hearts may lead to erroneous diagnoses of a cardiomyopathy. Large respiratory minute volumes must be developed by chest muscles that are also involved in rowing. The vital capacity is typically large, and breathing becomes entrained. Expiration cannot be slowed relative to inspiration (as normally occurs at high rates of ventilation) and the limiting flow velocity may be reached, with the potential for airway collapse. Performance is strongly related to the power output at the ‘anaerobic threshold’, and lactate measures provide a guide to an appropriate intensity of endurance training. Peak blood lactate levels are higher in males (commonly 11–19 mmol·l -1 and occasionally as high as 25 mmol·l -1) than in females (9–11 mmol·l -1), probably because males have a greater muscle mass in relation to blood volume. The skeletal muscles are predominantly slow twitch in type, developing an unusual force and power at low contraction velocities. Many rowers have a suboptimal diet, eating excessive amounts of fat. Lightweight rowers also have problems of weight cycling. Aerobic power and muscle endurance often change by 10% over the season, but such fluctuations can be largely avoided by a well-designed winter training programme. Injuries include back and knee problems, tenosynovitis of the wrist and, since the introduction of large blades, fractures of the costae. 相似文献
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许良 《体育科技文献通报》2011,19(2):1-4
基于1985、1995和2005年全国学生体质调研数据,对各时期我国城乡学生形态、机能、体能发展水平进行系统地定量研究,动态分析20年全国城乡学生体质发展的特点与规律。主要研究结果：（1）近20年城乡学生生长发育持续提前,城市学生各项形态指标生长水平高于乡村,身高城乡差距缩小,体重、胸围城乡差距加大;（2）城市学生肺活量水平高于乡村,城乡学生肺活量20年持续下降,前10年乡村学生下降快、后10年城市学生下降快;（3）乡村学生800m、1000m跑水平高于城市,城市女生50m跑、仰卧起坐水平高于乡村,其他素质城乡学生水平波动较大;（4）城市女生50m跑20年持续下降,城乡学生800m和1000m跑、城市学生50m×8往返跑20年加速下降,其他素质20年间有增有降发展极不平稳。 相似文献
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采用测量、问卷调查、数理统计等方法,分析定向运动学习前后对大学生身心健康的影响.结果经T检验和x2检验且表明：定向运动不仅能增强学生体质健康水平,而且有助于学生的情绪调节,增强自信心与创新意识,培养勇敢顽强的意志品质,建立良好的人际关系,能有效地促进学生身心健康发展.为了全面提高大学生整体素质,积极实践,构建定向运动课内外一体化教学模式,进行定向运动课程模块化教学,以满足学生的多元化需求. 相似文献
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Alan M. Nevill Roger L. Holder Andrew Bardsley Helen Calvert Stephen Jones 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(4):437-443
A regression analysis of competitors' tournament results in relation to their world rankings was proposed to identify the effect of home advantage in international ‘grand-slam’ tennis and ‘major’ golf tournaments. The results provided little evidence of home advantage in either the grand-slam tennis or the golf tournaments held in 1993. The only possible evidence of home advantage was found in the Wimbledon tennis and the US Open golf championships. Even these findings can be explained, at least partially, by (1) the availability of information concerning the low world rankings of the British tennis players competing at Wimbledon, and (2) selective entry, allowing only the world's top-ranked foreign golfers into the US open golf tournament. In both cases, the lower ranking home competitors have a greater opportunity to perform above their anticipated world rankings. Therefore, provided entry into tennis and golf tournaments is truly ‘open’ to both the host nation's representatives and foreign competitors alike, home advantage does not appear to be a major factor influencing the competitors' performance in such competitions. These findings may be explained by the relatively objective nature of the scoring systems used in tennis and golf, unlike the subjective influence of refereeing decisions on the results of team-games such as soccer. 相似文献
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曲爱宁 《体育科技文献通报》2007,15(8):97-98
柔韧素质是健美操专业学生的专项素质之一,通过对普通高校健美操专业学生分组对照进行柔韧性训练的实验研究,认为对训练肌群辅以按摩器振颤刺激,可大大提高柔韧性训练效果。 相似文献
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我国城市体育自然环境建设与发展的研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
采用实地调查研究、理性思维研究和文献资料调研等方法对主要问题进行了专门研究，提出了进行城市体育场所区域生态功能区划、设计体育生态功能区布局的方案、做好体育场所绿色环境系统规划、制定体育场所生态与绿地管理措施等基本观点，提出了若干城市体育自然环境建设与发展的对策。 相似文献
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重新认识体育的社会关联 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
体育与政治之间存在一个悖论，体育的发展与经济实力之间没有直线相关，体育与教育部分重叠，体育与宗教最为近缘，体育可借用科学手段，体育的艺术禀性日益明显，体育与养生反映着两种人生观。 相似文献